Abstract: The present disclosure provides system (10) and a method for algal cultivation. The system for algal cultivation comprises a reservoir (1) which is configured to contain a fluid medium (6) having an algal culture; at least one circulating means (3) which is configured to circulate the fluid medium in the reservoir at a desired velocity; at least one covering means (5) which is configured in its operative configuration to at least partially cover an opening of the reservoir to at least partially block the light incident on the fluid medium and define intermittent light and dark cycle for the fluid medium for a predetermined period of time in the reservoir. Advantageously, the invention disclosed by the present disclosure improves biomass production, minimizes water evaporation in open pond system, avoids photo-inhibition or stress, provides optimum photosynthetic rate, provides efficient utilization of the space, provides efficient generation of resources such as renewable energy.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a process for producing crude bio oil from biomass. The process involves hydrothermally liquefying a biomass in presence of a catalyst at a temperature in the range of 250° C. to 400° C. and at a pressure in the range of 70 bar to 225 bar, to obtain a product mixture comprising crude bio-oil. This product mixture comprising crude bio-oil is cooled to obtain a cooled mixture; the oil is then separated from the cooled mixture to obtain crude bio-oil and a residue containing the catalyst. Carbon content of crude bio-oil is in the range of 60 wt % to 85 wt %.

Abstract: A process for catalytic conversion of low value hydrocarbon streams to light olefins in comparatively higher yields is disclosed. Propylene is obtained in amounts higher than 20 wt. % and ethylene higher than 6 wt. %. The process is carried out in a preheated cracking reactor having a single riser and circulating an FCC catalyst. The riser is divided into three temperature zones in which different hydrocarbon feeds are introduced. An oxygenate feed is introduced in the operative top zone in the riser. Heat for the endothermic cracking is obtained by the exothermic reaction of converting the oxygenate feed into gas and/or from a regenerator in which the spent FCC catalyst is burnt.