Abstract: A driver pre-abnormal detection apparatus includes: sensors to acquire travel environment information of a vehicle; an in-vehicle camera that detects the driver's sightline; and a controller configured to detect a driver's pre-abnormal state based on the travel environment information and the driver's sightline. The controller identifies a visual recognition required point to be visually recognized by the driver based on the travel environment information, determines whether the driver has visually recognized the visual recognition required point based on the driver's sightline, and detects the driver's pre-abnormal state based on a fact that the driver has not visually recognized the visual recognition required point.

Abstract: A driver state determination apparatus includes: an in-vehicle camera detecting a driver's sightline and head behavior; and a controller configured to determine the driver's state based on the driver's sightline and head behavior. When the driver is in an abnormal state based on the driver's sightline movement, the controller determines whether or not the driver's abnormal state a visual field impairment based on a change in each of a yaw angle and a pitch angle of the driver's head. When the abnormal state is the visual field impairment, the controller determines that the driver is aware of the visual field impairment when there is a direction in which the driver's sightline is not directed in the driver's field of view, and unaware of the visual field impairment when there is no direction in which the driver's sightline is not directed in the driver's field of view.

Abstract: An electronic bulletin board management apparatus and message notification method for permitting a user receiving a notification to quickly know on which bulletin board a message was posted. A communication system includes a message registry for storing data written from a plurality of communication terminals, in memory areas partitioned for the respective communication terminals, and a web server for delivering the stored data in a browsable state in response to a request from a communication terminal. When a piece of data is stored in the message registry by a writing process from one communication terminal, a mail server transmits a notification mail containing notification information to notify that the writing process was done, and a URL to identify a memory area storing the piece of data, in accordance with an instruction from the web server.

Abstract: Provided are a contents delivery management apparatus and a contents delivery management method capable of appropriately charging users, independent of stability of a network. A contents delivery management apparatus is configured to delete a one-time password checked upon delivery of contents, in conjunction with the delivery of the contents, and to generate charge information to a user only when the deleting process is finished. For this reason, for example, even if a network has communication error such as instantaneous chopping to cause multiple notifications of transmission completion of the contents to the contents delivery management apparatus, multiple generation of charge information can be avoided because the password corresponding to the contents once transmitted to the communication terminal has already been deleted from a password storage. Therefore, an appropriate charge can be imposed to the user, independent of stability of the network.