Abstract: An object is to provide a highly efficient and small-sized fuel cell module. To achieve this object, a cell stack 10, a reformer 20, and an evaporator 30 are accommodated together in a casing 50. The reformer 20 and the evaporator 30 are formed as vertical structures independently juxtaposed to each other and are disposed adjacent to the cell stack. The reformer 20 and the evaporator 30 are heated with exhaust gas resulting from combustion of off-gas released from the cell stack 10. Exhaust gas flow paths respectively are disposed to the reformer 20 and the evaporator 30 so as to let the combustion exhaust gas pass through in a vertical direction for heating the reformer and the evaporator. The exhaust gas flow paths of the reformer 20 and the evaporator 30 are connected in series through a connection pipe 60 above the reformer 20 and the evaporator 30.

Abstract: Combustor for a fuel cell capable of avoiding combustion instability and misfire while having a simple structure and capable of being reduced in size. The combustor includes a partially shielding member disposed in a gas channel for oxygen-containing gas passing. The partially shielding member partially shields the gas channel, thereby introducing part of the oxygen-containing gas passing the gas channel into a primary combustion zone formed in the inside area of the partially shielding member while allowing passing of residue of the oxygen-containing gas toward a secondary combustion zone on a downstream side in a gas passing direction relative to the primary combustion zone. A porous ceramic body is held in the secondary combustion zone and is of a ceramic foam having excellent heat resistance and gas permeability and includes an internal channel formed in a central portion thereof and an external channel formed on an outer peripheral side thereof.

Abstract: An object is to provide a highly efficient and small-sized fuel cell module. To achieve this object, a cell stack 10, a reformer 20, and an evaporator 30 are accommodated together in a casing 50. The reformer 20 and the evaporator 30 are formed as vertical structures independently juxtaposed to each other and are disposed adjacent to the cell stack. The reformer 20 and the evaporator 30 are heated with exhaust gas resulting from combustion of off-gas released from the cell stack 10. Exhaust gas flow paths respectively are disposed to the reformer 20 and the evaporator 30 so as to let the combustion exhaust gas pass through in a vertical direction for heating the reformer and the evaporator. The exhaust gas flow paths of the reformer 20 and the evaporator 30 are connected in series through a connection pipe 60 above the reformer 20 and the evaporator 30.

Abstract: A planar optical waveguide including a clad layer, an optical waveguide having a core embedded in the clad layer; and a groove formed in the clad layer and having a reflection interface for totally reflecting a leaked light leaked from the optical waveguide to the clad layer. Since the reflection interface for totally reflecting the leaked light is formed in the clad layer, the leaked light is prevented from entering into the tap coupler, and the variation of the branching ratio can be reduced.

Abstract: A planar optical waveguide including a clad layer, an optical waveguide having a core embedded in the clad layer; and a groove formed in the clad layer and having a reflection interface for totally reflecting a leaked light leaked from the optical waveguide to the clad layer. Since the reflection interface for totally reflecting the leaked light is formed in the clad layer, the leaked light is prevented from entering into the tap coupler, and the variation of the branching ratio can be reduced.