Abstract: A data transfer device can adjust a phase of a clock signal with a simple configuration in a short period of time when transferring a digital data signal in synchronization with the clock signal. Accordingly, the data transfer device includes a data transfer line serially transferring the data signal, a clock transfer line transferring the clock signal, a decision unit deciding an adjustment amount by which the phase of the clock signal accompanying the data signal is shifted, the adjustment amount being used when transferring the data signal in synchronization with the clock signal, and a phase adjusting unit shifting the phase of the clock signal in accordance with the adjustment amount decided by the decision unit while keeping a frequency of the clock signal fixed.

Abstract: An imaging device of the present invention includes an image capturing unit, a noise obtaining unit, a fixed noise calculating unit, and a noise eliminating unit. The image capturing unit generates image data by photoelectrically converting, pixel by pixel, a subject image formed on an available pixel area of a light-receiving surface. The noise obtaining unit reads a noise output from a partial area of the available pixel area. The fixed noise calculating unit calculates an estimation of fixed pattern noise of the available pixel area based on the noise output read from the partial area. The noise eliminating unit subtracts the fixed pattern noise from the image data.

Abstract: A scan conversion device includes a first buffer unit, a pixel packing unit, a second buffer unit, and a scan output unit. The first buffer unit stores therein pixel signals of the input image on every line in a main scanning direction thereof. The pixel packing unit groups N (N?2) pixel signals on each line into pixel signal packs according to a predetermined pixel combination rule, and outputs them sequentially. The second buffer unit stores therein the pixel signal packs and aligns them in a second main scanning direction different from the main scanning direction. The scan output unit sequentially outputs the pixel signal packs aligned in the second main scanning direction. According to this configuration, a scan pattern of the input image is changed into a scan pattern of outputting every N output lines in the second main scanning direction.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus includes a nonvolatile memory storing multiple kinds of parameters, a volatile memory storing temporarily the parameters read out from the nonvolatile memory, a processing part executing a processing using the parameters stored in the volatile memory and a data controlling part reading out the parameters from the nonvolatile memory according to a provided clock and transferring the parameters to the volatile memory, and the imaging apparatus includes a first timing-adjusting part outputting a first clock for reading out a part of the multiple kinds of parameters stored in the nonvolatile memory to the data controlling part, when the imaging apparatus is powered on, and a second timing-adjusting part outputting a second clock for reading out another part of the multiple kinds of parameters stored in the nonvolatile memory to the data controlling part, while the imaging apparatus is preparing for image shooting.

Abstract: A scan conversion device includes a first buffer unit, a pixel packing unit, a second buffer unit, and a scan output unit. The first buffer unit stores therein pixel signals of the input image on every line in a main scanning direction thereof. The pixel packing unit groups N (N?2) pixel signals on each line into pixel signal packs according to a predetermined pixel combination rule, and outputs them sequentially. The second buffer unit stores therein the pixel signal packs and aligns them in a second main scanning direction different from the main scanning direction. The scan output unit sequentially outputs the pixel signal packs aligned in the second main scanning direction. According to this configuration, a scan pattern of the input image is changed into a scan pattern of outputting every N output lines in the second main scanning direction.

Abstract: A scan conversion device includes a first buffer unit, a pixel packing unit, a second buffer unit, and a scan output unit. The first buffer unit stores therein pixel signals of the input image on every line in a main scanning direction thereof. The pixel packing unit groups N (N?2) pixel signals on each line into pixel signal packs according to a predetermined pixel combination rule, and outputs them sequentially. The second buffer unit stores therein the pixel signal packs and aligns them in a second main scanning direction different from the main scanning direction. The scan output unit sequentially outputs the pixel signal packs aligned in the second main scanning direction. According to this configuration, a scan pattern of the input image is changed into a scan pattern of outputting every N output lines in the second main scanning direction.

Abstract: A scan conversion device includes a first buffer unit, a pixel packing unit, a second buffer unit, and a scan output unit. The first buffer unit stores therein pixel signals of the input image on every line in a main scanning direction thereof. The pixel packing unit groups N (N?2) pixel signals on each line into pixel signal packs according to a predetermined pixel combination rule, and outputs them sequentially. The second buffer unit stores therein the pixel signal packs and aligns them in a second main scanning direction different from the main scanning direction. The scan output unit sequentially outputs the pixel signal packs aligned in the second main scanning direction. According to this configuration, a scan pattern of the input image is changed into a scan pattern of outputting every N output lines in the second main scanning direction.

Abstract: A clamp level adjusting apparatus of the invention includes: an image pickup device which has an effective pixel area for producing an image signal and a lightproof area formed around the effective pixel area to produce a black level standard signal; a clamp level calculating section for extracting the black level standard signal from an extracting range of a plurality of horizontal rows in the lightproof area and for producing a clamp level value corresponding to each horizontal row in the effective pixel area based on a vertical moving average value of black level standard signals in the extracting range; and a clamp section for correcting a black level of the image signal based on the clamp level value.

Abstract: A scan conversion device includes a first buffer unit, a pixel packing unit, a second buffer unit, and a scan output unit. The first buffer unit stores therein pixel signals of the input image on every line in a main scanning direction thereof. The pixel packing unit groups N (N?2) pixel signals on each line into pixel signal packs according to a predetermined pixel combination rule, and outputs them sequentially. The second buffer unit stores therein the pixel signal packs and aligns them in a second main scanning direction different from the main scanning direction. The scan output unit sequentially outputs the pixel signal packs aligned in the second main scanning direction. According to this configuration, a scan pattern of the input image is changed into a scan pattern of outputting every N output lines in the second main scanning direction.

Abstract: A shading correction circuit of the present invention includes an image pickup device having photo detectors arranged on its receptive surface, and a shading correction part for performing shading correction on an output signal of the image pickup device. The image pickup device has an effective pixel area and an upper optical black part. The shading correction part has a correction coefficient generating part and a correction processing part. The correction coefficient generating part thereof extracts shading variation according to an output of the upper optical black part, and generates a correction coefficient for the shading variation. The correction processing part thereof performs shading correction on an image signal by using the correction coefficient generated by the correction coefficient generating part.

Abstract: A data transfer device can adjust a phase of a clock signal with a simple configuration in a short period of time when transferring a digital data signal in synchronization with the clock signal. Accordingly, the data transfer device includes a data transfer line serially transferring the data signal, a clock transfer line transferring the clock signal, a decision unit deciding an adjustment amount by which the phase of the clock signal accompanying the data signal is shifted, the adjustment amount being used when transferring the data signal in synchronization with the clock signal, and a phase adjusting unit shifting the phase of the clock signal in accordance with the adjustment amount decided by the decision unit while keeping a frequency of the clock signal fixed.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus includes a nonvolatile memory storing multiple kinds of parameters, a volatile memory storing temporarily the parameters read out from the nonvolatile memory, a processing part executing a processing using the parameters stored in the volatile memory and a data controlling part reading out the parameters from the nonvolatile memory according to a provided clock and transferring the parameters to the volatile memory, and the imaging apparatus includes a first timing-adjusting part outputting a first clock for reading out a part of the multiple kinds of parameters stored in the nonvolatile memory to the data controlling part, when the imaging apparatus is powered on, and a second timing-adjusting part outputting a second clock for reading out another part of the multiple kinds of parameters stored in the nonvolatile memory to the data controlling part, while the imaging apparatus is preparing for image shooting.

Abstract: A scan conversion device includes a first buffer unit, a pixel packing unit, a second buffer unit, and a scan output unit. The first buffer unit stores therein pixel signals of the input image on every line in a main scanning direction thereof. The pixel packing unit groups N (N?2) pixel signals on each line into pixel signal packs according to a predetermined pixel combination rule, and outputs them sequentially. The second buffer unit stores therein the pixel signal packs and aligns them in a second main scanning direction different from the main scanning direction. The scan output unit sequentially outputs the pixel signal packs aligned in the second main scanning direction. According to this configuration, a scan pattern of the input image is changed into a scan pattern of outputting every N output lines in the second main scanning direction.

Abstract: An imaging device of the present invention includes an image capturing unit, a noise obtaining unit, a fixed noise calculating unit, and a noise eliminating unit. The image capturing unit generates image data by photoelectrically converting, pixel by pixel, a subject image formed on an available pixel area of a light-receiving surface. The noise obtaining unit reads a noise output from a partial area of the available pixel area. The fixed noise calculating unit calculates an estimation of fixed pattern noise of the available pixel area based on the noise output read from the partial area. The noise eliminating unit subtracts the fixed pattern noise from the image data.

Abstract: A clamp level adjusting apparatus of the invention includes: an image pickup device which has an effective pixel area for producing an image signal and a lightproof area formed around the effective pixel area to produce a black level standard signal; a clamp level calculating section for extracting the black level standard signal from an extracting range of a plurality of horizontal rows in the lightproof area and for producing a clamp level value corresponding to each horizontal row in the effective pixel area based on a vertical moving average value of black level standard signals in the extracting range; and a clamp section for correcting a black level of the image signal based on the clamp level value.

Abstract: A shading correction circuit of the present invention includes an image pickup device having photo detectors arranged on its receptive surface, and a shading correction part for performing shading correction on an output signal of the image pickup device. The image pickup device has an effective pixel area and an upper optical black part. The shading correction part has a correction coefficient generating part and a correction processing part. The correction coefficient generating part thereof extracts shading variation according to an output of the upper optical black part, and generates a correction coefficient for the shading variation. The correction processing part thereof performs shading correction on an image signal by using the correction coefficient generated by the correction coefficient generating part.

Abstract: A rotary encoder comprising a code plate having an optical pattern, first sensor group A1 through An for detecting the rotational angle of the code plate by detecting the optical pattern, second sensor group B1 through Bn for detecting the rotational angle of the code plate by detecting the optical pattern. Each of the first sensors is associated with one of the second sensor, and the second sensor is positioned 180 degrees opposite to the associated first sensor along the circumference of the code plate. The rotary encoder further comprises a determination unit which determines if the output of the currently processed first or second sensor is in the first state, in which the rotational speed of the code plate relative to the currently processed first or second sensor is greater than a predetermined value, or in the second state, in which the rotational speed of the code plate relative to the currently processed first or second sensor is smaller than or equal to the predetermined value.

Abstract: A position measuring apparatus for obtaining position information by processing a first and second sinusoidal signals with the phase difference of 90.degree.

Abstract: A level sensor detects a vertical position of a laser beam emitted from an electronic leveling apparatus and comprises a photo-sensing unit having a predetermined vertical length for detecting the laser beam, a plurality of marking indices arranged on a side edge of a housing of the level sensor at a predetermined pitch along the vertical direction of the laser beam, and analog display unit having a plurality of display devices one for each of the marking indices for displaying a change in an incident position of the laser beam along the vertical direction by selective activation of the display devices.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus for detecting a light receiving position, comprising: a light receiving portion including M.times.N light receiving elements arranged along a straight line at a predetermined pitch; a plurality of M digital circuits each for outputting a detection signal when an added level of an input signal exceeds a predetermined level, the M.times.N light receiving elements being connected to the M digital circuits for N by N, respectively; a plurality of N analogue circuits each for outputting the added level of the input signal, the light receiving elements connected to the M digital circuits for N by N respectively being connected to the N analogue circuits by N, respectively; and a calculating means connected to the M digital circuits and the N analogue circuits, for calculating a light receiving position of beam light incident to the light receiving portion, on the basis of outputs from the digital circuits and the analogue circuits.