Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods for the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide. In one non-limiting exemplary embodiment, the presently disclosed subject matter provides a method for the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to form syngas that includes contacting a feedstream that contains hydrogen and carbon dioxide with a catalyst at a temperature of about 650° C. in an Inconel alloy reactor to produce a syngas mixture that includes hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

Abstract: Methods and systems for converting methane to syngas are provided. Certain exemplary methods and systems involve reacting methane and carbon dioxide with a nickel oxide catalyst in a reaction chamber, thereby providing syngas and a reduced nickel species. The reduced nickel species can be regenerated by oxidation with air in a regeneration chamber, thereby generating a regenerated nickel oxide and heat. The regenerated nickel oxide and heat can be returned to the reaction chamber to drive the syngas reaction.

Abstract: Systems and processes for generating polyethylene are provided. A process includes performing a first reaction with methane and oxygen to produce a first product; performing a second reaction with the first product to produce a second product; separating components from the second product; returning ethane from the second product and performing a reaction simultaneous to the first reaction; performing a third reaction to produce a third product including polyethylene and vented methane; and returning the vented methane to a feed to the first reaction.

Abstract: Processes for converting methane into an olefin and methanol are provided. The olefin can be ethylene. Certain exemplary processes can involve parallel use of both steam reforming of methane and oxidative dry reforming of methane to prepare syngas. The processes can further involve conversion of syngas to ethylene and to methanol.

Abstract: Processes for conversion of methane and ethane into syngas and ethylene are provided. An exemplary process can include providing a reaction mixture of methane, ethane, oxygen, and carbon dioxide and contacting the reaction mixture with a catalyst that includes at least one metal oxide. The processes can be combined processes in which oxidative dry reforming of methane and dehydrogenation of ethane to ethylene with carbon dioxide and oxygen occur concurrently.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for production of ethylene by an oxidative coupling of methane process in the presence of a catalytic material. Heat generated from the oxidative coupling of methane can be transferred to an inert material in an amount sufficient to reduce thermal deactivation of the catalytic material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for production of synthesis gas and ethylene by a combined oxidative coupling and dry reforming of methane process. Heat generated from the oxidative coupling of methane can be used to drive the endothermic dry reforming of methane reaction.

Abstract: A method for producing ethylbenzene (EB) comprising introducing to an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reactor an OCM reactant mixture comprising CH4 and O2; allowing the OCM reactant mixture to react via OCM reaction to form an OCM product mixture comprising C2H4, C2H6, water, CO, CO2 and unreacted methane; separating the water and optionally CO and/or CO2 from the OCM product mixture to yield an EB reactant mixture comprising C2H4, C2H6, unreacted methane, and optionally CO and/or CO2; (d) introducing benzene and an EB reactant mixture to an EB reactor; allowing benzene to react in a liquid phase with the ethylene of the EB reactant mixture to form EB; recovering from the EB reactor an EB product mixture comprising EB and unreacted benzene, and an unreacted alkanes mixture comprising C2H6 and unreacted methane, and optionally CO and/or CO2; and optionally recycling the unreacted alkanes mixture to the OCM reactor.

Abstract: Techniques for synthesizing methanol are provided. In an exemplary embodiment, the processes include obtaining a syngas mixture from an integrated carbon dioxide hydrogenation process and a methane steam reforming process, and contacting the syngas mixture with a methanol catalyst to obtain a product stream comprising methanol.

Abstract: A method for producing olefins and methanol comprising introducing a first reactant mixture comprising CH4 and O2 to a first reaction zone; allowing the first reactant mixture to react via an OCM reaction to form a first product mixture characterized by a first H2/CO molar ratio; introducing a second reactant mixture comprising the first product mixture and an ethane stream to a second reaction zone, wherein ethane of the second reactant mixture undergoes a cracking reaction to produce ethylene; recovering a second product mixture from the second reaction zone, wherein the second product mixture is characterized by a second H2/CO molar ratio, and wherein the second H2/CO molar ratio is greater than the first H2/CO molar ratio; recovering from the second product mixture a methanol production feed stream comprising methane, H2 and CO; and introducing the methanol production feed stream to a third reaction zone to produce methanol.

Abstract: Disclosed are metal oxide catalysts, and methods for their use, that includes a bulk metal oxide catalyst composed of at least two metals and nesosilicate. The catalyst is capable of catalyzing the carbon dioxide reforming of methane to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

Abstract: An oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) catalyst composition comprising one or more oxides doped with Ag; wherein one or more oxides comprises a single metal oxide, mixtures of single metal oxides, a mixed metal oxide, mixtures of mixed metal oxides, or combinations thereof; and wherein one or more oxides is not La2O3 alone. A method of making an OCM catalyst composition comprising calcining one or more oxides and/or oxide precursors to form one or more calcined oxides, wherein the one or more oxides comprises a single metal oxide, mixtures of single metal oxides, a mixed metal oxide, mixtures of mixed metal oxides, or combinations thereof, wherein the one or more oxides is not La2O3 alone, and wherein the oxide precursors comprise oxides, nitrates, carbonates, hydroxides, or combinations thereof; doping the one or more calcined oxides with Ag to form the OCM catalyst composition; and thermally treating the OCM catalyst composition.

Abstract: A method for producing olefins and synthesis gas comprising (a) introducing a reactant mixture to a reactor, wherein the reactant mixture comprises methane (CH4) and oxygen (O2), wherein the reactor is characterized by a reaction temperature of from about 700° C. to about 1,100° C.; (b) allowing at least a portion of the reactant mixture to react via an oxidative coupling of CH4 reaction to form a product mixture, wherein the product mixture comprises primary products and unreacted methane, wherein the primary products comprise C2+ hydrocarbons and synthesis gas, wherein the C2+ hydrocarbons comprise olefins, and wherein a selectivity to primary products is from about 70% to about 99%; and (c) recovering at least a portion of the product mixture from the reactor.

Abstract: A method for producing olefins comprising (a) introducing to an isothermal reactor a reactant mixture comprising CH4 and O2, wherein the reactor comprises a catalyst bed comprising a catalyst, wherein a catalyst bed temperature is 750-1,000° C., and wherein the reactor has a residence time of 1-100 ms; (b) wherein isothermal conditions minimize hot spots in the bed, thereby decreasing deep oxidation reactions; (c) allowing the reactant mixture to contact the catalyst and react via oxidative coupling of CH4 reaction to form a product mixture comprising C2+ hydrocarbons (olefins and paraffins; C2 hydrocarbons and C3 hydrocarbons) and synthesis gas (H2 and CO), wherein the product mixture has an olefin/paraffin molar ratio of from 0.5:1 to 20:1, and wherein the product mixture has a H2/CO molar ratio of from 0.2:1 to 2.5:1; (d) recovering the product mixture from the reactor; and (e) recovering C2 hydrocarbons and/or synthesis gas from the product mixture.

Abstract: A method for producing C2+ hydrocarbons and H2 comprising (a) introducing to a reactor a reactant mixture comprising methane, (b) heating the reactant mixture to a preheating temperature to yield a heated mixture, (c) generating free radicals in the heated mixture to form a primary effluent mixture comprising free radicals, C2+ hydrocarbons, H2, and unreacted methane, (d) reacting the primary effluent mixture in a secondary reaction zone to form a secondary effluent mixture comprising C2+ hydrocarbons, H2, free radicals, and unreacted methane, at a secondary reaction zone temperature that is greater than the preheating temperature, wherein a free radicals amount in the primary effluent mixture is greater than a free radicals amount in the secondary effluent mixture, (e) cooling the secondary effluent mixture to a quench temperature lower than the secondary reaction zone temperature to yield a product mixture comprising C2+ hydrocarbons and H2, and (f) recovering the product mixture.

Abstract: Processes for making a syngas mixture including hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide are provided. In an exemplary embodiment, the processes include contacting a gaseous feed mixture that includes carbon dioxide, hydrogen and methane with a metal oxide catalyst that includes molybdenum and nickel. Catalysts for making a syngas mixture, including molybdenum and nickel are also provided.

Abstract: Techniques for synthesizing methanol are provided. In an exemplary embodiment, the processes include obtaining a syngas mixture from an integrated carbon dioxide hydrogenation process and a methane steam reforming process, and contacting the syngas mixture with a methanol catalyst to obtain a product stream comprising methanol.

Abstract: Systems and processes for generating polyethylene are provided. A process includes performing a first reaction with methane and oxygen to produce a first product; performing a second reaction with the first product to produce a second product; separating components from the second product; returning ethane from the second product and performing a reaction simultaneous to the first reaction; performing a third reaction to produce a third product including polyethylene and vented methane; and returning the vented methane to a feed to the first reaction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a catalyst and process for making syngas mixtures including hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. The process comprises contacting a gaseous feed mixture containing carbon dioxide and hydrogen with the catalyst, where the catalyst comprises Mn oxide and an auxiliary metal oxide selected from the group consisting of La, Ca, K, W, Cu, Al and mixtures or combinations thereof. The process enables hydrogenation of carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide with high selectivity, and good catalyst stability over time and under variations in processing conditions. The process can be applied separately, but can also be integrated with other processes, both up-stream and/or down-stream including methane reforming or other synthesis processes for making products like alkanes, aldehydes, or alcohols.

Abstract: A catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation of organic compounds is provided by forming a solution of catalyst precursor components comprised of Fe+3 and Zn+2 cations and at least one other modifier element cation in water to form an aqueous solution of the catalyst precursor components. The modifier element cation has a standard reduction potential of from greater than about ?2.87 E° (V) to less than about ?0.036 E° (V) with a valence of +2. A base is separately and simultaneously added to the aqueous solution in amounts to maintain the pH of the aqueous solution at a pH of from about 8.5 to about 9.5 as the catalyst precursor components. The catalyst precursor components are allowed to react and precipitate out of solution as a precipitate. The resulting precipitate is calcined to form a modified zinc ferrite catalyst compound.