Abstract: Provided is a navigation server which informs a user of the meaning of the search result of a route considering a primary event through a navigation client. According to a navigation server 100, it is recognized whether a first index value e1 indicating the degree of influence of a predetermined primary event on the passage along a searched route connecting a present location p1 and a destination point p2 is greater than a first threshold value ?1. When the first index value e1 of the previous searched route R1 is greater than the first threshold value ?1, a route R2 is re-searched to reduce the first index value e1. When the first index value e1 of the search route R1 or R2 is the first threshold value ?1 or less, “confirmation information” indicating as such and the searched route are transmitted to the navigation client 200 and recognized.

Abstract: Provided is a navigation server which informs a user of the meaning of the search result of a route considering a primary event through a navigation client. According to a navigation server 100, it is recognized whether a first index value e1 indicating the degree of influence of a predetermined primary event on the passage along a searched route connecting a present location p1 and a destination point p2 is greater than a first threshold value ?1. When the first index value e1 of the previous searched route R1 is greater than the first threshold value ?1, a route R2 is re-searched to reduce the first index value e1. When the first index value e1 of the search route R1 or R2 is the first threshold value ?1 or less, “confirmation information” indicating as such and the searched route are transmitted to the navigation client 200 and recognized.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a model animal of Parkinson's disease comprising an ?-synuclein gene introduced therein. The present invention provides a transgenic non-human mammal or a portion thereof, wherein an ?-synuclein gene is introduced and the gene is expressed in neurons, and the number of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantial nigra is significantly decreased as compared with that of a wild-type animal.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a model animal of Parkinson's disease comprising an ?-synuclein gene introduced therein. The present invention provides a transgenic non-human mammal or a portion thereof, wherein an ?-synuclein gene is introduced and the gene is expressed in neurons, and the number of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantial nigra is significantly decreased as compared with that of a wild-type animal.