Abstract: Hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) is prepared by introducing a hexamethylenediamine (HDA) solution and an equivalent amount or more of hydrogen chloride gas simultaneously into a turbulent zone in the vicinity of an agitating blade in an inert organic solvent held under agitation within a tank-shaped reactor and allowing them to undergo a successive salt-forming reaction so as to obtain a high-concentration slurry of hexamethylenediamine hydrochloride (HDA.multidot.HCl) and then reacting the slurry with phosgene. The phosgenation is effected by charging an HDA.multidot.HCl slurry of a high concentration, such as that obtained by the above process, into a tank-shaped reactor held under a pressure above the atmosphere pressure but below 5 kg/cm.sup.2 G and controlling the amount of phosgene, which is to be blown into the reactor, at a level 1-18 molar times per hour the total amount of HDA.multidot.HCl and HDI in the reaction mixture.

Abstract: Diphenylamines or N,N'-diphenyl-phenylenediamines can be obtained by heat-reacting an aniline or a phenylenediamine with preferably an excess of a phenol in an amount of 4 to 20 moles per mole of the aniline or phenylenediamine in the presence of a hydrogen transfer catalyst and a cyclohexanone corresponding to said phenol.The excess phenol used in the reaction undergoes reduction in the reaction system to form a cyclohexanone, which in turn reacts with the aniline or phenylenediamine to form a Schiff base and is thus consumed. The Schiff base forms the intended product by means of a dehydrogenation reaction, and the hydrogen evolved at this time reduces the phenol to form a cyclohexanone.The phenol present in excess thus becomes in the system a solvent, a starting material for the cyclohexanone, and an acceptor of the hydrogen that forms as a by-product at the time of formation of the intended product.

Abstract: Diphenylamines or N,N'-diphenyl-phenylenediamines can be obtained by heat-reacting an aniline or a phenylenediamine with preferably an excess of a phenol in an amount of 4 to 20 moles per mole of the aniline or phenylenediamine in the presence of a hydrogen transfer catalyst and a cyclohexanone corresponding to said phenol.The excess phenol used in the reaction undergoes reduction in the reaction system to form a cyclohexanone, which in turn reacts with the aniline or phenylenediamine to form a Schiff base and is thus consumed. The Schiff base forms the intended product by means of a dehydrogenation reaction, and the hydrogen evolved at this time reduces the phenol to form a cyclohexanone.The phenol present in excess thus becomes in the system a solvent, a starting material for the cyclohexanone, and an acceptor of the hydrogen that forms as a by-product at the time of formation of the intended product.

Abstract: A sulfur-containing polyurethane base lens resin is obtained by reacting one or more isocyanate compounds, which have two or more NCO groups, with one or more OH-containing compounds, which have two or more OH groups, in such proportions that the molar ratio of NCO groups to OH groups ranges from 0.5 to 1.5. At least one of said one or more OH-containing compounds contains one or more sulfur atoms in the molecule thereof. The total content of sulfur atoms in all OH-containing compounds is 20 wt. % or higher.

Abstract: An improved process of producing 1, 3-dialkyl-2-imidazolidinones directly from N, N'-dialkylethylenediamine and urea with a high yield is provided, which process comprises reacting a N, N'-dialkylethylenediamine of the formula ##STR1## wherein R represents --CH.sub.3, --C.sub.2 H.sub.5, --C.sub.3 H.sub.7 or --C.sub.4 H.sub.9, with urea at 180.degree. C. or higher in the presence of a polar solvent, to obtain a 1, 3-dialkyl-2-imidazolidinone of the formula ##STR2## and preferably comprises carrying out the reaction at two stages, that is, the initial period reaction being carried out at 140.degree. C. or lower to from a 1, 1'-dialkyl-1 1'-dimethylenebisurea and successively the latter reaction being carried out at 180.degree. C. or higher.

Abstract: An S-alkyl thiocarbamate base lens resin is obtained by reacting one or more NCO-containing compounds, such as xylylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate and/or tetrachloroxylylene diisocyanate, with one or more SH-containing aliphatic compounds, for example, a di(2-mercaptoalkyl) ether.

Abstract: A sulfur-containing polyurethane base lens resin is obtained by reacting one or more isocyanate compounds, which have two or more NCO groups, with one or more OH-containing compounds, which have two or more OH groups, in such proportions that the molar ratio of NCO groups to OH groups ranges from 0.5 to 1.5. At least one of said one or more OH-containing compounds contains one or more sulfur atoms in the molecule thereof. The total content of sulfur atoms in all OH-containing compounds is 20 wt. % or higher.

Abstract: 4-Alkoxyanilines are obtained industrially advantageously by catalytically hydrogenating a nitrobenzene in the presence of a noble metal catalyst in a mixed solvent containing a lower aliphatic alcohol, sulfuric acid, and water or a lower aliphatic carboxylic acid or both to induce hydrogenation and a Bamberger-type rearrangement reaction. The mixed solvent contains at least 10 moles, preferably 30 to 60 moles, of the lower aliphatic alcohol per mole of the nitrobenzene, 1 to 10 moles, preferably 2 to 7 moles, of sulfuric acid per mole of the nitrobenzene, and 2 to 30% by weight, preferably 3 to 10% by weight, of water, the lower aliphatic carboxylic acid or both.