Abstract: The present disclosure describes melamine laminate products capable of retaining a wood stain or colorant. The unique melamine formulations and products include porosity-promoting agents that result in the melamine having a porous surface capable of being stained with a wood stain or other colorant, while still having the favorable properties of traditional laminate products. The methods of the invention produce a melamine laminate product that can be stained with a variety of stains and colorants after manufacturing to suit the individual builder's or homeowner's preference. The stainable melamine laminate products may include a decorative paper layer sandwiched between a backing layer and a melamine layer embedded with a porosity agent, such as, silica, wax, mica, calcium carbonate, silane, kaolin clay, crystalline silica, corn starch, feldspar, talc, or combinations thereof. The stainable melamine layer optionally has a textured top surface.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes thermoformable sheets capable of retaining an absorbing stain, pigmented sealer or clear sealer. The unique resin binder formulations and products include porosity-promoting agents that result in the resin binder having a porous surface capable of being stained, while still having the favorable properties of traditional Thermofoil products. The methods of the invention produce a Thermofoil product that can be stained with a variety of stains and colorants after manufacturing to suit the individual builder's or homeowner's preference.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes thermoformable sheets capable of retaining an absorbing stain, pigmented sealer or clear sealer. The unique resin binder formulations and products include porosity-promoting agents that result in the resin binder having a porous surface capable of being stained, while still having the favorable properties of traditional Thermofoil products. The methods of the invention produce a Thermofoil product that can be stained with a variety of stains and colorants after manufacturing to suit the individual builder's or homeowner's preference.

Abstract: Methods of preparing porous wood products for painting or finishing are described. The methods comprise applying to a porous wood product a UV-curable coating and curing by UV light the top UV curable coating to 70% to 95% cure, preferably 85% to 95% for spray-applied top UV curable coatings to produce a partially cured porous wood product. The methods typically further include the step of sanding the surface of the partially cured porous wood product and painting or staining, for example with a water-based or solvent-based stain or paint.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes laminate products capable of retaining a wood stain or colorant. The unique resin binder formulations, preferably a melamine formulation, and products include porosity-promoting agents that result in the resin binder layer having a porous surface capable of being stained with a wood stain or other colorant, while still having the favorable properties of traditional laminate products. The methods of the invention produce a laminate product that can be stained with a variety of stains and colorants after manufacturing to suit the individual builder's or homeowner's preference. The stainable laminate products may include a decorative paper layer sandwiched between a backing layer and a resin binder layer embedded with a porosity agent, such as, silica, wax, mica, calcium carbonate, silane, kaolin clay, crystalline silica, corn starch, feldspar, talc, or combinations thereof. The stainable resin binder layer optionally has a textured top surface.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes laminate wood or wood products capable of retaining a wood stain or colorant. The unique resin binder formulations and products include porosity-promoting agents that result in the resin binder having a porous surface capable of being stained with a wood stain or other colorant, while still having the favorable properties of traditional laminate products. The methods of the invention produce a laminate wood or wood product that can be stained with a variety of stains and colorants after manufacturing to suit the individual builder's or homeowner's preference. The stainable laminate products may include a decorative paper layer sandwiched between a backing layer and a resin binder layer embedded with a porosity agent, such as, silica, wax, mica, calcium carbonate, silane, kaolin clay, crystalline silica, corn starch, feldspar, talc, or combinations thereof. The stainable resin binder layer optionally has a textured top surface.

Abstract: A mechanical bioreactor for transferring vibrations to cell cultures for the purpose of stimulating various biological processes across a relatively large (relative to the amplitude of the vibrations) sample receiving surface. This bioreactor allows multiple samples to receive identical stimulation, which may enable the process to be significantly scaled up. The invention may be particularly applicable to nanoscale vibration amplitudes, where it is non-trivial to design a device that performs this function, because many materials exhibit natural deformation on a scale that would mask or inhibit transfer of nanoscale vibration energy.

Abstract: Methods of preparing porous wood products for painting or finishing are described. The methods comprise applying to a porous wood product a UV-curable coating and curing by UV light the top UV curable coating to 70% to 95% cure, preferably 85% to 95% for spray-applied top UV curable coatings to produce a partially cured porous wood product. The methods typically further include the step of sanding the surface of the partially cured porous wood product and painting or staining, for example with a water-based or solvent-based stain or paint.

Abstract: Methods of sealing porous panel products and finishing the sealed porous panel products are described. The methods comprise applying to a porous panel product at least one UV curable coating and curing by UV light the at least one UV curable coating to 50% to 100% cure to produce a sealed porous panel product. The methods further modifying the surface of the sealed porous panel product, for example by etching or embossing, after which the sealed porous panel product may be stained. Due to the claimed process of sealing the porous panel product, any strain may be used, such as water-based or solvent-based stains.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes melamine laminate products capable of retaining a wood stain or colorant. The unique melamine formulations and products include porosity-promoting agents that result in the melamine having a porous surface capable of being stained with a wood stain or other colorant, while still having the favorable properties of traditional laminate products. The methods of the invention produce a melamine laminate product that can be stained with a variety of stains and colorants after manufacturing to suit the individual builder's or homeowner's preference. The stainable melamine laminate products may include a decorative paper layer sandwiched between a backing layer and a melamine layer embedded with a porosity agent, such as, silica, wax, mica, calcium carbonate, silane, kaolin clay, crystalline silica, corn starch, feldspar, talc, or combinations thereof. The stainable melamine layer optionally has a textured top surface.

Abstract: Methods of sealing porous panel products and finishing the sealed porous panel products are described. The methods comprise applying to a porous panel product at least one UV curable coating and curing by UV light the at least one UV curable coating to 50% to 100% cure to produce a sealed porous panel product. The methods further modifying the surface of the sealed porous panel product, for example by etching or embossing, after which the sealed porous panel product may be stained. Due to the claimed process of sealing the porous panel product, any strain may be used, such as water-based or solvent-based stains.

Abstract: Quantum dots having ligands that comprise tiopronin capping groups are disclosed, along with a method for their preparation. The biocompatibility of these quantum dots is also demonstrated. The functionalization of the quantum dots of the present invention with targeting groups is also described using the example of a translocation peptide that allows the quantum dots to penetrate into the nucleus of cells.