Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting production or secretion of amyloid .beta. protein, which comprises a compound of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein ring A is an optionally substituted benzene ring, R represents OR.sup.1, ##STR2## or SR.sup.1, wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are the same or different and each is selected from a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3, taken together with the adjacent nitrogen atom, form an optionally substituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, and Y is an optionally substituted alkyl group, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, if necessary, with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, carrier or diluent.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition comprising idebenone of the present invention is useful for prevention of the progression of dementia.

Abstract: The present invention relates to prevention or treatment a brain edema, an intracranial hemorrhage and a cerebral infarction by administering a pharmaceutically effective amount of a compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for inhibiting a vascular permeability enhancer, which the compound is of the formula: ##STR1## wherein A is halogen, --X--R.sup.3 in which X is O, S, NH or NHNH, and R.sup.3 is H, acyl, a hydrocarbon group or an aromatic heterocyclic group, or --Y.dbd.R.sup.4 in which Y is N or NHN, and R.sup.4 is a divalent hydrocarbon group, and R.sup.1 is H, halogen, a hydrocarbon group, a heterocyclic group or --Z--R.sup.5 in which Z is O, S or NH, and R.sup.5 is H, a hydrocarbon group or an aromatic heterocyclic group;R.sup.2 is H, halogen, a hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group;B is --W--R.sup.6 in which W is CH.sub.2, CO or CS, and R.sup.

Abstract: An aminoketone compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein ring A' means a five through eight-membered cyclic group which may be substituted and may contain one or two hetero atom(s) of O, S, N, as the ring-constituents; R.sup.1' means a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon residue which may be substituted; R.sup.2' means a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group; R.sup.3' means an aromatic group which may be substituted; R.sup.4' means a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group or aromatic group which may be substituted; n' means an integer of 2 to 7, or a salt thereof, is useful as an cholinesterase inhibitors and a cerebral function ameliorating agent.

Abstract: An aralkylamine compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 means a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group; R.sup.2 means an aromatic group which may be substituted; R.sup.3 means a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group or an aromatic group which may be substituted; n means an integer of 0 to 7; ring A means a five-through eight-membered cyclic group which may be substituted and may contain one or two hetero atom(s) of O and S atoms as the ring-constituents; and ring B means a benzene ring which may be substituted, or a salt thereof, which is useful as an cholinesterase inhibitor and a cerebral function ameliorating agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to unsaturated carboxylic acid amide derivatives of the formula ##STR1## wherein ring A stands for an optionally substituted aromatic ring; R.sup.1 stands for a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon residue or forms an optionally substituted carbocyclic ring with the adjacent group --CH.dbd.C-- together with two carbon atoms constituting the ring A; R.sup.2 stands for a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon residue or an optionally substituted acyl group; R.sup.3 stands for an optionally substituted hydrocarbon residue; and n denotes an integer ranging from 2 to 6, and salts thereof, as well as the production thereof.The compounds of the present invention act on the central nervous system of mammals and has a strong anti-cholinesterase activity, which can be used for the prophylaxis and therapy of, for example, senile dementia, Alzheimer's diseases, Huntington's chorea, et., and are useful as medicines.

Abstract: A cholinesterase inhibiting agent which contains an alkylene diamine of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon residue which may optionally be substituted, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 combinedly form, together with the adjacent nitrogen atom, a condensed heterocyclic group, R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon residue or an acyl group which may optionally be substituted and R.sup.4 is a hydrogen atom, or R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 combinedly form a group of the formula ##STR2## or --(CH.sub.2).sub.m+1 -- (m being 0, 1 or 2), A is --(CH.sub.2).sub.l -- (l being 0, 1 or 2) or --CH.dbd.CH--, X is a substituent or substituents and n is an integer of 4 to 7, or a salt thereof, which are useful as cerebral function improving agents for the prevention or treatment of senile dementia, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's chorea, hyperkinesia, mania and so forth.

Abstract: A compound having the formula (I) or (II) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom or an organic residue bonded via a carbon atom, R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom or a N-protecting group, --COR.sup.3 is an optionally esterified or amidated carboxyl group, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are the same or different and respectively a hydrogen atom or an acyl group or a chain or alicyclic hydrocarbon group optionally having an aryl substituent, R.sup.6 is NOH or O, n is an integer of 0 to 3, or R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 together with the adjacent nitrogen atom may form a ring or an optionally substituted benzylidene amino group, which is useful therapeutics of brain dysfunction.

Abstract: Dihydropyridine derivatives and acid addition salts thereof which are of use as prophylactic or/and therapeutic drugs for cardiovascular diseases, said dihydropyridine derivatives having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are the same or different and each is alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl or alkoxyalkyl; R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are the same or different and each is hydrogen, halogen, nitro, trifluoromethyl, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, cyano, alkoxycarbonyl or alkylthio; R.sup.6 is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, aryl or a pyridyl; X is oxygen, sulfur, vinylene, azomethine or a group of the formula ##STR2## A is alkylene; Ar is aryl or a pyridyl; m is an integer of 1 to 3; n is an integer of 0 to 2.

Abstract: Novel pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives represented by the general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is an aryl or heteroaryl group which may be substituted by one to three members selected from the class consisting of halogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy, nitro, amino, N-C.sub.1-4 alkylamino, N,N-diC.sub.1-4 alkylamino, hydroxy, trifluoromethyl, carbamoyl, N-C.sub.1-4 alkylcarbamoyl and N,N-diC.sub.1-4 alkylcarbamoyl;R.sup.2 is C.sub.1-4 alkyl;R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are independently hydrogen or C.sub.1-4 alkyl;R.sup.5 is hydrogen, C.sub.1-2 alkyl, C.sub.1-5 alkanoyl or C.sub.1-4 alkoxycarbonyl, the group R.sup.5 being attached at the 1- or 2-position of the pyrazole ring;X is C.sub.1-7 alkylene or a group of the formula:--(CH.sub.2).sub.m --Y--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --whereinm is 2 or 3,n is an integer of 0 to 3,and Y is oxygen, sulfur, imino or N-C.sub.

Abstract: Azaspiro compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently represent hydrogen, a hydrocarbon residue which may have a substituent, or an acyl group which may have a substituent; R.sub.3 represents hydrogen or a hydrocarbon residue which may have a substituent; each of X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 is oxygen or sulfur; Y represents oxygen, sulfur or a group of the formula: --N(R.sub.4)--, wherein R.sub.4 represents hydrogen or a lower alkyl group; m represents 0 or 1; n represents 0 or 1, and its salt are novel compounds, possess excellent brain function-improving action, and are of use as drugs for the prevention and therapy of senile dementia of Alzheimer type, vascular-type dementia and dementia derived from Alzheimer's disease, Pick's disease, Huntington's disease, Creutzfeldt-Jakob's disease, Parkinson's disease and spinocerebellar degeneration.

Abstract: A peptide derivative of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1-18 alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl C.sub.1-3 alkyl group;A is an amino or N--C.sub.1-6 alkylamino acid residue;B is a hydroxyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, or an amino acid or an amide thereof,or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof, can be advantageously used for the treatment and/or prevention of a disease including, among others, senile dementia (Alzheimer's dementia), cerebrovascular dementia, Alzheimer's disease, Pick's disease, Huntington's chorea, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Parkinson's disease, and dementia due to spinocerebellar degeneration.

Abstract: Dihydropyridine derivatives and acid addition salts thereof which are of use as prophylactic or/and therapeutic drugs for cardiovascular diseases, said dihydropyridine derivatives having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom or an aryl,R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are the same or different and each is an aryl,R.sup.4 and R.sup.6 are the same or different and each is a lower alkyl,R.sup.5 is amino or a lower alkyl,A is an alkylene,X is N or CH andm and n are the same or differentand each is 0 or 1,with the proviso that when X is N, R.sup.5 is amino.

Abstract: A mammal suffering from ischemic disease such as cerebral apoplexy, cardiac insufficiency, renal insufficiency due to vascular changes, etc. is remedied by administering to said mammal an effective amount of a compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein n is an integer of from 4 to 22.