Abstract: A battery plate having a substrate with opposing surfaces and one or more nonplanar structures and one or more active materials disposed on at least one of the opposing surfaces; wherein the battery plate includes one or more of: i) one or more projections disposed within but do not extend beyond the active material; ii) one or more projections which project beyond the active material and substantially free of the active material or dust formed from the active material; and/or iii) a frame about the periphery of the substrate which projects beyond the active material and is substantially free of the active material or dust formed from the active material; and wherein the battery plate is adapted to form part of one or more electrochemical cells in a battery assembly.

Abstract: A battery plate having a substrate with opposing surfaces and one or more nonplanar structures and one or more active materials disposed on at least one of the opposing surfaces; wherein the battery plate includes one or more of: i) one or more projections disposed within but do not extend beyond the active material; ii) one or more projections which project beyond the active material and substantially free of the active material or dust formed from the active material; and/or iii) a frame about the periphery of the substrate which projects beyond the active material and is substantially free of the active material or dust formed from the active material; and wherein the battery plate is adapted to form part of one or more electrochemical cells in a battery assembly.

Abstract: A battery plate having a substrate with opposing surfaces and one or more nonplanar structures and one or more active materials disposed on at least one of the opposing surfaces; wherein the battery plate includes one or more of: i) one or more projections disposed within but do not extend beyond the active material; ii) one or more projections which project beyond the active material and substantially free of the active material or dust formed from the active material; and/or iii) a frame about the periphery of the substrate which projects beyond the active material and is substantially free of the active material or dust formed from the active material; and wherein the battery plate is adapted to form part of one or more electrochemical cells in a battery assembly.

Abstract: A bipolar battery assembly having: a) a plurality of electrode plates stacked together to form an electrode plate stack; b) a liquid electrolyte located between each pair of the electrode plates; and c) one or more channels passing transversely through the plurality of electrode plates and the liquid electrolyte; and wherein the one or more channels include one or more seals therein to seal the one or more channels from the liquid electrolyte.

Abstract: A battery assembly including: a) one or more stacks of a plurality of electrode plates comprising one or more bipolar plates having a substrate with an anode on one surface and a cathode on an opposing surface; b) a separator and an electrolyte located between adjacent pairs of the electrode plates of the one or more stacks; c) one or more terminal covers located adjacent to the plurality of electrode plates; and d) one or more terminals which are in contact with one or more current conductors, current collectors, or both and the one or more terminals are configured to transmit electrical current from the battery assembly to an exterior load; and wherein the one or more terminals pass through the one or more terminal covers such that the one or more terminals are exposed outside of the battery assembly.

Abstract: A battery plate having a substrate with opposing surfaces and one or more nonplanar structures and one or more active materials disposed on at least one of the opposing surfaces; wherein the battery plate includes one or more of: i) one or more projections disposed within but do not extend beyond the active material; ii) one or more projections which project beyond the active material and substantially free of the active material or dust formed from the active material; and/or iii) a frame about the periphery of the substrate which projects beyond the active material and is substantially free of the active material or dust formed from the active material; and wherein the battery plate is adapted to form part of one or more electrochemical cells in a battery assembly.