Abstract: A memory system includes a non-volatile memory and a controller including a memory having a lower access latency than the non-volatile memory. The controller is configured to track addresses of data stored in the non-volatile memory that were subject to prior wear leveling processes, in a buffer configured in the memory of the controller, perform a current wear leveling process on data stored in the non-volatile memory, and determine whether an address of the data subject to the current wear leveling process is stored in the buffer, and perform a pinning process to disable overwrite of data stored in the memory of the controller and corresponding to the address.

Abstract: An information conversion device has one of: a replication necessity analysis unit for specifying where an instruction referred by phi functions is present in one basic block and inserting a transfer instruction therein; an intra-loop constant analysis unit for specifying a closed path in which a phi function reference is circulated and inserting the transfer instruction therein; an inter-instruction dependency analysis unit for specifying where data dependency is present between instructions as a reference destination of the phi functions and inserting the transfer instruction therein; a same instruction reference analysis unit for specifying where the phi functions referring to a result of a same instruction before branching are present and inserting the transfer instruction therein; and a spill out validity analysis unit for storing a value present in a loop processing, loading the value after the loop processing ends, and deleting the transfer instruction.

Abstract: A memory system includes a non-volatile memory and a memory controller. The memory controller includes a counter, the memory controller being configured to control a write operation to the non-volatile memory and a read operation from the non-volatile memory and configured to obtain wear information of the non-volatile memory. The memory controller is configured to update the counter based on the wear information, generate a trigger with a predetermined probability, and execute a persistence process configured to store information of the counter in a non-volatile manner based on the trigger.

Abstract: A program causes a computer to serve as an information conversion device that is equipped with at least one of (A)-(E): (A) a replication necessity analysis processor specifying a location where an instruction referred to from phi functions present in one basic block is present and inserting an inter-register transfer instruction therein; (B) an intra-loop constant analysis processor specifying a closed path in which the references of the phi functions are circulated and inserting the inter-register transfer instruction therein; (C) an inter-instruction dependency analysis processor specifying a location where data dependency is present between instructions, which are reference destinations of the phi functions, and inserting the inter-register transfer instruction thereat; (D) an identical instruction reference analysis processor specifying, in a plurality of execution paths, a location where the phi functions referring to a result of the identical instruction before branching are present and inserting the i