Abstract: An LED illumination module is described, where a row of LED elements (1) is arranged via a substrate (16) on a secondary cooling element (2). The secondary cooling element (2) can consist of a first material layer (16, 17) of copper and a second material layer (18) of aluminium. In such material combinations, phononic refraction leads to a good lateral heat distribution, which improves the heat flow and reduces temperature gradients. Alternatively or in addition thereto, the secondary cooling element (2) can be equipped with heat pipes. The LED elements (1) are electrically contacted by means of a current supply member (21) arranged at a distance from the substrate (16).

Abstract: An LED illumination module is described, where a row of LED elements (1) is arranged via a substrate (16) on a secondary cooling element (2). The secondary cooling element (2) can consist of a first material layer (16, 17) of copper and a second material layer (18) of aluminium. In such material combinations, phononic refraction leads to a good lateral heat distribution, which improves the heat flow and reduces temperature gradients. Alternatively or in addition thereto, the secondary cooling element (2) can be equipped with heat pipes. The LED elements (1) are electrically contacted by means of a current supply member (21) arranged at a distance from the substrate (16).

Abstract: A solid state layer includes a rod-like laser crystal which is stimulated by two transversally pumped light beams along at least a portion of the length of the crystal. This causes the light beam along the axis of the laser crystal to be modulated in its intensity so that in the axis direction, areas of high and relatively low energy density are created. Alteratively, a single transversally coupled light beam pump which includes a frequency doubling crystal is utilized instead of two separate pump light beams.