Abstract: A recirculation system for recirculating intestinal content within an intestinal tract of a subject including a recirculation pathway extending from a distal portion of the intestinal tract to a proximal portion of the intestinal tract forming a recirculation loop for recirculating the intestinal content through the proximal portion of the intestinal tract to increase nutrient absorption from the intestinal content. A bypass pathway in fluid communication with the recirculation pathway and configured to divert the intestinal content from the recirculation pathway to continue along the intestinal tract.

Abstract: Structures for a silicon-controlled rectifier and methods of forming same. The structure comprises a first well, a second well, and a third well in a semiconductor substrate. The third well is positioned between the first well and the second well. A first terminal includes a first doped region in the first well, and a second terminal includes a second doped region in the second well. The first well, the second well, and the second doped region have a first conductivity type, and the third well and the first doped region have a second conductivity type opposite to the first conductivity type. The structure further comprises a third doped region in the third well. The third doped region includes a first segment and a second segment, and the first segment is separated from the second segment by a portion of the first well and a portion of the third well.

Abstract: A data processing system is configured to perform a computer implemented method for facilitation of efficient processing of electronic messages via a network from message sources. The method includes receiving an electronic message including actionable object data and textual object data from a message source device. The actionable object data includes parameters actionable by at least one data processing transaction device to perform data processing transactions external to the network device and the textual object data including descriptors of the parameters actionable by the at least one data processing transaction device. The textual object data is operable by devices incompatible with the actionable object data. The method includes calculating an execution command for the data processing transaction in response to the actionable object data and based on at least the parameters of the actionable object data.

Abstract: A data processing system is configured to perform a computer implemented method for facilitation of efficient processing of electronic messages via a network from message sources. The method includes receiving an electronic message including actionable object data and textual object data from a message source device. The actionable object data includes parameters actionable by at least one data processing transaction device to perform data processing transactions external to the network device and the textual object data including descriptors of the parameters actionable by the at least one data processing transaction device. The textual object data is operable by devices incompatible with the actionable object data. The method includes calculating an execution command for the data processing transaction in response to the actionable object data and based on at least the parameters of the actionable object data.

Abstract: A data processing system is configured to perform a computer implemented method for facilitation of efficient processing of electronic messages via a network from message sources. The method includes receiving an electronic message including actionable object data and textual object data from a message source device. The actionable object data includes parameters actionable by at least one data processing transaction device to perform data processing transactions external to the network device and the textual object data including descriptors of the parameters actionable by the at least one data processing transaction device. The textual object data is operable by devices incompatible with the actionable object data. The method includes calculating an execution command for the data processing transaction in response to the actionable object data and based on at least the parameters of the actionable object data.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are described for performing percutaneous catheter-based interventional surgery. The apparatus comprises first and second devices that are located in adjacent body cavities, such as adjacent blood vessels, the first device being capable of transmitting a directional signal that can be received by the second device. The direction of the signal is correlated with the facility to direct therapy, such that improved accuracy in therapy placement is thereby achieved. Methods for treating patients utilising the means and apparatus are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and systems that provide for a human liver perfusion model with dual blood supply channels, permitting two liver lobes split from the same donor to be pumped simultaneously for rigorously controlled therapeutic testing.

Abstract: A data processing system is configured to perform a computer implemented method for facilitation of efficient processing of electronic messages via a network from message sources. The method includes receiving an electronic message including actionable object data and textual object data from a message source device. The actionable object data includes parameters actionable by at least one data processing transaction device to perform data processing transactions external to the network device and the textual object data including descriptors of the parameters actionable by the at least one data processing transaction device. The textual object data is operable by devices incompatible with the actionable object data. The method includes calculating an execution command for the data processing transaction in response to the actionable object data and based on at least the parameters of the actionable object data.

Abstract: A data processing system is configured to perform a computer implemented method for facilitation of efficient processing of electronic messages via a network from message sources. The method includes receiving an electronic message including actionable object data and textual object data from a message source device. The actionable object data includes parameters actionable by at least one data processing transaction device to perform data processing transactions external to the network device and the textual object data including descriptors of the parameters actionable by the at least one data processing transaction device. The textual object data is operable by devices incompatible with the actionable object data. The method includes calculating an execution command for the data processing transaction in response to the actionable object data and based on at least the parameters of the actionable object data.

Abstract: A data processing system is configured to perform a computer implemented method for facilitation of efficient processing of electronic messages via a network from message sources. The method includes receiving an electronic message including actionable object data and textual object data from a message source device. The actionable object data includes parameters actionable by at least one data processing transaction device to perform data processing transactions external to the network device and the textual object data including descriptors of the parameters actionable by the at least one data processing transaction device. The textual object data is operable by devices incompatible with the actionable object data. The method includes calculating an execution command for the data processing transaction in response to the actionable object data and based on at least the parameters of the actionable object data.

Abstract: A data processing system is configured to perform a computer implemented method for facilitation of efficient processing of electronic messages via a network from message sources. The method includes receiving an electronic message including actionable object data and textual object data from a message source device. The actionable object data includes parameters actionable by at least one data processing transaction device to perform data processing transactions external to the network device and the textual object data including descriptors of the parameters actionable by the at least one data processing transaction device. The textual object data is operable by devices incompatible with the actionable object data. The method includes calculating an execution command for the data processing transaction in response to the actionable object data and based on at least the parameters of the actionable object data.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are described for performing percutaneous catheter-based interventional surgery. The apparatus comprises first and second devices that are located in adjacent body cavities, such as adjacent blood vessels, the first device being capable of transmitting a directional signal that can be received by the second device. The direction of the signal is correlated with the facility to direct therapy, such that improved accuracy in therapy placement is thereby achieved. Methods for treating patients utilising the means and apparatus are also provided.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are described for performing percutaneous catheter-based interventional surgery. The apparatus comprises first and second devices that are located in adjacent body cavities, such as adjacent blood vessels, the first device being capable of transmitting a directional signal that can be received by the second device. The direction of the signal is correlated with the facility to direct therapy, such that improved accuracy in therapy placement is thereby achieved. Methods for treating patients utilizing the means and apparatus are also provided.

Abstract: A data processing system is configured to perform a computer implemented method for facilitation of efficient processing of electronic messages via a network from message sources. The method includes receiving an electronic message including actionable object data and textual object data from a message source device. The actionable object data includes parameters actionable by at least one data processing transaction device to perform data processing transactions external to the network device and the textual object data including descriptors of the parameters actionable by the at least one data processing transaction device. The textual object data is operable by devices incompatible with the actionable object data. The method includes calculating an execution command for the data processing transaction in response to the actionable object data and based on at least the parameters of the actionable object data.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are described for performing percutaneous catheter-based interventional surgery. The apparatus comprises first and second devices that are located in adjacent body cavities, such as adjacent blood vessels, the first device being capable of transmitting a directional signal that can be received by the second device. The direction of the signal is correlated with the facility to direct therapy, such that improved accuracy in therapy placement is thereby achieved. Methods for treating patients utilising the means and apparatus are also provided.

Abstract: A steerable element for use in surgery, comprising: an inflatable member; and an elongate frame azimuthally surrounding said inflatable member, wherein: said inflatable member is configured to press against said elongate frame on inflation so as to cause a change in the curvature of said elongate frame. A catheter, an insertion system, a medical implant comprising the steerable element, a delivery system comprising the steerable element, and a method of configuring the steerable element for use.

Abstract: A catheter apparatus is provided with lumens for accommodating guidewires. The apparatus comprises an actuator controllable to move the distal ends of the lumens relative to each other. Accordingly, the separation of the guidewires can be controlled, enabling probing by the guidewires of different area of an occlusion in a blood vessel, such as a chronic total occlusion.

Abstract: A device (10) for maintaining fluid flow through at least one passage in a human or animal body, the device comprising two end portions (12, 14) for anchoring the device in position, and an intermediate portion (16) which allows movement of the end portions relative to each another, wherein the end portions and intermediate portion together define a pathway for fluid flow through the device. The device is particularly suitable for use in the treatment of coronary heart disease by minimally invasive surgery, and the invention extends to a method for diverting fluid flow from one passage to another.

Abstract: A catheter apparatus is provided with lumens for accommodating guidewires. The apparatus comprises an actuator controllable to move the distal ends of the lumens relative to each other. Accordingly, the separation of the guidewires can be controlled, enabling probing by the guidewires of different area of an occlusion in a blood vessel, such as a chronic total occlusion.

Abstract: A device (10) for maintaining fluid flow through at least one passage in a human or animal body, the device comprising two end portions (12, 14) for anchoring the device in position, and an intermediate portion (16) which allows movement of the end portions relative to each another, wherein the end portions and intermediate portion together define a pathway for fluid flow through the device. The device is particularly suitable for use in the treatment of coronary heart disease by minimally invasive surgery, and the invention extends to a method for diverting fluid flow from one passage to another.