Abstract: An Optical Transport Network (OTN) node, a Software Defined Network (SDN) controller, and a path selection method for selecting in the OTN node or SDN controller a path for an Internet traffic flow with an underlying OTN are provided. The method includes obtaining a plurality of paths for the traffic flow through the OTN; determining a wasted bandwidth for each path, based on an amount of requested bandwidth for the traffic flow; and selecting either no path or one path of the plurality of paths, the selection based on a value of a selection criterion determined for each path of the plurality of paths, the value of the selection criterion based on the wasted bandwidth for the path.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods and systems for creating and managing the accessibility of YANG-related data in YANG Datastore. Received requests for data access to YANG-related data from an application typically includes an owner ID and group ID information of the application. The owner ID is unique and the application ID of its owner application defined by a YANG module. The group ID is created and assigned to a group of applications by the owner application. The owner ID, group ID, and access rights information may be compared with an access modifier table defined by a YANG Datastore Manager. Based on the comparison, the application is allowed to execute the requested data access to the YANG-related data or is provided with an error message indicating the data access is denied.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses methods and architectures for providing improved status reporting communications between management plane and control plane operations in a software-defined networking (SDN) communication system. A user configuration request is received to establish a connection with a server and to implement a configuration change of a network element. An operational ID and a control plane job ID are assigned to the user configuration request. A correlation module correlates the assigned operational ID with the assigned control plane job ID. The control plane is requested to verify the implementation of the user configuration request based on the corresponding control plane operation.

Abstract: The invention provides a micro-organ composite which comprises a core group of cells and an outer layer of cells, wherein the cells of the core group are mesenchymal cells and the cells of the outer layer are epithelial cells or wherein the cells of the core group are epithelial cells and the cells of the outer layer are mesenchymal cells, and wherein the core group of cells is at least partially encapsulated by the outer layer of cells.

Abstract: A method for traffic engineering on an optical transport network, OTN, comprising network elements implementing asymmetric OTN switches, said method comprising discovering by each network element of said network ODUk containers available on each of locally terminated traffic engineering, TE, links and identifying the switching limitations of the discovered ODUk containers with respect to how said ODUk containers are switchable onto the ODUk containers available on other locally terminated TE links; identifying by said network element groups of ODUk containers available on a given TE link exhibiting identical switching limitations; negotiating by said network element with its neighboring network elements properties of to be advertised child TE links each associated with a separate ODUk group; and advertising by said network element for each identified group of ODUk containers a separate child TE link parallel to the original parent TE link, wherein each advertised child TE link indicates the total number of av

Abstract: A method for complementing dynamic resource-level path computation with a resource grouping constraint in a network comprising the steps of deriving a resource group function, RGF, from relationships amongst network resources within at least one network element forming at least one network resource group, NRG, and performing the resource-level path computation accounting for the derived resource group function, RGF.

Abstract: The invention provides a micro-organ composite which comprises a core group of cells and an outer layer of cells, wherein the cells of the core group are mesenchymal cells and the cells of the outer layer are epithelial cells or wherein the cells of the core group are epithelial cells and the cells of the outer layer are mesenchymal cells, and wherein the core group of cells is at least partially encapsulated by the outer layer of cells.

Abstract: A method for complementing dynamic resource-level path computation with a resource grouping constraint in a network comprising the steps of deriving a resource group function, RGF, from relationships amongst network resources within at least one network element forming at least one network resource group, NRG, and performing the resource-level path computation accounting for the derived resource group function, RGF.