Abstract: The present invention provides compounds represented by formula I: wherein, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13 and X are as defined in the specification, in all its stereoisomeric and tautomeric forms and mixtures thereof in all ratios, and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceutically acceptable solvates, pharmaceutically acceptable polymorphs and prodrugs. These compounds are useful for treatment of inflammatory disorders including those caused by elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF-? and/or interleukins (IL-1?, IL-6, IL-8). The invention also relates to processes for the manufacture of compounds of formula 1 and pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel herbal composition comprising an extract of flowering and fruiting heads of the plant, Sphaeranthus indicus. The said extract of Sphaeranthus indicus contains a compound, 3a-hydroxy-5a,9-dimethyl-3-methylene-3a,4,5,5a,6,7,8,9b-octahydro-3H-naphtho[1,2-b]furan-2-one (7-Hydroxy-4,11(13)-eudesmadien-12,6-olide) (compound 1), as a bioactive marker. The invention also relates to a composition comprising 3a-hydroxy-5a,9-dimethyl-3-methylene-3a,4,5,5a,6,7,8,9b-octahydro-3H-naphtho[1,2-b]furan-2-one (compound 1) as an active ingredient. The invention also relates to methods of manufacture of the said compositions. The invention also relates to methods of administration of the said compositions to a subject in need of treatment for an inflammatory disorder. The invention also relates to tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-?) and interleukin (IL-1, IL-6, IL-8) inhibitory activity of the said compositions.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds represented by formula 1: wherein, R1 R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13 and X are as defined in the specification, in all its stereoisomeric and tautomeric forms and mixtures thereof in all ratios, and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceutically acceptable solvates, pharmaceutically acceptable polymorphs and prodrugs. These compounds are useful for treatment of inflammatory disorders including those caused by elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF-? and/or interleukins (IL-1?, IL-6, IL-8). The invention also relates to processes for the manufacture of compounds of formula 1 and pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for evaluating a test compound for antithrombotic activity, thrombolytic activity, or a combination thereof. This method can include providing or employing a donor test animal and a recipient test animal. The donor and recipient test animals can have been pretreated with test compound. The donor test animal can be configured to provide oxygenated blood to the recipient test animal through a thrombus inducing system. This method also includes initiating transport of blood from the donor test animal to the recipient test animal through the thrombus inducing system. The method can include interrupting respiration of the recipient test animal and determining the length of time that the recipient test animal survives. In this method, a survival time longer than a predetermined threshold time indicates that the test compound has antithrombotic activity, thrombolytic activity, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel herbal composition comprising an extract of flowering and fruiting heads of the plant, Sphaeranthus indicus. The said extract of Sphaeranthus indicus contains a compound, 3a-hydroxy-5a,9-dimethyl-3-methylene-3a,4,5,5a,6,7,8,9b-octahydro-3H-naphtho[1,2-b]furan-2-one (7-Hydroxy-4,11(13)-eudesmadien-12,6-olide) (compound 1), as a bioactive marker. The invention also relates to a composition comprising 3a-hydroxy-5a,9-dimethyl-3-methylene-3a,4,5,5a,6,7,8,9b-octahydro-3H-naphtho[1,2-b]furan-2-one (compound 1) as an active ingredient. The invention also relates to methods of manufacture of the said compositions. The invention also relates to methods of administration of the said compositions to a subject in need of treatment for an inflammatory disorder. The invention also relates to tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-?) and interleukin (IL-1, IL-6, IL-8) inhibitory activity of the said compositions.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel herbal composition comprising an extract of flowering and fruiting heads of the plant, Sphaeranthus indicus. The said extract of Sphaeranthus indicus contains a compound, 3a-hydroxy-5a,9-dimethyl-3-methylene-3a,4,5,5a,6,7,8,9b-octahydro-3H-naphtho[1,2-b]furan-2-one (7-Hydroxy-4,11(13)-eudesmadien-12,6-olide) (compound 1), as a bioactive marker. The invention also relates to a composition comprising 3a-hydroxy-5a,9-dimethyl-3-methylene-3a,4,5,5a,6,7,8,9b-octahydro-3H-naphtho[1,2-b]furan-2-one (compound 1) as an active ingredient. The invention also relates to methods of manufacture of the said compositions. The invention also relates to methods of administration of the said compositions to a subject in need of treatment for an inflammatory disorder. The invention also relates to tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-?) and interleukin (IL-1, IL-6, IL-8) inhibitory activity of the said compositions.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel herbal composition comprising an extract of flowering and fruiting heads of the plant, Sphaeranthus indicus. The said extract of Sphaeranthus indicus contains a compound, 3a-hydroxy-5a,9-dimethyl-3-methylene-3a,4,5,5a,6,7,8,9b-octahydro-3H-naphtho[1,2-b]furan-2-one (7-Hydroxy-4,11(13)-eudesmadien-12,6-olide) (compound 1), as a bioactive marker. The invention also relates to a composition comprising 3a-hydroxy-5a,9-dimethyl-3-methylene-3a,4,5,5a,6,7,8,9b-octahydro-3H-naphtho[1,2-b]furan-2-one (compound 1) as an active ingredient. The invention also relates to methods of manufacture of the said compositions. The invention also relates to methods of administration of the said compositions to a subject in need of treatment for an inflammatory disorder. The invention also relates to tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-?) and interleukin (IL-1, IL-6, IL-8) inhibitory activity of the said compositions.