Abstract: A high early strength admixture for precast hydraulic cement comprises a calcium salt and a copolymer having a carbon-containing backbone to which are attached cement-anchoring members, such as carboxyl groups, and to which are also attached oxyalkylene pendant groups by linkages selected from the group consisting of amide and imide members. The copolymers used are preferably formed by reacting an acrylic polymer with ammonia or an alkoxylated amine. The calcium salt, preferably calcium nitrite, and the copolymer can be added simultaneously as one admixture, or separately. The invention relates also to methods for enhancing high early strength in concrete, cement, masonry, and mortar mixtures generally, and to precast concrete particarly, and also pertains to such hydraulic mixtures containing the calcium salt and copolymer.

Abstract: An improved hydraulic cement and resultant hydraulic cement composition which has an alkyl terminated alkoxy amine derivative of maleic acid based polymer or copolymer uniformly distributed therein.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an imidized polycarboxylic acid polymer useful as a cement admixture, to improved cement compositions containing said polymer and to a process of forming the same.

Abstract: Polymeric additives for hydraulic cement compositions which impart to the wet cement composition greater plasticity, lower slumploss over time, and water reduction capability without the problems of air entrainment associated with prior polymeric additives of this type. The superplasticizers have a carbon backbone formed by polymerization of ethylenically-unsaturated carboxylic acids, the backbone comprising carboxylic acid grafting sites to which are covalently attached a) air detraining functional side chains, which are first polyoxyalkylene groups of the general formulaR.sup.4 --(OA.sup.2).sub.x --Q--whereinQ=O or NH;A.sup.2 =C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkylene;x=1 to 200; andR.sup.4 =C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl, andb) second polyoxyalkylene groups of the general formula R.sup.5 --O--(A.sup.3 O).sub.y --(A.sup.3).sub.p --N.dbd., wherein A.sup.3 =C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkylene; y=1 to 200; p=1 to 50; and R.sup.5 =C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an imidized polycarboxylic acid polymer useful as a cement admixture, to improved cement compositions containing said polymer and to a process of forming the same.

Abstract: Hydraulic cement set-accelerating admixture compositions; cement compositions containing such admixtures; and methods for preparing said cement compositions. The admixture compositions comprise one or more nitroalcohols present in an amount effective to increase the set acceleration of a hydraulic cement composition. The invention further relates to a method of making a hydraulic cement composition comprising adding to a cement composition comprising a hydraulic cement binder, a nitroalcohol component in an amount effective to increase the set-acceleration of the binder, and to a cement composition comprising a hydraulic cement binder and a nitroalcohol set-accelerating agent.

Abstract: A rehabilitative solution for preventing or retarding the spread of corrosion of metal reinforcements in concrete, comprising a) one or more corrosion-inhibiting agent(s) and b) a impregnation-increasing amount of a penetration-enhancing agent selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 to C.sub.20 alcohols; alkali metal salts of gluconic acid; alkyl-substituted benzene compounds; or mixtures thereof, is disclosed, along with several methods of its application for concrete rehabilitation.

Abstract: New set-accelerating admixtures for hydraulic cement compositions are disclosed. These admixtures incorporate known set accelerators and certain low molecular weight glycols, e.g., glycerol and ethylene glycol, are found to be surprisingly effective in decreasing the initial set time of hydraulic cements, mortars, and concretes, and are advantageous as reduced-temperature set-accelerators. Preferred embodiments of the invention may also comprise a component selected from the group consisting of certain alkanolamines and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: New set-accelerating admixtures for hydraulic cement compositions are disclosed. These admixtures incorporate known set accelerators and certain low molecular weight glycols, e.g., glycerol and ethylene glycol, are found to be surprisingly effective in decreasing the initial set time of hydraulic cements, mortars, and concretes, and are advantageous as reduced-temperature set-accelerators.

Abstract: New set-accelerating admixtures for hydraulic cement compositions are disclosed. These admixtures incorporate set-accelerating compounds and methylol derivatives of amino acids, are found to be surprisingly effective in decreasing the initial set time of hydraulic cements, mortars, and concretes, and are particularly advantageous in reduced-temperature set-accelerators.

Abstract: A water-based silicon nitride powder extrusion mixture is prepared. The mixture also contains oleic acid, glycerin, methyl cellulose and a polyacrylic acid-containing polymer. The mixture can be extruded at ambient temperatures. The extrudate can be dried at low temperature and sintered to form a dense silicon nitride part.

Abstract: Hydraulic cement compositions are disclosed containing a hydraulic cement and a graft copolymer, the graft copolymer containing a polyether backbone and side chains prepared by polymerization of an ethylenically unsaturated monomers. The graft copolymer functions as a plasticizer in the cement composition.

Abstract: A method of controlling the level of entrained air in hydraulic cement compositions is disclosed comprising the sequential steps of preparing a hydraulic cement composition in the form of an aqueous slurry containing an air entraining plasticizer and a defoamer, and increasing the air content of the composition by adding to said composition an air entraining agent. This method prevents undesired air entrainment, while allowing controlled amounts of air to be entrained if desired for freeze/thaw durability.

Abstract: An additive combination for hydraulic cement compositions is provided which advantageously provides corrosion inhibition and set acceleration, in combination with a high level of fluidity and retention of fluidity over a desired period of time. The cement additive combination comprises an alkali or alkaline earth metal nitrite and a graft copolymer plasticizer comprising a polyether backbone and side chain polymers formed by polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers.Fluid hydraulic cement compositions are further provided comprising these additive combinations.

Abstract: Hydraulic cement compositions are disclosed containing a hydraulic cement and a graft copolymer, the graft copolymer containing a polyether backbone and side chains prepared by polymerization of an ethylenically unsaturated monomers. The graft copolymer functions as a plasticizer in the cement composition.

Abstract: An improved vesicular matrix prepared by the emulsion polymerization of methacrylonitrile, either alone or with a small amount of comonomer, in the presence of a cationic emulsifier. The resulting polymer or copolymer can be used alone, or the polymer or copolymer may be blended with a small amount of a highly incompatible polymer or copolymer, to provide an improved vesicular matrix.

Abstract: Novel, coatable, highly long-chain branched, ungelled, most preferably endblocked, non-linear phenoxy resins of random structure devoid of regularly recurring units, with the average distance between the branch sites thereof being essentially of the same order of magnitude as the average branch length, such resins advantageously comprising the copolymerization product of:(i) at least one dihydric phenol, e.g., sulfonyl diphenol;(ii) an epoxy comonomer having two epoxy functional groups, e.g., resorcinol diglycidyl ether;(iii) a branching agent comprising an epoxy or phenolic compound having a functionality greater than 2, and preferably at least 3, wherein the amount of branching agent is sufficient to provide at least 10 mole percent branch sites in the polymer resin, and, most preferably;(iv) a monofunctional phenol or epoxide as an endblocker compound.The branched phenoxy resins are well adapted as matrices for enhanced film speed vesicular films.