Abstract: Systems, Methods, and instrumentalities are described herein related to jitter monitoring in a wireless communication network. A network device associated with the wireless communication network may receive information regarding one or more aspects of jitter monitoring within the wireless communication network. The network, device may determine a jitter monitoring policy based on the received information, and send the jitter monitoring policy to another device in the wireless communication network. After sending the jitter monitoring policy to the other device in the wireless communication network, the network device may receive an indication of a jitter measurement result from the other device.

Abstract: This disclosure is related to initiating a network initiated registration procedure. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) is configured to transmit, to a wireless network, a first information indicating a capability to sponsor one or more other WTRUs that are not registered with a mobile operator network (MNO). The WTRU may receive security credentials associated with one or more virtual context identifiers. The WTRU may transmit a second information. The wireless network may be configured to initiate a registration procedure, based on the second information. The WTRU may receive, from the wireless network, third information. The WTRU may communicate with the one or more other WTRUs using the wireless network, based on the third information and on a policy of the MNO.

Abstract: Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products are provided for network-initiated wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) registration. WTRU methods and systems include scanning for and receiving a first system information block (SIB) including network-initiated registration (NIR) information from a wireless network, where the WTRU is not registered with the wireless network and the scanning is based on a scanning configuration. The methods and systems further include transmitting a request for a second SIB to the wireless network based on the NIR information of the first SIB indicating that additional NIR information is available and receiving the second SIB, which includes the additional NIR information. The methods and system additionally include transmitting a registration request to the wireless network based on the NIR information and on the additional NIR information, where the wireless network registers the WTRU based on the registration request.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are described herein related to jitter monitoring and discontinuous reception in a wireless communication network. A network device (e.g., a base station) as described herein may receive first information indicating respective jitter measurement results associated with a first service data flow (SDF) and a second SDF. The network device may also receive second information indicating respective periodicities of the first SDF and the second SDF. The network device may determine one or more connected mode discontinuous reception (CDRX) parameters based on the first information and the second information, and transmit the one or more CDRX parameters to a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU).

Abstract: Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, and devices are provided for a node of a wireless network to register a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) for communication with the wireless network. A method includes receiving, from a WTRU, a radio resource control message including a registration message and an access node parameter of the WTRU. The method includes selecting, based on the access node parameter and based on querying the wireless network, an instance of a network function from a plurality of available network function instances, wherein the instance of the network function supports a registration of the WTRU. The method includes receiving, from the wireless network, a response message including a temporary identification associated with the access node parameter of the WTRU. The method includes causing the WTRU to be registered for communication with the wireless network based on the temporary identification and based on the instance of the network function.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are described herein related to jitter measuring in a wireless communication network. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may be configured to receive first jitter measuring information associated with a communication link between the WTRU and a device tethered to the WTRU. The WTRU may perform a first jitter measurement associated with the communication link, wherein the first jitter measurement may be performed using the first jitter measuring information. The WTRU may send an indication of a result of the first jitter measurement to a first network device.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for a session management function (SMF) determining relative protocol data unit (PDU) set importance within a quality of service (QoS) flow. A first network node (e.g., an SMF) may detect a triggering event. The first network node may send, to a first wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU), a first message. The first message may include a first protocol data unit (PDU) set assignment rule corresponding to a quality of service (QoS) flow. The first PDU set assignment rule may indicate a first PDU set base value and a discard factor. The first network node may send, to a second network node, a second message. The second message may include a second PDU set assignment rule associated with the QoS flow. The first network node may send, to a third network node, a third message including a QoS profile that indicate the discard factor.

Abstract: Procedures and embodiments for WTRU member selection based on per-app user consent may be described herein. A network exposure function (NEF) may receive filtering criteria and/or a list of target WTRUs from an application function (AF). The filtering criteria may be based on user consent. The NEF may receive WTRU subscription data from the unified data management (UDM) comprising user consent value(s) associated with an application or multiple applications. The NEF may perform filtering for member selection assistance based on the user consent information and/or other filtering criteria. The NEF may send the filtered list of WTRUs to the AF.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) with a processor and memory may be configured to receive a sensing request. The sensing request may indicate one or more parameters for performing a sensing operation, a sensing operation triggering condition, and a reporting triggering condition. The WTRU may be configured to determine that the sensing operation triggering condition is satisfied. Upon determining that the sensing operation triggering condition is satisfied, the WTRU may be configured to perform the sensing operation indicated in the sensing request. The WTRU may be configured to determine that the reporting triggering condition is satisfied. Upon determining that the reporting triggering condition is satisfied, the WTRU may be configured to send a sensing report based on the reporting triggering conditions and in accordance with the one or more sensing parameters indicated in the sensing request.

Abstract: A wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU) and methods to transmit uplink protocol data units (PDUs) associated with a quality of service (QOS) flow with differing priority levels on a per-PDU basis are disclosed. A WTRU receives WTRU packet data unit (PDU) set detection rules from a network entity such as a session management function (SMF). The WTRU receives, from higher layers, a PDU associated with a quality of service (QOS) flow for uplink transmission. The WTRU determines a priority level of the received PDU, irrespective of the associated QoS, based on the WTRU PDU set detection rules and determines a data radio bearer (DRB) or logical channel to transmit the PDU based on the determined priority level. Additional embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Enhancement of discovery and PC5 connection for PC5 based AI/ML is described herein. As will be described in greater detail below, a WTRU performs ProSe discover the other WTRU supporting PC5 based AI/ML splitting with consideration of supported AI/ML operation, the WTRU's capability. ProSe Discovery Code may be enhanced to include supported AI/ML model for the application using PC5 based AI/ML. The WTRU's capability information or class information of the WTRU's capability may be included for Discovery. Some of those information can be negotiated during or after PC5 Connection setup as alternative.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described herein for service application programming interface (API) discovery based on a server dataset using the common API framework. A common API framework (CAPIF) may enable server and/or API discovery based on a server's dataset and/or private dataset. A CAPIF core function (CCF) may perform server and/or API discovery, for example, in scenarios where the CCF may have limited access or no access to a server's dataset.

Abstract: Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products for local mobile metaverse service enablers, such as an enabler implemented in a Wireless Transmit/Receive Unit (WTRU). For example, a method may include determining, by a WTRU service enabler hosted by a WTRU, that one or more application clients hosted by the WTRU are interested in available local content. The method may include obtaining, by the WTRU service enabler, the available local content. The method may include providing, by the WTRU service enabler to the one or more application clients, the available local content.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for adjusting quality of service (QoS) based on the speed, location, and trajectory of a wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU). A first network node, such as a radio access network (RAN), may receive QoS profiles from a second node, like a session management function (SMF), and a profile may be associated with WTRU movement parameters and indices. Upon detecting changes in the WTRU's speed, location, or trajectory, the first network node may select an appropriate QoS profile and sends an index for the profile to the WTRU and a third node, such as a user plane function (UPF), to synchronize QoS handling.

Abstract: Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products for user plane traffic gating based on energy cost. A policy control function, PCF, may be configured with information related to energy cost criteria or strategy. The PCF may be triggered, using the information, to obtain energy cost information from the network, e.g., from an energy efficiency control function, EECF. The PCF may use the energy cost measurement/information obtained from the EECF, and the energy cost criteria or strategy information to determine whether and which service flows need to be blocked. The PCF may include this information in one or more policy and charging control, PCC, rules that correspond to the service flows of interest, and may provide this information to a session management function, SMF, to further send corresponding one or more N4 rules to the user plane function, UPF.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive a power reporting policy from a network node. The power reporting policy may include one or more triggers associated with sending a power status report. The WTRU may determine that a trigger of the one or more triggers associated with sending the power status report has been satisfied. The WTRU may send the power status report to the network node in accordance with the power reporting policy. The power status report may include power status information associated with the WTRU and/or an indication that indicates the determined trigger to send the power status report.

Abstract: Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products relating to linked QoS flow (LQF) configuration and/or operation. A method may include receiving LQF configuration information indicating any of (1) one or more QoS flows (2) a mutually exclusive indication indicating that the QoS flows are used mutually exclusively, (3) an identifier associated with a LQF group comprising the QoS flows. The method may include setting up the QoS flows based on the LQF configuration information, receiving a data unit comprising an urgency indicator indicating an urgency associated with the data unit and a QoS flow in the LQF group, selecting an active LQF based on the urgency indicator, and transmitting the data unit over the active LQF.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed herein for a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) and/or a network. A WTRU may include a processor configured to detect a request to create a service association (SA). The request may indicate a coherent resource and/or indicate policy information associated with creating a coherent resource policy. The WTRU may generate the coherent resource policy based on the coherent resource and the policy information. The WTRU may generate an SA create message. The SA create message may include an indication of the coherent resource and the coherent resource policy. The WTRU may send the SA create message to a network node. The SA create message may indicate a request to create the SA based on the coherent resource and/or the coherent resource policy. The WTRU may receive an SA create response message from the network node.

Abstract: A method performed by a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) for secure policy provisioning includes receiving a network message including new policy information, a first policy message authentication code (MAC) generated by a network (P-MAC-N), and a policy protection counter (PPC). The WTRU generates a second policy MAC using a security key shared with the network, the new policy information, and the PPC, and verifies the integrity of the network message by determining that the P-MAC-N matches the second policy MAC. After the verification, the WTRU updates the previous policy information of the WTRU using the new policy information based on the match of the P-MAC-N and the second policy MAC.

Abstract: A procedure is provided on how a target WTRU and LMF negotiate for supported WTRU initiated positioning method, and how the target WTRU discovers reference WTRUs for SL positioning and perform proper SL positioning with multiple reference WTRUs. A procedure is provided on how to perform SL positioning between target WTRU and reference WTRUs in coordination with LMF. The proper SL positioning method may be updated when the available number of reference WTRUs change. Each WTRU positioning method needs a different number of reference WTRUs for SL positioning. As the WTRU moves around, there may not be enough reference WTRUs available for SL positioning. A negotiation may be considered between the WTRU and network for a positioning method to be employed. When certain WTRU positioning methods are not possible, the requested positioning method may be updated to one or more other available positioning methods.