Abstract: In some embodiments, devices for use as blood-brain barrier models are disclosed. The devices may include either a hydrogel component that surrounds a channel formed between a first opening and a second opening of the hydrogel component, or a hydrogel component that forms a groove. The devices may further include pericytes disposed in the channel or the groove, and endothelial cells may be disposed in the channel or the groove. The hydrogel component may include astrocytes (e.g., printed into the hydrogel component via projection stereolithography). Also disclosed are various methods of making and using these devices.