Abstract: A drill bit (20, 420, 520, 620, 720, 820, 920, 1020) is provided that includes a connector (32, 232, 532, 632, 732, 832, 932, 1032), which includes a shank (34), configured to receive torque; a proximal electrically-conductive coupler (36, 436, 536, 636, 736, 836, 936, 1036), which is disposed at a distal end (28) of the shank (34), rotationally fixed with respect to the shank (34); and a distal electrically-conductive coupler (38, 238, 438, 538, 838, 738, 838, 938, 1038). The distal electrically-conductive coupler is rotationally fixed with respect to the proximal electrically-conductive coupler, electrically isolated from the proximal electrically-conductive coupler, and shaped so as to define a distal-electrically-conductive external contact surface (62, 862, 962, 1062). The drill bit further includes a drill shaft (30, 130, 230, 330, 430, 830) including an electrically-conductive outer electrode (44) and an electrically-conductive inner electrode (46, 146, 246, 346, 846).

Abstract: A method is provided that includes inserting a stylet into a greater palatine canal of a subject, the stylet including a proximal rod shaft, having a first diameter, and a distal rod shaft, having a second diameter less than the first diameter, such that a region between the proximal rod shaft and the distal rod shaft is shaped so as to define a shoulder. The stylet is advanced through the greater palatine canal until the shoulder reaches an entrance of a greater palatine foramen, thereby preventing insertion of the distal rod shaft into a sphenopalatine fossa of the subject beyond a depth of the greater palatine canal.

Abstract: Apparatus for treating a subject is provided, the apparatus comprising (a) a stimulation device (352), adapted to be implanted in a vicinity of a site selected from the list consisting of: a sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) (52) of the subject and a neural tract originating in or leading to the SPG; and (b) a connecting element (356), coupled to the stimulation device (352), and adapted to be passed through at least a portion of a greater palatine canal (282) of the subject. Also provided is a method for implanting a treatment stimulation device (352) in a vicinity of a site of a subject, the method comprising passing the device (352) through a greater palatine foramen (22) of the subject, and bringing the device (352) into contact with the vicinity of the site, the site selected from the list consisting of: a sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) (52) of the subject and a neural tract originating in or leading to the SPG.

Abstract: Apparatus for treating a subject is provided, the apparatus comprising (a) a stimulation device (352), adapted to be implanted in a vicinity of a site selected from the list consisting of: a sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) (52) of the subject and a neural tract originating in or leading to the SPG; and (b) a connecting element (356), coupled to the stimulation device (352), and adapted to be passed through at least a portion of a greater palatine canal (282) of the subject. Also provided is a method for implanting a treatment stimulation device (352) in a vicinity of a site of a subject, the method comprising passing the device (352) through a greater palatine foramen (22) of the subject, and bringing the device (352) into contact with the vicinity of the site, the site selected from the list consisting of: a sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) (52) of the subject and a neural tract originating in or leading to the SPG.

Abstract: Apparatus for application to a subject is provided, including an elongated support element having a length of between 1.8 cm and 4 cm, and having proximal and distal ends; and one or more electrodes fixed to the support element in a vicinity of the distal end thereof, and adapted to apply an electrical current to a sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) of the subject. The apparatus further includes a receiver, fixed to the support element, and electrically coupled to the electrodes; and a wireless transmitter, adapted to be placed in an oral cavity of the subject, and to be wirelessly coupled to the receiver. Other embodiments are also described.

Abstract: A method is provided including identifying that a subject has suffered a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and treating a complication of the SAH by stimulating at least one site of the subject in conjunction with treating the SAH, the site selected from the group consisting of: a sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG), a greater palatine nerve, a lesser palatine nerve, a sphenopalatine nerve, a communicating branch between a maxillary nerve and an SPG, an otic ganglion, an afferent fiber going into the otic ganglion, an efferent fiber going out of the otic ganglion, an infraorbital nerve, a vidian nerve, a greater superficial petrosal nerve, and a lesser deep petrosal nerve.

Abstract: Apparatus for application to a subject is provided, including an elongated support element having a length of between 1.8 cm and 4 cm, and having proximal and distal ends; and one or more electrodes fixed to the support element in a vicinity of the distal end thereof, and adapted to apply an electrical current to a sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) of the subject. The apparatus further includes a receiver, fixed to the support element, and electrically coupled to the electrodes; and a wireless transmitter, adapted to be placed in an oral cavity of the subject, and to be wirelessly coupled to the receiver. Other embodiments are also described.

Abstract: Apparatus for treating a subject is provided, the apparatus comprising (a) a stimulation device (352), adapted to be implanted in a vicinity of a site selected from the list consisting of: a sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) (52) of the subject and a neural tract originating in or leading to the SPG; and (b) a connecting element (356), coupled to the stimulation device (352), and adapted to be passed through at least a portion of a greater palatine canal (282) of the subject. Also provided is a method for implanting a treatment stimulation device (352) in a vicinity of a site of a subject, the method comprising passing the device (352) through a greater palatine foramen (22) of the subject, and bringing the device (352) into contact with the vicinity of the site, the site selected from the list consisting of: a sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) (52) of the subject and a neural tract originating in or leading to the SPG.