Abstract: A method of treating a subject for acute nicotine withdrawal generally includes intranasally administering to the subject a dose of insulin effective to ameliorate at least one symptom or clinical sign of nicotine withdrawal. In some embodiments, the dose of insulin can be at least 45 IU and no more than 75 IU. In one particular embodiment, the dose can be 60 IU. In some embodiments, the dose can be an amount effective to restore at least a portion of a nicotine-withdrawal-associated decrease in saliva Cortisol level following a stress stimulus. In some embodiments, the dose can be an amount effective to decrease an urge to smoke a cigarette during cute withdrawal from nicotine.