Abstract: Detection coils generate a positive or negative voltage pulse. Every time a voltage pulse is generated, a controller operates upon receipt of electric power of the voltage pulse, obtains states of the detection coils, information on the detection coil that has generated the voltage pulse, and the number of rotations of a rotation shaft, and updates a non-volatile memory. During the update, by referring to information on a current voltage pulse, and states of the detection coil in generation of the last voltage pulse and the last but one voltage pulse, and a history of information on the detection coil that has generated the last but one voltage pulse, which are held in the non-volatile memory, the controller detects a pulse dropout and corrects the states of the detection coils and the number of rotations held in the non-volatile memory.

Abstract: An absolute encoder includes: a scale including an optical pattern that includes code patterns for a plurality of cycles; an illumination unit that outputs light for illuminating the scale; a light detection unit that detects light from the scale; a section determination unit that determines, for a region of the optical pattern divided into a plurality of sections, the section to which a code string belongs; and an absolute position calculation unit that obtains an absolute position of the scale on the basis of the section determined and the code string. When N is the number of the cycles of the code patterns on the scale, in a case where N is equal to two, the number of the sections is three or more, and in a case where N is equal to three or more, the number of the sections is N or more.

Abstract: A port injection valve injects fuel to an intake passage. In multiple injection processing, a demanded injection quantity of the fuel is divided into a synchronous injection quantity and a non-synchronous injection quantity in accordance with at least one of: the load, which is a physical quantity having a correlation with the amount of air to be filled; and the temperature of an internal-combustion engine. The fuel is injected through intake non-synchronous injection and intake synchronous injection in this order. In the intake synchronous injection, the fuel is injected synchronously with a valve-open period of an intake valve. In the intake non-synchronous injection, the fuel is injected at a timing more advanced than in the intake synchronous injection.

Abstract: A port injection valve injects fuel to an intake passage. In multiple injection processing, a demanded injection quantity of the fuel is divided into a synchronous injection quantity and a non-synchronous injection quantity in accordance with at least one of: the load, which is a physical quantity having a correlation with the amount of air to be filled; and the temperature of an internal-combustion engine. The fuel is injected through intake non-synchronous injection and intake synchronous injection in this order. In the intake synchronous injection, the fuel is injected synchronously with a valve-open period of an intake valve. In the intake non-synchronous injection, the fuel is injected at a timing more advanced than in the intake synchronous injection.

Abstract: During a catalyst rapid warm-up at a time of a cold start of an engine, a fuel is injected by a required injection quantity through a multi-stage injection consisting of a fuel injection by a full lift injection during an intake stroke and a fuel injection by a partial lift injection during a compression stroke. In a case where a deterioration of a combustion state is confirmed, a correction for increasing the required injection quantity, which is to enrich an air-fuel ratio, is performed. At a time of the enriching quantity increase, a sum of injection quantities of the multi-stage injection is increased by the amount of the correction for increasing the required injection quantity without the injection quantity and an injection timing of the fuel injection by the partial lift injection being changed from a base time.

Abstract: After start-up of an internal combustion engine, a CPU divides a request injection amount, which is used to control the air-fuel ratio to a target value, into an amount of fuel injected by a port injection valve and an amount of fuel injected by a direct injection valve based on rotation speed and a load ratio. When the amount of fuel injected by the port injection valve changes from zero to greater than zero, the CPU decreases the actual fuel injection amount from the divided fuel injection amount then gradually increases to the divided fuel injection amount. When the amount of fuel injected by the port injection valve is gradually increased, the amount of fuel injected by the direct injection valve is increased from the divided fuel injection amount so that the request injection amount of fuel is injected by the port injection valve and the direct injection valve.

Abstract: A fuel injection control device divides an amount of fuel corresponding to an injection amount required for a single combustion into portions corresponding to multiple fuel injections, causes the direct injector to inject the fuel in the multiple times, and causes the direct injector to execute a partial-lift injection as a final fuel injection. The device includes a total injection amount calculation section, an individual injection amount calculation section, and an injection amount changing section. The injection amount changing section executes, as a first changing process, a process for increasing the injection amount at the final fuel injection to a value between a partial-lift injection lower limit value and a partial-lift injection upper limit value and reducing the injection amount at a fuel injection other than the final fuel injection by the increased amount of the injection amount at the final fuel injection.

Abstract: After start-up of an internal combustion engine, a CPU divides a request injection amount, which is used to control the air-fuel ratio to a target value, into an amount of fuel injected by a port injection valve and an amount of fuel injected by a direct injection valve based on rotation speed and a load ratio. When the amount of fuel injected by the port injection valve changes from zero to greater than zero, the CPU decreases the actual fuel injection amount from the divided fuel injection amount then gradually increases to the divided fuel injection amount. When the amount of fuel injected by the port injection valve is gradually increased, the amount of fuel injected by the direct injection valve is increased from the divided fuel injection amount so that the request injection amount of fuel is injected by the port injection valve and the direct injection valve.

Abstract: A fuel injection control device divides an amount of fuel corresponding to an injection amount required for a single combustion into portions corresponding to multiple fuel injections, causes the direct injector to inject the fuel in the multiple times, and causes the direct injector to execute a partial-lift injection as a final fuel injection. The device includes a total injection amount calculation section, an individual injection amount calculation section, and an injection amount changing section. The injection amount changing section executes, as a first changing process, a process for increasing the injection amount at the final fuel injection to a value between a partial-lift injection lower limit value and a partial-lift injection upper limit value and reducing the injection amount at a fuel injection other than the final fuel injection by the increased amount of the injection amount at the final fuel injection.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for an engine, the fuel injection system includes injectors and an electronic control unit. The injectors include needle valves; and the ECU is configured to: (i) execute partial lift injection and full lift injection with the injectors, the partial lift injection being injection during which the needle valve does not reach a fully-open state and the full lift injection being injection during which the needle valve reaches the fully-open state; (ii) operate the engine in a partial lift injection region where the injection of a required injection amount of a fuel is shared by the partial lift injection and the full lift injection; and (iii) perform the amount of correction of the required injection amount with respect to the injection amount shared by the full lift injection when the required injection amount is corrected while the engine is operated in the partial lift injection region.

Abstract: During a catalyst rapid warm-up at a time of a cold start of an engine, a fuel is injected by a required injection quantity through a multi-stage injection consisting of a fuel injection by a full lift injection during an intake stroke and a fuel injection by a partial lift injection during a compression stroke. In a case where a deterioration of a combustion state is confirmed, a correction for increasing the required injection quantity, which is to enrich an air-fuel ratio, is performed. At a time of the enriching quantity increase, a sum of injection quantities of the multi-stage injection is increased by the amount of the correction for increasing the required injection quantity without the injection quantity and an injection timing of the fuel injection by the partial lift injection being changed from a base time.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for an engine, the fuel injection system includes injectors and an electronic control unit. The injectors include needle valves; and the ECU is configured to: (i) execute partial lift injection and full lift injection with the injectors, the partial lift injection being injection during which the needle valve does not reach a fully-open state and the full lift injection being injection during which the needle valve reaches the fully-open state; (ii) operate the engine in a partial lift injection region where the injection of a required injection amount of a fuel is shared by the partial lift injection and the full lift injection; and (iii) perform the amount of correction of the required injection amount with respect to the injection amount shared by the full lift injection when the required injection amount is corrected while the engine is operated in the partial lift injection region.

Abstract: A filter device according to the present invention comprises a filter processing section configured to execute a filtering process of data at arbitrary data positions included in a filtering region, the filtering process having a dependency on a filtering order and the execution per se of the filtering process of at least a part of the data and determine the execution of the filtering process at the arbitrary data positions, and a control section configured to control the filtering process executed by the filter processing section, wherein the control section makes the filter processing section execute the filtering process at a group of first data positions necessary to determine the execution of the filtering process at a second data position which is one of the arbitrary data positions, and the control section makes the filter processing section execute the filtering process at the second data position when the execution determination results obtained by the filter processing section at the group of first

Abstract: Coarse light burned magnesia is comminuted in the wet state with a wet-pulverizer and hydrated in the presence of an alkaline aqueous medium at an elevated temperature of not less than 70.degree. C., the resultant pulverizate is classified into fine and coarse particles using a classifying means, and the coarse particles are recycled to the wet-pulverizer. By subjecting light burned magnesia to concurrent wet-pulverization and hydration in the presence of a heated alkaline aqueous medium, the material magnesia can be simultaneously comminuted and hydrated under rapid heating. Therefore, from light burned magnesia, an active magnesium hydroxide showing a low viscosity even at a high concentration can be efficiently produced at a high rate in a fewer step.

Abstract: A nitrocellulose composition in the form of chips containing 50 to 80 wt % of nitrocellulose and less than 1 wt % of water is produced by adding to water-wetted nitrocellulose an organic solvent which dissolves nitrocellulose and polyurethane resin and is inert to isocyanate in an amount of 30 to 300 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of dry nitrocellulose, mixing, rolling or extrusion molding, drying at 30.degree. to 55.degree. C., and cutting. This composition is useful as nitrocellulose for magnetic tape binder.