Abstract: Disclosed are: a resin composition for pattern formation, which enables the stable formation of a pattern at a level of the wavelength of light; a method for forming a pattern having a sea-island structure using the composition; and a process for producing a light-emitting element that can achieve high luminous efficiency properties.

Abstract: A mixture of polyfluoroalkadienes represented by the general formulae: CF3(CF2)nCF?CH(CF2)m+1CH?CH2 [Ia] and CF3(CF2)n+1CH?CF(CF2)mCH?CH2 [Ib], wherein n is an integer of 0 to 5, and m is an integer of 0 to 6, is obtained as a mixture fraction of products [Ia] and [Ib] by reacting a polyfluoroalkyl iodide represented by the general formula: CF3(CF2)n+1CH2(CF2)m+1(CH2CH2)I [II], with an organic basic compound. The polyfluoroalkadiene mixture is compounds having a perfluoroalkyl group in which the number of successive CF2 groups is 5 or less, and is effectively used as a copolymerizable monomer in the production of resinous or elastomeric fluorine-containing copolymers, which are used as active ingredients of surface-treating agents, such as water- and oil-repellents and mold-release agents.

Abstract: According to a present powertrain, a first rotation shaft serving as an input shaft of a front side gear mechanism is located in a portion of a vehicle lower than a second rotation shaft serving as an output shaft, so that a crankshaft of an engine provided coaxially with the first rotation shaft is located in a portion of the vehicle lower than in a conventional example. Solely the engine having a heavy mass is thus disposed in a lower portion, so as to achieve a lower position of the center of gravity of the vehicle. In this manner, a powertrain having a layout structure attaining lower center of gravity as well as high rigidity of a body and improvement in aerodynamic characteristics is provided.

Abstract: A flanged housing member is formed using a forming method and a forming device from a forming material having a pre-flanged forming portion 2 is disposed at one end of a trunk portion 1. The entire external surface of the flanged housing member can be ironed with a sufficient degree of precision without mechanical machining. The forming material is held on one of a first die having an external forming surface and a second die having an internal forming surface. A sizing process is performed to at least form an internal surface of the trunk portion using the first and second dies. The pre-flanged forming portion is sandwiched and pressed between the first die and a flange-forming die to form a flange portion on the end of the trunk portion.

Abstract: A polyfluoro-1-alkene represented by the general formula: CF3(CF2)nCH2(CF2)mCH?CH2 [I], wherein n is an integer of 0 to 5, and m is an integer of 1 to 7, is produced by reacting a polyfluoroalkyl iodide represented by the general formula: CF3(CF2)nCH2(CF2)m(CH2CH2)I [II], wherein n is an integer of 0 to 5, and m is an integer of 1 to 7, with an inorganic basic compound in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst. Alternatively, the polyfluoro-1-alkene is produced by reacting the polyfluoroalkyl iodide [II] with a nitrogen-containing organic basic compound, and is obtained product [I] as one fraction thereof. By the copolymerization of the polyfluoro-1-alkene with other fluorinated olefin monomers, a fluorine-containing copolymer having excellent light transmittance in the visible light range is formed.

Abstract: A polyfluoro-1-alkene represented by the general formula: CF3(CF2)nCH2(CF2)mCH?CH2[I], wherein n is an integer of 0 to 5, and m is an integer of 1 to 7, is produced by reacting a polyfluoroalkyl iodide represented by the general formula: CF3(CF2)nCH2(CF2)m(CH2CH2)I [II], wherein n is an integer of 0 to 5, and m is an integer of 1 to 7, with an inorganic basic compound in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst. Alternatively, the polyfluoro-1-alkene is produced by reacting the polyfluoroalkyl iodide [II] with a nitrogen-containing organic basic compound, and is obtained product [I] as one fraction thereof. By the copolymerization of the polyfluoro-1-alkene with other fluorinated olefin monomers, a fluorine-containing copolymer having excellent light transmittance in the visible light range is formed.

Abstract: A mixture of polyfluoroalkadienes represented by the general formulae: CF3(CF2)nCF?CH(CF2)m+1CH?CH2 [Ia] and CF3(CF2)n+1CH?CF(CF2)mCH?CH2 [Ib], wherein n is an integer of 0 to 5, and m is an integer of 0 to 6, is obtained as a mixture fraction of products [Ia] and [Ib] by reacting a polyfluoroalkyl iodide represented by the general formula: CF3(CF2)n+1CH2(CF2)m+1(CH2CH2)I [II], with an organic basic compound. The polyfluoroalkadiene mixture is compounds having a perfluoroalkyl group in which the number of successive CF2 groups is 5 or less, and is effectively used as a copolymerizable monomer in the production of resinous or elastomeric fluorine-containing copolymers, which are used as active ingredients of surface-treating agents, such as water- and oil-repellents and mold-release agents.

Abstract: A transmission includes: a casing of the transmission; a shaft rotatably supported by the casing and having an oil passage; plural gears mounted on the shaft. The lubricant is partly lifted and stirred in response to a shift operation implemented by selectively engaging and rotating the gears. The transmission further includes a lubricating mechanism placed at a position higher than the shaft and having an upper end opening in an upward direction so as to collect and store the lifted lubricant. The lubricating mechanism is provided with an oil supply port through which the lubricant is guided to the oil passage of the shaft.

Abstract: A cylindrical internal surface processing apparatus has an internal diameter measuring device and a controller. The internal diameter measuring device measures an internal diameter of an internal cylindrical bore formed in a base member to obtain a measurement result of the internal diameter of the internal cylindrical bore. The controller includes a surface roughening control section and a quality determining section. The surface roughening control section controls operation of a surface roughening equipment to form a rough surface section and an internal diameter measuring surface section on the internal cylindrical bore. The internal diameter measuring surface section is smoother than the rough surface section.

Abstract: Before a thermally sprayed coating is deposited onto a cylindrical internal surface of a cylinder bore 3a rough surface 13 is formed to increase the adhesion of the thermally sprayed coating. After forming the rough surface is completed, an internal diameter measurement surface that is smoother than the rough surface is formed on an axial end section of the internal cylindrical surface. The internal diameter of the cylinder bore is measured at the internal diameter measurement surface with an internal diameter measuring instrument. An appropriate thickness for the thermally sprayed coating is determined based on the measurement result.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrophotographic photosensitive member 2 including a conductive body 20, a photoconductive layer 22 formed on the conductive body 20 using amorphous silicon, and a surface layer 23 formed on the photoconductive layer using amorphous silicon. The present invention further relates to an image forming apparatus provided with the electrophotographic photosensitive member 2. The photoconductive layer 22 has a mean roughness Ra of not more than 10 nm per 10 ?m square. The surface layer 23, without undergoing grinding process, has a mean roughness Ra of not more than 10 nm per 10 ?m square.

Abstract: A torque tube apparatus includes a tube member that connects a transaxle and a clutch unit to each other, a transaxle-side shaft, a clutch shaft, and a sleeve that has a first end and a second end. The first end is slidable with respect to the transaxle-side shaft. The second end is removeable from the clutch shaft. The tube member has a removable intermediate case. The intermediate case can be removed by separating the second end from the clutch shaft and sliding the first end with respect to the transaxle-side shaft.

Abstract: A transmission apparatus includes a casing provided with shafts therein, a rotational member positioned in the casing at an end portion in an axial direction of the shafts, the rotational member being configured to lift up a lubricating oil so as to supply the lubricating oil to a part that is different from the end portion inside the casing, and an oil passage provided along the axis line direction of the shafts, the oil passage configured to receive the lubricating oil lifted up by the rotational member at a first end portion in a longitudinal direction of the oil passage and to supply the lubricating oil through a second end portion in the longitudinal direction of the oil passage to a part inside the casing placed far away from the rotational member, the oil passage being integrally formed with the casing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of forming a deposited film including a first step for setting a deposited film forming target (10) into a reaction chamber (4), a second step for filling the reaction chamber (10) with a reaction gas and a third step for applying pulse DC voltage between a first conductor (3) and a second conductor (40) spaced from each other in the reaction chamber (10). The present invention further relates to a deposited film forming device for performing the above method. Preferably, in the third step, potential difference between the first conductor (3) and the second conductor (40) is set to not less than 50V and not more than 3000V, and pulse frequency of the pulse DC voltage applied to the first and second conductors (3, 40) is set to not more than 300kHz. Duty ratio of the pulse DC voltage is set to not less than 20% and not more than 90%.

Abstract: Before a thermally sprayed coating is deposited onto a cylindrical internal surface of a cylinder bore 3a rough surface 13 is formed to increase the adhesion of the thermally sprayed coating. After forming the rough surface is completed, an internal diameter measurement surface that is smoother than the rough surface is formed on an axial end section of the internal cylindrical surface. The internal diameter of the cylinder bore is measured at the internal diameter measurement surface with an internal diameter measuring instrument. An appropriate thickness for the thermally sprayed coating is determined based on the measurement result.

Abstract: According to a present powertrain, a first rotation shaft serving as an input shaft of a front side gear mechanism is located in a portion of a vehicle lower than a second rotation shaft serving as an output shaft, so that a crankshaft of an engine provided coaxially with the first rotation shaft is located in a portion of the vehicle lower than in a conventional example. Solely the engine shaving a heavy mass is thus disposed in a lower portion, so as to achieve a lower position of the center of gravity of the vehicle. In this manner, a powertrain having a layout structure attaining lower center of gravity as well as high rigidity of a body and improvement in aerodynamic characteristics is provided.

Abstract: A flanged housing member is formed using a forming method and a forming device from a forming material having a pre-flanged forming portion 2 is disposed at one end of a trunk portion 1. The entire external surface of the flanged housing member can be ironed with a sufficient degree of precision without mechanical machining. The forming material is held on one of a first die having an external forming surface and a second die having an internal forming surface. A sizing process is performed to at least form an internal surface of the trunk portion using the first and second dies. The pre-flanged forming portion is sandwiched and pressed between the first die and a flange-forming die to form a flange portion on the end of the trunk portion.

Abstract: A transmission apparatus includes a casing provided with shafts therein, a rotational member positioned in the casing at an end portion in an axial direction of the shafts, the rotational member being configured to lift up a lubricating oil so as to supply the lubricating oil to a part that is different from the end portion inside the casing, and an oil passage provided along the axis line direction of the shafts, the oil passage configured to receive the lubricating oil lifted up by the rotational member at a first end portion in a longitudinal direction of the oil passage and to supply the lubricating oil through a second end portion in the longitudinal direction of the oil passage to a part inside the casing placed far away from the rotational member, the oil passage being integrally formed with the casing.

Abstract: A transmission includes: a casing of the transmission; a shaft rotatably supported by the casing and having an oil passage; plural gears mounted on the shaft. The lubricant is partly lifted and stirred in response to a shift operation implemented by selectively engaging and rotating the gears. The transmission further includes a lubricating mechanism placed at a position higher than the shaft and having an upper end opening in an upward direction so as to collect and store the lifted lubricant. The lubricating mechanism is provided with an oil supply port through which the lubricant is guided to the oil passage of the shaft.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hermetic structure having a flat cable. Liquid rubber is charged into a gap to be sealed, the charged liquid rubber is subjected to a physical action at the normal temperature and under the normal pressure, and the liquid rubber is cured to form a seal. By forming the seal in this manner, the limitation of heat resistance and pressure resistance is moderated, the flexibility of selection of materials for various constituent members is enhanced, and the structure is simplified.