Abstract: A compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or composition thereof for the treatment of a host infected with or exposed to a virus of the Paramyxoviridae or Orthomyxoviridae family, or other disorders, in particular respiratory syncytial virus, more fully described herein.

Abstract: A compound of the structure: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or composition thereof for the treatment of a host infected with or exposed to an HCV virus or other disorders more fully described herein.

Abstract: Embodiments of methods and systems for single parameter segmentation of images are presented. In an embodiment, a method includes assigning a first label to a first pixel in an image. The method may also include measuring a characteristic of a first pixel. Additionally, the method may include measuring the characteristic of a second pixel, the second pixel being adjacent to the first pixel in the image. Also, the method may include assigning the first label to the second pixel in response to a determination that the characteristic of the second pixel has a measured value above a similarity threshold value. The method may further include assigning a second label to the second pixel in response to a determination that the measured value of the characteristic of the second pixel is below the similarity threshold value.

Abstract: A compound of the structure: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or composition thereof for the treatment of a host infected with or exposed to an HCV virus or other disorders more fully described herein.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of administering a 5,5-fused heteroarylene hepatitis C virus inhibitor compound or an isotopic variant thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof; for treating or preventing hepatitis C virus infection in a subject.

Abstract: Provided herein are macrocyclic serine protease inhibitor compounds, for example, of Formula I, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds, and processes of preparation thereof. Also provided are methods of their use for the treatment of an HCV infection in a host in need thereof.

Abstract: A process is provided for the preparation of a key intermediate in the preparation of 2?-branched nucleoside compounds. The process includes contacting a protected precursor 3,4-O-isopropylidene-2-C-substituted-D-arabinono-1,5-lactone with a fluorinating agent under anhydrous conditions and converting the precursor into a protected 2-deoxy-2-halo-2-C-disubstituted ribono-1,5-lactone and optionally into a 2-deoxy-2-halo-2-C-disubstituted ribono-1,4-lactone.

Abstract: An industrially scalable two-step process for preparing a ?-L-2?-deoxy-nucleoside that results in a predominance of the ?- over the ?-anomeric form of the compound is described. An optional third step may be used to prepare 3?-prodrugs of desirable ?-L-2?-deoxy-nucleosides for the delivery of these pharmaceuticals effective for treating viral diseases. The synthetic process is applicable in particular to the formation of ?-L-2?-deoxy-cytidine, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof. The process can provide a relatively uncontaminated product that may require no further isolation or purification, thereby making the synthesis easily scalable for industrial manufacture.

Abstract: This invention is in the area of phenylindoles that are useful for the treatment of HIV infection, and, in particular, phenylindoles that exhibit significant activity against resistant strains of HIV. The phenylindoles have at least two substituents other than hydrogen on the benzo ring of the indole function, preferably at the 4? and 5?, 5? and 6? or the 5? and 7? positions, optionally in combination with disubstitution at positions 3? and 5? on the phenyl ring of the compound, and carboxamide containing moieties at position-2 on the indole group of the compound. Methyl is a preferred group for substitution on the phenyl ring. Preferred substituents for the benzo ring of the indole function include but are not limited to chlorine, fluorine, bromine, iodine, CF3, methoxy, CN, and NO2.

Abstract: A process is provided for the preparation of a key intermediate in the preparation of 2?-branched nucleoside compounds. The process includes contacting a protected precursor 3,4-O-isopropylidene-2-C-substituted-D-arabinono-1,5-lactone with a fluorinating agent under anhydrous conditions and converting the precursor into a protected 2-deoxy-2-halo-2-C-disubstituted ribono-1,5-lactone and optionally into a 2-deoxy-2-halo-2-C-disubstituted ribono-1,4-lactone.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of 2?-modified nucleosides and 2?-deoxy-nucleosides, such as, ?-L-2?-deoxy-thymidine (LdT), is provided. In particular, the improved process is directed to the synthesis of a 2?-deoxynucleoside that may utilize different starting materials but that proceeds via a chloro-sugar intermediate or via a 2,2?-anhydro-1-furanosyl-nucleobase intermediate. Where an 2,2?-anhydro-1-furanosyl base intermediate is utilized, a reducing agent, such as Red-Al, and a sequestering agent, such as 15-crown-5 ether, that cause an intramolecular displacement reaction and formation of the desired nucleoside product in good yields are employed. An alternative process of the present invention utilizes a 2,2?-anhydro-1-furanosyl base intermediate without a sequestering agent to afford 2?-deoxynucleosides in good yields.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved process for preparing ?-D and ?-L 2?-C-methyl-nucleosides and 2?-C-methyl-3?-O-ester nucleosides.

Abstract: Oxo-pyrimidine compounds for the treatment of retroviral infections, and particularly for HIV, are described. Also included are compositions comprising the oxo-pyrimidine derivatives alone or in combination with other anti-retroviral agents, processes for their preparation, and methods of manufacturing a medicament incorporating these compounds.

Abstract: An industrially scalable two-step process for preparing a ?-L-2?-deoxy-nucleoside that results in a predominance of the ?- over the ?-anomeric form of the compound is described. An optional third step may be used to prepare 3?-prodrugs of desirable ?-L-2?-deoxy-nucleosides for the delivery of these pharmaceuticals effective for treating viral diseases. The synthetic process is applicable in particular to the formation of ?-L-2?-deoxy-cytidine, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof. The process can provide a relatively uncontaminated product that may require no further isolation or purification, thereby making the synthesis easily scalable for industrial manufacture.

Abstract: This invention is in the area of phenylindoles that are useful for the treatment of HIV infection, and, in particular, phenylindoles that exhibit significant activity against resistant strains of HIV. The phenylindoles have at least two substituents other than hydrogen on the benzo ring of the indole function, preferably at the 4′ and 5′, 5′ and 6′ or the 5′ and 7′ positions, optionally in combination with disubstitution at positions 3″ and 5″ on the phenyl ring of the compound, and carboxamide containing moieties at position-2 on the indole group of the compound. Methyl is a preferred group for substitution on the phenyl ring. Preferred substituents for the benzo ring of the indole function include but are not limited to chlorine, fluorine, bromine, iodine, CF3, methoxy, CN, and NO2.