Abstract: An ultrashort light pulse oscillated from an ultrashort pulse oscillator enters a waveguide (2) via a polarization control element (3). After conversion into a supercontinuum by a nonlinear optical effect, it is compressed by a prism pair compressor (71) as pulse compressor (7), and then emitted. The waveguide (2), which is a nonlinear fiber with normal dispersion in the wavelength range from 850 to 1550, generates the supercontinuum having a spectrum continuous in a wavelength band width of at least 200 nm included in the wavelength range from 850 to 1550 nm. The supercontinuum, which has a peak power within 1 to 100 kW, can be used as excitation light in a multiphoton excitation fluorescence microscope for fluorescence observation of biological samples.

Abstract: An ultrashort light pulse oscillated from an ultrashort pulse oscillator enters a waveguide 2 via a polarization control element 3. After conversion into a supercontinuum by a nonlinear optical effect, it is compressed by a prism pair compressor 71 as pulse compressor 7, and then emitted. The waveguide 2, which is a nonlinear fiber with normal dispersion in the wavelength range from 850 to 1550, generates the supercontinuum having a spectrum continuous in a wavelength band width of at least 200 nm included in the wavelength range from 850 to 1550 nm. The supercontinuum, which has a peak power within 1 to 100 kW, can be used as excitation light in a multiphoton excitation fluorescence microscope for fluorescence observation of biological samples.

Abstract: An ultrashort light pulse oscillated from an ultrashort pulse oscillator enters a waveguide (2) via a polarization control element (3). After conversion into a supercontinuum by a nonlinear optical effect, it is compressed by a prism pair compressor (71) as pulse compressor (7), and then emitted. The waveguide (2), which is a nonlinear fiber with normal dispersion in the wavelength range from 850 to 1550, generates the supercontinuum having a spectrum continuous in a wavelength band width of at least 200 nm included in the wavelength range from 850 to 1550 nm. The supercontinuum, which has a peak power within 1 to 100 kW, can be used as excitation light in a multiphoton excitation fluorescence microscope for fluorescence observation of biological samples.

Abstract: A short arc type discharge lamp that includes a body member a light permeable member a pair of an anode and a cathode. The pair of the anode and cathode is arranged with a gap at a focal position of the reflective face. The cathode has a cathode tip portion that is approximately conic and a cathode rod portion. The anode has an anode tip portion that has a tapering portion and a flat tip end portion. Further, an outer diameter of the tip of the anode flat tip end portion is smaller than the outer diameter of the cathode rod portion, and an outer diameter of a back end of the anode tip portion is larger than that of the cathode rod portion.

Abstract: A short arc type discharge lamp that includes a body member a light permeable member a pair of an anode and a cathode. The pair of the anode and cathode is arranged with a gap at a focal position of the reflective face. The cathode has a cathode tip portion that is approximately conic and a cathode rod portion. The anode has an anode tip portion that has a tapering portion and a flat tip end portion. Further, an outer diameter of the tip of the anode flat tip end portion is smaller than the outer diameter of the cathode rod portion, and an outer diameter of a back end of the anode tip portion is larger than that of the cathode rod portion.