Abstract: The invention relies on detection of specific identified proteins, protein breakdown products, and peptide fragments, to diagnose and evaluate traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, and any traumatic injury to the CNS in a subject. These analytes (proteins, protein breakdown products thereof, and peptide fragments thereof) are released from injured tissue into blood and/or cerebrospinal fluid, and can be used to identify the central nervous system cell types (i.e. neuron, astrocyte, oligodendrocyte, and the like) or subcellular structure (e.g., axon, dendrites, presynaptic terminal, post-synaptic terminal, and extracellular matrix) affected, and to determine the diagnosis, location, and severity of the injury. Time course measurements of these analytes measured at different times after an injury or suspected injury also are used as tools for diagnosis and prognosis of central nervous system injury.

Abstract: Proteins that are differentially expressed or elevated in tissue and biofluids after central nervous system injuries are described. Elevated or reduced levels of the proteins, alone or in various combinations or ratios, can be used to assess severity of central nervous system injury (CNS injury) including traumatic brain injury (TBI), traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Time course measurements post CNS-injury of these proteins can be used to monitor progress or recovery over periods up to several months. Differentiation of acute, subacute and chronic injury can be diagnosed by comparing the protein levels in CNS-injury patients at days 1-3, day 4-10 with levels at day 30-180 in comparison with normal controls.

Abstract: Proteins that are differentially expressed or elevated in tissue and biofluids after central nervous system injuries are described. Elevated or reduced levels of the proteins, alone or in various combinations or ratios, can be used to assess severity of central nervous system injury (CNS injury) including traumatic brain injury (TBI), traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Time course measurements post CNS-injury of these proteins can be used to monitor progress or recovery over periods up to several months. Differentiation of acute, subacute and chronic injury can be diagnosed by comparing the protein levels in CNS-injury patients at days 1-3, day 4-10 with levels at day 30-180 in comparison with normal controls.