Abstract: An interconnection between fully synchronous networks and next-generation frame communications networks is disclosed. A means of bidirectional frame format conversion between a synchronous multiplexing system and a logical multiplexing system is provided, along with a method of transmitting data between different networks on a path as if it were being transmitted in the same network. Further, when converting network control information in an STM network into data suitable for a packet network, even across the boundary of a synchronous multiplexing system and a logical multiplexing system, a unified communication management means is provided over the whole path.

Abstract: A packet communication system of this invention includes a user access device at a user point for providing a user with connectivity to a plurality of carriers, carrier communication networks linked to the user access device, and a carrier management network which controls and manages the user access device and communication devices. A communication device receives a control frame-inserting command from the carrier management network, and sends a control frame containing therein control frame transfer information that indicates which one of termination and send-back processing is performed at a destination device. In response to receipt of the control frame, a user access device that is the destination of this frame extracts therefrom the control frame transfer information. If this information indicates the termination then perform termination; if send-back, add thereto a header necessary for the send-back and then transfer it.

Abstract: A conductor of an electric wire, and an insulated wire which are excellent in corrosion resistance and recyclability, of which the strength which is decreased by weight reduction and diameter reduction is improved. The conductor includes a strand which includes a first elemental wire made from pure copper and a second elemental wire made from a copper alloy. In the conductor, a cross-sectional area of the first elemental wire as a percentage of a cross-sectional area of the conductor is preferably within a range of 10 to 90%. Examples of the copper alloy include a Cu—Ni—Si alloy, and a copper alloy containing Sn, Ag, Mg, or Zn. The conductor may be compressed concentrically. The insulated wire is prepared by covering the conductor with an insulator.

Abstract: A conductor of an electric wire, and an insulated wire which are excellent in corrosion resistance and recyclability, of which the strength which is decreased by weight reduction and diameter reduction is improved. The conductor includes a strand which includes a first elemental wire made from pure copper and a second elemental wire made from a copper alloy. In the conductor, a cross-sectional area of the first elemental wire as a percentage of a cross-sectional area of the conductor is preferably within a range of 10 to 90%. Examples of the copper alloy include a Cu—Ni—Si alloy, and a copper alloy containing Sn, Ag, Mg, or Zn. The conductor may be compressed concentrically. The insulated wire is prepared by covering the conductor with an insulator.

Abstract: A packet transfer apparatus connects two networks of different protocols. The packet transfer apparatus, connected to a first communication network and a second communication network, performs the steps of: storing first destination correspondence information; receiving a packet of the first communication protocol; based on the first destination correspondence information, determining destination information of a packet of the second communication protocol corresponding to destination information of the received packet of the first communication protocol; generating the header of the packet of the second communication protocol, based on the determined destination information of the packet of the second communication protocol; converting the received one or more packets of the first communication protocol into one or more packets of the third communication protocol; and adding the generated header of the packet of the second communication protocol to the packets of the third communication protocol.

Abstract: A packet transfer apparatus connects two networks of different protocols. The packet transfer apparatus, connected to a first communication network and a second communication network, performs the steps of: storing first destination correspondence information; receiving a packet of the first communication protocol; based on the first destination correspondence information, determining destination information of a packet of the second communication protocol corresponding to destination information of the received packet of the first communication protocol; generating the header of the packet of the second communication protocol, based on the determined destination information of the packet of the second communication protocol; converting the received one or more packets of the first communication protocol into one or more packets of the third communication protocol; and adding the generated header of the packet of the second communication protocol to the packets of the third communication protocol.

Abstract: A packet communication apparatus includes a frame buffer of a linked list method and holds chain information and buffer size information, for structuring a linked list buffer for each user flow, in two areas consisting of an operation area and an update area. While usually in service, the buffer is structured by using the chain information in the operation area and the buffer size information in the same area such that the frame is read/written in the frame buffer. When the chain information in the update area and the buffer size information in the same area have been changed, a queue size is changed by reflecting the updated chain information and the updater buffer size information into the operation area, when both the read pointer and the write pointer respectively have gone around the buffer, or when there is no frame stored in the buffer.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image reading apparatus that includes: a photoelectric sensor including plural reading pixels aligned in one direction and output an electric signal depending on the amount of light from an image on the document; a read control section that reads a document image with the photoelectric sensor in accordance with a read instruction, and obtains image data; a black correction section that performs a black correction to adjust an output under dark condition of each reading pixel to a value within a predetermined range, the output under dark condition being an electric signal output when the amount of light input is zero; and a black correction execution determining section that determines whether to perform the black correction, when the read interval between each two document sheets of the multi-page document is equal to or shorter than a predetermined period of time.

Abstract: A conductor of an electric wire, and an insulated wire which are excellent in corrosion resistance and recyclability, of which the strength which is decreased by weight reduction and diameter reduction is improved. The conductor includes a strand which includes a first elemental wire made from pure copper and a second elemental wire made from a copper alloy. In the conductor, a cross-sectional area of the first elemental wire as a percentage of a cross-sectional area of the conductor is preferably within a range of 10 to 90%. Examples of the copper alloy include a Cu—Ni—Si alloy, and a copper alloy containing Sn, Ag, Mg, or Zn. The conductor may be compressed concentrically. The insulated wire is prepared by covering the conductor with an insulator.

Abstract: A packet communication system of this invention includes a user access device at a user point for providing a user with connectivity to a plurality of carriers, carrier communication networks linked to the user access device, and a carrier management network which controls and manages the user access device and communication devices. A communication device receives a control frame-inserting command from the carrier management network, and sends a control frame containing therein control frame transfer information that indicates which one of termination and send-back processing is performed at a destination device. In response to receipt of the control frame, a user access device that is the destination of this frame extracts therefrom the control frame transfer information. If this information indicates the termination then perform termination; if send-back, add thereto a header necessary for the send-back and then transfer it.

Abstract: A gas generator, including an igniter, a gas generating agent ignited by the igniter and generating gas by burning, and a holder and an AC cup forming therein a gas generating agent storage chamber filled with the gas generating agent. A housing formed of the holder and the AC cup is vertically held and fixed by a pair of plate-like members arranged parallel with each other. The gas generator also includes projections forming deformable areas which are deformed in a direction for decreasing the vertical outside dimensions of the gas generator when the housing is fixed by the pair of plate-like members. Thus, when the gas generator is fixed by the pair of plate-like members in the vertical direction, the dispersion of the outside dimensions of the gas generator can be absorbed.

Abstract: A packet transfer apparatus connects two networks of different protocols. The packet transfer apparatus, connected to a first communication network and a second communication network, performs the steps of: storing first destination correspondence information; receiving a packet of the first communication protocol; based on the first destination correspondence information, determining destination information of a packet of the second communication protocol corresponding to destination information of the received packet of the first communication protocol; generating the header of the packet of the second communication protocol, based on the determined destination information of the packet of the second communication protocol; converting the received one or more packets of the first communication protocol into one or more packets of the third communication protocol; and adding the generated header of the packet of the second communication protocol to the packets of the third communication protocol.

Abstract: Disclosed herewith is a packet transfer apparatus that carries out 1+1 protection switching for traffics to be received variably in both length and cycle. The apparatus enables flows to be multiplexed and the link usage efficiency to be improved without generating any buffer overflow errors. The data transfer apparatus, upon receiving the third sequentially numbered data from the first communication route before receiving the preceding second sequentially numbered data, stores the received third data in a buffer. And upon receiving the second sequentially numbered data from the second communication route, the apparatus sends the second and third data sequentially. Then, upon receiving the third sequentially numbered data from the second communication route before receiving the second sequentially numbered data, the apparatus sends the third data when a predetermined waiting time expires.

Abstract: A dielectric paste of the present invention contains a binder resin, a cross-linking agent, a thermal polymerization initiator, and an inorganic powder, wherein the content of the thermal polymerization initiator is 3 to 30 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of the total of the binder resin and the cross-linking agent. A method of manufacturing a plasma display, of the present invention, includes a first step of forming electrode patterns using an electrode paste, a second step of forming a dielectric paste coating film using a dielectric paste, a third step of forming barrier rib patterns using a barrier rib paste, a subsequent step of simultaneously firing at least the electrode patterns, the dielectric paste coating film, and the barrier rib patterns, and a step of performing curing after the second step.

Abstract: Disclosed is a glass paste containing a glass powder and an organic component, wherein a black pigment is composed of a complex oxide having a spinel structure and containing Co element and one or more metal elements other than Co element. Consequently, the glass paste is suppressed in color degradation at high temperatures, and thus enables to form a pattern having excellent color and degree of blackness after sintering.

Abstract: A display member, particularly a plasma display member, can be produced by a process including applying a paste which includes a urethane compound and inorganic fine particles onto a substrate and then firing the paste. The display member has a post-firing pattern without any defect.

Abstract: A gas generator comprising a first cup case 3 packing therein gas generant 2 to generate gas by the burning of it, a squib 5 having a second cup case E arranged in an inside of the first cup case 3 and containing an ignition charge D, a squib case 7 having a hole 20 and covering the second cup case E, and a holder 6 to hold the squib case 7 and second cut case E by crimping, wherein the holder 6 has holes 13, 14 for allowing passage of electrode pins 11, 12 of the squib 5, one for each of the electrode pins 11, 12.

Abstract: A gas generator, including an igniter, a gas generating agent ignited by the igniter and generating gas by burning, and a holder and an AC cup forming therein a gas generating agent storage chamber filled with the gas generating agent. A housing formed of the holder and the AC cup is vertically held and fixed by a pair of plate-like members arranged parallel with each other. The gas generator also includes projections forming deformable areas which are deformed in a direction for decreasing the vertical outside dimensions of the gas generator when the housing is fixed by the pair of plate-like members. Thus, when the gas generator is fixed by the pair of plate-like members in the vertical direction, the dispersion of the outside dimensions of the gas generator can be absorbed.

Abstract: An interconnection between fully synchronous networks of the prior art and next generation frame communications networks, which is required for the shift to next-generation packet networks and a broader-based connection service, is realized. Here, the first point is that a means of bidirectional frame format conversion between a synchronous multiplexing system and a logical multiplexing system is provided, and a method of transmitting data between different networks on a path as if it was being transmitted in the same network. The second point is that when converting network control information in an STM network into data suitable for a packet network, even across the boundary of a synchronous multiplexing system and a logical multiplexing system, a unified communication management means is provided over the whole path.