Abstract: A method (200) for facilitating detection of jamming signals on the Physical layer of a communication network is disclosed. The method is performed by a first node of the communication network and comprises receiving, from each of a plurality of second nodes, a value of at least one parameter characterizing the respective second node (210), and obtaining measurement data of radio signals in a coverage area of the first node (220). The method further comprises determining, from at least the received parameter values, a number of source ML models to be trained to detect jamming signals (230), and training the determined number of source ML models using the obtained measurement data of radio signals in a coverage area of the first node (240).

Abstract: A method performed by a user equipment (UE) is provided. The method comprises sending, in response to a request from a network node, information associated with one or more machine-learning (ML) models operable by the UE; and receiving, from a network node, a representation of at least one modification of one or more variables associated with at least one ML model of the one or more ML models. The one or more variables are based on the information associated with the one or more ML models, and the at least one modification of the one or more variables facilitates at least partially correcting or preventing performance degradations of the at least one ML model.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods, apparatuses, and systems for using Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) in cellular networks. In one aspect, a method is performed by a first node. The method includes sending, to a second node, a first message that indicates a request to update or reconfigure a functionality in the first node related to an ML-model or another functionality in which the ML-model is a part. The method further includes receiving, from the second node, a second message responsive to the first message, and performing an update of the functionality related to the ML-model based on the second message.

Abstract: Methods and systems are described for a user equipment (UE) to monitor, detect problems or failures, and perform resolution actions in a machine learning (ML) model. Configurations or parameters for the monitoring, detecting, and/or resolving can be provided by a network node. The UE can perform one or more resolution actions that can be said to be autonomous actions, as they are triggered by the detection of the ML model problem, not in response to a network command or message received after the ML model problem is detected.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a method performed by a user equipment (UE) for reporting the performance of at least one machine-learning (ML) model to a cellular telecommunications network. Some exemplary embodiments include the UE utilizing at least one ML model, generating one or more reports or reportable information of a performance of the at least one ML model, and reporting the one or more reports or reportable information to a network. Associated devices and systems are also provided herein.

Abstract: A method performed by a user equipment (UE) for detecting performance degradation for machine learning (ML)-model performance of the UE is provided. The method comprises sending, to a network node, at least one ML-model output; and sending, to the network node, communication information, wherein the communication information is associated with communication performance of the UE. The at least one ML-model output and the communication information associated with communication performance of the UE facilitate determination of a cause of degraded performance of the UE including at least one of a cause related to the ML model or a cause unrelated to the ML model.

Abstract: A method (1100) by a radio node (110, 210, 310) includes transmitting (1102), to another radio node (120, 220, 320), information indicating an activation or a deactivation of one or more AI and/or ML models at the radio node. For example, the radio node may include a UE and the other radio node may include a base station such that the base station is able to inform and/or suggest modifications in the node configurations to enhance communication performance and model selection at the UE.

Abstract: This document discloses a solution for decoding frames received via multiple links. According to an aspect, a method for an apparatus of a wireless network includes: decoding at least a first part of a first frame received on a first channel; detecting, during said decoding the first part of the first frame, transmission of a second frame on a second channel; in response to said detecting, buffering at least a first part of the second frame, the first part of the second frame including duration information; after said decoding the first part of the first frame, decoding at least the first part of the second frame; updating, on the basis of the duration information, channel occupation information of the second channel; starting, based at least partly on the channel occupation information of the second channel indicating that the second channel not occupied, contention for channel access on the second channel.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method, comprising: receiving from a first wireless device a first transmission comprising information on beamforming and/or null steering for a second transmission from the first wireless device, and controlling a third transmission from a second wireless device to a third wireless device during the second transmission on the basis of the information on beamforming and/or null steering.

Abstract: A system in wireless network including an Access Point utilizing at least an unlicensed first wireless interface; a Station utilizing at least a first unlicensed wireless interface, transmitting in uplink to the AP; Said at least one STA further includes a secondary wireless interface different from the first unlicensed wireless interface, said STA is configured to, determine that transmission of a message be in a secondary wireless interface of the STA when it is utilized for Reliable and Low Latency Communication RLLC data transmission, generate a message and then transmit the message to a serving AP. Said AP is configured to, when receiving the message from the STA, determine whether information will be generated based on the message received from the STA, generate at least scheduling information and transmit the generated information to the STA.

Abstract: This document discloses a solution for enabling spatial cooperation in a hidden node scenario. According to an aspect, a method comprises: detecting, by a station of a first wireless network managed by a first access node, that a second access node of a second wireless network is hidden to the first access node; in response to the detecting, transmitting by the station a spatial cooperation request message to the second access node; receiving, by the station from the second access node as a response to the spatial cooperation request message, a spatial cooperation response message comprising at least one information element acknowledging spatial cooperation; after receiving the spatial cooperation response message, receiving by the station a frame from the first access node while the second access node is transmitting another frame and while null steering is performed between the apparatus and the second access node.

Abstract: Method for channel contention and data frame transmission in a wireless network.

Abstract: This document discloses a solution for performing internetwork beamforming cooperation. According to an aspect, a method comprises: establishing, by a first access node (112) of a first wireless network, internetwork beamforming with a second access node (110) of a second wireless network, wherein the establishment indicates at least one station (102) of the second wireless network; in response to said establishing, transmitting by the first access node (112) a channel sounding signal; receiving, by the first access node (112) from the at least one station (102) of the second wireless network, a beamforming report comprising channel state information measured from the channel sounding signal; and performing, by the first access node (112), null steering beamforming transmission in the first wireless network on the basis of the received channel state information.

Abstract: The present embodiments generally describe a monolithic, e.g., integral, box unit and methods of manufacturing monolithic box units. The monolithic box unit has a ring portion and a body portion, both of which are molded and set simultaneously. The method proceeds with filling a female oriented cavity with a Polymer mixture, allowing both the ring portion and body portion to fill and cure at the same time. Once ejected from the cavity, the entire unit can be trimmed and then add hardware and cover to complete the box.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method, including receiving, by a wireless device of a first wireless network, a control request frame from a second access node of a second wireless network, the control request frame including at least a number of nulls for the wireless device. The wireless device selects a subset of antenna elements, wherein the number of antenna elements is in accordance with the number of nulls for the wireless device, and the antenna elements are selected based on reception powers of antenna elements of at least a frame from a first access node of the first wireless network and/or the second access node of the second wireless network. The wireless device transmits a control response frame with the selected antenna elements, and a data frame to the first access node with the selected antenna elements.

Abstract: A smokable and edible material usable in a shisha device and method of making the same. The method includes providing fresh hemp leaf material. Shredding the hemp leaf material into pieces having a maximum length of ½-2? and preferably 1-2? in length. The width is preferably between 0.25 and 1?. Next the method rinses the shredded hemp leaf material to remove chlorophyll, water soluble impurities including heavy metals, pesticides and natural residues. This may include 3-6 washes of warm water (up to 212° F.). In a preferred embodiment there is no need for an ethanol bath to remove crystallized cannabinoids because the leaf material does not typically express crystallized cannabinoids. The step of drying follows immediately after rinsing. Drying includes pressing and fluffing the hemp leaf material then drying in a dehydrator.

Abstract: The present embodiments generally describe a monolithic, e.g., integral, box unit and methods of manufacturing monolithic box units. The monolithic box unit has a ring portion and a body portion, both of which are molded and set simultaneously. The method proceeds with filling a female oriented cavity with a Polymer mixture, allowing both the ring portion and body portion to fill and cure at the same time. Once ejected from the cavity, the entire unit can be trimmed and then add hardware and cover to complete the box.

Abstract: A modular enclosure system and method for repair of one or more leaks in a pipe. The modular enclosure system including a first enclosure portion configured to be disposed in a mated configuration to create a first enclosure around the pipe. Each enclosure includes a first void section configured to enclose a pipe section of the pipe. Sealant grooves extend along enclosure faces of each enclosure to seal the modular enclosure system. Each enclosure includes a sealant control system having a plurality of blocking members and configured to selectively block sealant injected in the sealant grooves. Each of the blocking members are positionable between a blocking position configured to block sealant flow in at least one of the sealant grooves and a non-blocking position.

Abstract: Method for channel contention and data frame transmission in a wireless network.