Abstract: A pressure-sensing transducer which can be used to continuously measure the pressure in the cylinder of an internal combustion engine comprising a pressure-transmitting element which includes a generally tubular seat and a metallic plate which closes off a top end of the seat, an M-shaped force-transmitting member which spans across the top end of the seat, the outer legs of the M-shaped member being connected to opposite portions of the top end of the seat and the inner legs being connected to the center of the metallic plate, and a magnetoelastic force-sensing member connected between the outer legs of the M-shaped member, such that pressure-generated forces applied to the metallic plate from within the generally tubular seat are transformed into a tensile force acting on the force-sensing member in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis through the generally tubular seat.

Abstract: A loading machine for use in the calibration of strain transducers attached to axles or to arms for balancing the load between two rear axles of a wheeled vehicle having a girder frame and ground engaging wheels. The machine is adapted for use with weighing equipment including at least one box girder having at least two load scales thereon for supporting two of the vehicle wheels. A tensile force applying mechanism engages the vehicle and the box girder for pulling girder frame toward the box girder, the output of the scales when tensile force is applied by such mechanism representing a value of a simulated load on the vehicle.

Abstract: In measuring mechanical stresses in an object of hardened and tempered steel with a magnetic transducer of the type which comprises a magnetizing circuit for generating a magnetic field in the object and a measuring circuit for sensing the changes in the magnetic field which occur in the object when it is subjected to mechanical forces, in order to reduce the creep of the measuring signal which occurs in the case of continuous feeding, the magnetizing circuit is energize with energy in the form of AC pulses of a pulse length between 20 and 120 milliseconds.

Abstract: A magnetoelastic shear force measuring means for measuring shear stresses in tubular axles, preferably in aircraft landing gear axles, comprises two shear stress transducers. Each transducer has one iron core with winding to generate a magnetic field in the measuring object and a second iron core with winding to sense the field alterations generated in the measuring object by shear stresses. The two transducers are combined to form a measuring unit which is inserted in the tubular axle. The windings on the cores of the transducers are connected in such a way that the shear signals are added and signals from any torsion occurring are subtracted from each other.