Abstract: An optical information memory medium, including, in the stated order a substrate, an optical information memory layer which is capable of memorizing information therein, and a reversible display recording layer which is capable of rewritably recording therein, in a visibly recognizable form, at least part of an information corresponding to the information memorized in the optical information memory layer, and a display recording method using the optical information memory medium are disclosed.

Abstract: An information processor, wherein the information can be maintained without depending on the storage capacity of the memory portion and the searching for the information can be simplified. According to the information provided from outside and stored in the memory portion, the specific information for specifying this information is sorted and maintained. When the capacity not recorded yet in the memory portion is smaller than the basic information amount, a part of the information stored in the memory portion is stored on a portable information-recording medium and is erased from the memory portion. The identification information for identifying the information-recording medium recorded with the information is corresponded to and stored in the specific information corresponding to the information erased from the memory portion in the specific information that has been stored and maintained.

Abstract: An optical disk recording method comprising steps of a) performing recording onto the optical disk with a ZCLV method by using zone parameter storage means for storing at least one zone division time and CLV of each zone in a track formed on the optical disk, as zone parameters, for each of a plurality of recording modes and optical disk type determination means for determining the type of the optical disk before recording; b) performing optimization of the recording velocity by detecting, before recording, servo signal fluctuation by accessing the optical disk, by determining maximum recording velocity defined by the speed of a rotational motor rotating the optical disk, and by calculating a changing point of the recording velocity; and c) limiting the speed of the rotational motor, when the servo signal fluctuation at the surface of the optical disk exceeds a reference level and determining the relation between the zone division time and the CLV of each zone.

Abstract: An optical information memory medium, including, in the stated order a substrate, an optical information memory layer which is capable of memorizing information therein, and a reversible display recording layer which is capable of rewritably recording therein, in a visibly recognizable form, at least part of an information corresponding to the information memorized in the optical information memory layer, and a display recording method using the optical information memory medium are disclosed.

Abstract: Semiconductor layers are formed on a substrate, and an insulating film is formed on the semiconductor layers. On the insulating film is formed a gate electrode, which has emitter holes formed therein. In the emitter holes are formed emitters, which are provided with emitter electrodes via the semiconductor layers. The emitters are grouped into a plurality of emitter groups each having at least one emitter. The emitters of each of the emitter groups are connected to each of the semiconductor layers. Common electrodes are formed across the semiconductor layers via the insulating film. Thereby, a field emission type cold cathode element is obtained which has nonlinear characteristics of providing a low resistance in normal operation and a high resistance upon discharges.

Abstract: A method of driving a cold cathode element, includes (a) providing a plurality of cold cathodes; (b) deflecting a plurality of electron beams respectively emitted from the plurality of cold cathodes; (c) providing at least one control electrode for at least one of the plurality of cold cathodes, wherein an electric field above the control electrode is changed when a voltage is applied to the control electrode; and (d) controlling the voltage applied to the control electrode such that the plurality of electron beams are concentrated on a fluorescent surface.

Abstract: An optical data storage medium includes a substrate, an optical data storage layer overlaid on the substrate and a reversible image recording layer overlaid on the optical data storage layer, in which information is recorded in the reversible image recording layer so as to be visible. The reversible image recording layer, which includes a matrix resin and a low-molecular-weight organic substance dispersed in the matrix resin, may preferably be thermosensitive and change its transparency or color tone in response to heat.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a field emission cold cathode device, having a field emission cold cathode element which comprises a plurality of emitters formed on a substrate and each in the shape of a sharply pointed cone, and a gate electrode provided with an opening section to let electrons emit from the respective apexes of said group of emitters and set in the vicinity above said group of emitters, wherein a positive voltage with respect to the emitters is applied to said gate electrode and thereby an electron beam is emitted from the group of emitters; a lens electrode making the electron beam which is emitted from said group of emitters converge; and a target on which the electron beam made to converge by said lens electrode irradiates; wherein the area of the region occupied by the group of emitters is set at the optimum size using specific equations.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of fabricating a nano-tube that enables shortly cutting off said nano-tube without deteriorating said same and that when said nano-tube is used as said emitter can provide an improved flat-ability of said surface of said emitter, a method of manufacturing a field-emission type cold cathode that can provide an improved flat-ability of said surface of said emitter and that resultantly can cause an emission of a uniform, stable high-emission electric current, and a method of manufacturing a display device that includes a method of fabricating a nano-tube and/or a method of manufacturing a field-emission type cold cathode. The method of fabricating a nano-tube according to said present invention includes said step of radiating ions 2 onto a nano-tube 1 and said step of oxidizing said nano-tube 1.

Abstract: A dust proof recording and reproducing apparatus has a movable tray for ejecting or loading a recording medium. The tray has a tray port through which it moves. A force element, such as a spring, forces an outer cover for the port towards an inner cover. The force element absorbs variations in the stopping position of the tray in a loaded condition so that the outer cover always contacts with and closes the outer circumferential area of the tray port.

Abstract: In a field emission cold cathode device including one emitter, a supporting region formed of a conductor or a semiconductor for supporting the emitter, and a gate electrode provided in the proximity of the emitter, electrons are supplied to the emitter from a capacitance formed by a pair of electrodes separated from each other, one of the pair of electrodes being DC connected to the emitter. The emitted electron amount can be controlled by controlling a voltage applied to the other of the pair of electrodes. Thus, it is possible to minimize the variation in the emission current caused by variation in the emitter devices, which was unavoidable in the prior art.

Abstract: A dust proof recording and reproducing apparatus has a movable tray for ejecting or loading a recording medium. The tray has a tray port through which it moves. A force element, such as a spring, forces an outer cover for the port towards an inner cover. The force element absorbs variations in the stopping position of the tray in a loaded condition so that the outer cover always contacts with and closes the outer circumferential area of the tray port.

Abstract: A field emission cold cathode element designed with the objects of enabling control of overcurrents that arise at times of discharge without adding a power source or complicating the operating circuits, realizing high-frequency operation and lower power consumption without giving rise to short-circuit damage due to discharge breakdown, and moreover, suppressing increases in element temperature; wherein an n-type region underlying emitters is divided between three n-type semiconductor regions: a first n-type semiconductor region, a second n-type semiconductor region and a third n-type semiconductor region.

Abstract: A field emission cold cathode device is driven to make an emission current constant without limiting the available choice of materials for a gate electrode. A positive voltage with reference to OV is applied from a gate power supply to gate electrode of the field emission cold cathode device to enable emitter disposed respectively near the gate electrode to emit electrons. After the positive voltage with reference to OV is applied, a negative voltage with reference to OV is applied from the gate power supply to the gate electrode at a predetermined time.

Abstract: In a field emission electron gun including emitters (104) on predetermined parts of a substrate (109), an insulator film (105) on a remaining part of the substrate, a first gate electrode (101) on the insulator film so as to surround the emitters with a space left between each emitter and the first gate electrode and to have an outer peripheral surface defining an emission region (E), a gate edge portion (106) of a conductor is formed on the insulator film to surround the outer peripheral surface of the first gate electrode in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the first gate electrode. A second gate electrode (102) is formed on the insulator film to surround the gate edge portion with a distance left between the gate edge portion and the second gate electrode applied with a second voltage less than a first voltage applied to the first gate electrode.

Abstract: The present invention provides a disk drive unit which includes a body case having an opening portion for inserting a disk cartridge and for facilitating removal of the cartridge from the body case. A shutter mechanism having a shutter which is rotatably supported in the body case and is movable between an open position for inserting the cartridge and a closed position for preventing airborne debris from entering the interior of the body case. The shutter is normally in the closed position and is opened when a cartridge is inserted or ejected. A loading device is positioned within the body case and is configured to vertically move the cartridge so as to load the inserted cartridge onto a driving device. The loading device also selectively ejects the cartridge in an ejection movement. A driving device is provided to rotate a disk stored in the cartridge and is preferably fixed to the body case.

Abstract: In a cold cathode electron beam device, groups of electron emission cones emit electrons which are extracted from the cones by respective extraction electrodes. The emitted electrons are focussed into a beam by an electron lens so as to strike a fluorescent screen. In order to minimize the size of the beam spot where the beam strikes the screen, a structure is included which compensates for a spherical aberration property which is inherent to the electron lens. The spherical aberration is compensated for by placing a focus electrode for each group of electron emission cones on a common substrate along with the extraction electrode, such that the focus electrode surrounds the extraction electrode.

Abstract: An electron gun includes a field emission cold cathode (1) having a first electric potential, a primary gate electrode (2) having a first opening around the top of the cathode (1) and having a second electric potential which is higher than the first electric potential for causing an electron emission from the top of the cathode (1), and a second gate electrode (3) having a second opening around the top of the cathode (1) and having a third electric potential which is higher than the first electric potential and lower than the second electric potential, wherein a first voltage defined as a difference between the first and the second electric potentials varies in proportion to a second voltage defined as a difference between the first and the third electric potentials so as to provide a current-voltage characteristic having an apparent gamma-property. The apparent gamma-property is such that the luminous output of a fluorescent substance (7) of an anode (8) is directly proportional to a signal voltage.

Abstract: In a field emission electron gun including emitters (104) on predetermined parts of a substrate (409), an insulator film (105) on a remaining part of the substrate, a first gate electrode (101) on the insulator film so as to surround the emitters with a space left between each emitter and the first gate electrode, the emitters are formed on the substrate except a center part of the substrate. The first gate electrode has an inner peripheral surface which defines a hole (107) exposing a center portion of the insulator film that is positioned on the center part of the substrate. A second gate electrode (102) is formed on the insulator film to surround an outer peripheral surface of the first gate electrode with a distance left between the outer peripheral surface of the first gate electrode and the second gate electrode.

Abstract: An optical disk drive unit comprising: a sealing enclosure which encloses from exterior the disk cartridge and an access mechanism for the recording medium in the disk cartridge; an input device for inputting an eject command signal; a pin for moving and arranging a cartridge eject device to a state for starting its function; a cam which is disengaged from the pin when the cartridge is unloaded and which is contacted from the pin to start the ejecting function when the cartridge is loaded so that by rotating the cam, the ejecting function can be conducted; a cam drive disposed outside of the enclosure; a linkage for connecting a shaft of the cam drive to the cam through a hole formed in the enclosure; and a controller for controlling the cam in such a way that upon receipt of the eject command signal from the input device, the cam drive is driven to rotate the cam until the cartridge is ejected, wherein through a hole 15 of the chassis 1 is inserted a shaft 81 of the cam 80, and a worm wheel 79 is connected t