Abstract: A bipolar transistor at least includes a semiconductor substrate including an N? epitaxial growth layer and a P? silicon substrate, an N+ polysilicon layer, a tungsten layer, two silicide layers, a base electrode, an emitter electrode, and a collector electrode. The N+ polysilicon layer formed on the semiconductor substrate is covered with one of the silicide layers. The tungsten layer that is formed on the silicide layer is covered with the other silicide layer.

Abstract: A thermoelectric conversion device and a manufacture method thereof are provided. The manufacture method includes an electrode board stamping process, an insulating frame molding process, a punching process, an element fixing process, a bending process and an insulating frame integrating process. Band-shaped plate members which function as heat radiating fins and heat absorbing fins and are integrated with insulating frame members are respectively folded-back in such a manner that the folding-back directions of the band-shaped plate members are alternately reverse to each other in the longitudinal direction of the band-shaped plate member. The insulating frame members are joined to each other to be arranged substantially in line, to construct an insulating frame unit. Thus, the component number and the assembly labor can be reduced, while the manufacture quality and the product quality can be improved.

Abstract: A bipolar transistor at least includes a semiconductor substrate including an N? epitaxial growth layer and a P? silicon substrate, an N+ polysilicon layer, a tungsten layer, two silicide layers, a base electrode, an emitter electrode, and a collector electrode. The N+ polysilicon layer formed on the semiconductor substrate is covered with one of the silicide layers. The tungsten layer that is formed on the silicide layer is covered with the other silicide layer.

Abstract: A thermoelectric conversion device has a series circuit including P-type thermoelectric elements and N-type thermoelectric elements which are alternately arranged and connected with each other in series by electrode portions, heat-exchanging portions directly connected with the electrode portions, an insulating board from which the heat-exchanging portions protrude to be held and are electrically insulated, and an insulating layer which is electrically insulating and arranged at least a substantially whole surface of the protrusion side of the heat-exchanging portion. An adhesive layer covers exposure portions of the heat-exchanging portions from an outer side of the insulating layer. The exposure portions are exposed to a side of the heat transfer media.

Abstract: A thermoelectric conversion device and a manufacture method thereof are provided. The manufacture method includes an electrode board stamping process, an insulating frame molding process, a punching process, an element fixing process, a bending process and an insulating frame integrating process. Band-shaped plate members which function as heat radiating fins and heat absorbing fins and are integrated with insulating frame members are respectively folded-back in such a manner that the folding-back directions of the band-shaped plate members are alternately reverse to each other in the longitudinal direction of the band-shaped plate member. The insulating frame members are joined to each other to be arranged substantially in line, to construct an insulating frame unit. Thus, the component number and the assembly labor can be reduced, while the manufacture quality and the product quality can be improved.

Abstract: A thermoelectric conversion device and a manufacture method for the thermoelectric conversion device are provided. The manufacture method includes a joining process for respectively joining heat exchanging members to thermoelectric-element pairs of an thermoelectric element module, an immersion process for immersing the thermoelectric element module and the heat exchanging members in an immersion sink where an melted insulating material is provided, and a baking process for baking an assembly of the thermoelectric element module and the heat exchanging members where the insulating material has been applied in the immersion process so that an insulating film is formed. Thus, an electrical insulation can be provided while a heat-exchanging capacity and an air-blowing capacity are maintained.

Abstract: A thermoelectric converter comprises a thermoelectric element assembly that includes a plurality of P-type thermoelectric elements and a plurality of N-type thermoelectric elements which are arranged in a predetermined arrangement pattern; and a heat-exchange element assembly provided with a plurality of heat exchange elements and a retaining plate retaining the plurality of the heat exchange elements, the plurality of the heat exchange elements being retained in a predetermined arrangement condition corresponding to a arrangement condition of the thermoelectric elements. Then, a plurality of joining sites between the thermoelectric element assembly and the heat-exchange element assembly are all together joined by joining members in a state in which the thermoelectric element assembly and the heat-exchange element assembly are stacked on each other.

Abstract: A heating device for a vehicle is provided with a radiation-heat generating unit for generating radiation heat, a first light-distributing unit for converting irradiation directions of the radiation heat into a substantial single irradiation direction, and a second light-distributing unit for distributing the radiation heat to at least one heating object in a passenger compartment of the vehicle. The second light-distributing unit slantways intersects the radiation heat which has the substantial single irradiation direction converted by the first light-distributing unit.

Abstract: A thermoelectric transducer includes a thermoelectric device assembly and a pair of heat exchanging member assemblies arranged at both sides of the thermoelectric device assembly. The thermoelectric device assembly includes a plurality of P-type thermoelectric devices, a plurality of N-type thermoelectric devices, a first holding plate for holding the thermoelectric devices, and a plurality of electrode members for electrically connecting the thermoelectric devices. Each of the heat exchanging member assemblies includes a plurality of heat exchanging members provided in correspondence with the plurality of electrode members, and a second holding plate located for holding the plurality of heat exchanging members. Each of the plurality of electrode members has an outer periphery that contacts one surface of the second holding plate in a state where the electrode member is connected to the heat exchanging member.

Abstract: In a thermoelectric transducer, a plurality of P-type thermoelectric devices and N-type thermoelectric devices are alternately arranged on an insulating board, and each of a plurality of electrode members is connected to two end portions of adjacent N-type and P-type thermoelectric devices for electrically connecting the adjacent N-type and P-type thermoelectric devices. Furthermore, a plurality of heat exchanging members each of which includes an electrode portion connectable to the electrode member and a heat exchanging portion for exchanging heat transmitted from the electrode portion are located at two sides of a thermoelectric device substrate to form a heat absorbing part and a heat radiating part partitioned from each other. The electrode portions and the heat exchanging portions have, respectively, the same shapes, and the electrode portions and the heat exchanging portions are arranged in the same direction in all the heat exchanging members of each heat absorbing or radiating part.

Abstract: A thermoelectric transducer includes a group of thermoelectric devices having a plurality of P-type thermoelectric devices and a plurality of N-type thermoelectric devices alternately arranged on a thermoelectric device substrate, electrode members for electrically connecting the adjacent P-type and N-type thermoelectric devices in series, and heat exchanging members including electrode portions connected to the electrode members. In the thermoelectric transducer, at least a plurality of electrode portions and a plurality of heat exchanging portions are formed continuously in a corrugated shape to couple the plurality of electrode members to each other along at least the group of thermoelectric devices, and the adjacent heat exchanging members are provided to be electrically insulated from each other. Accordingly, the thermoelectric transducer can be easily formed.

Abstract: A thermoelectric transducer includes a group of thermoelectric devices having a plurality of P-type thermoelectric devices and a plurality of N-type thermoelectric devices alternately arranged on a thermoelectric device substrate, electrode members for electrically connecting the adjacent P-type and N-type thermoelectric devices in series, and heat exchanging members including electrode portions connected to the electrode members. In the thermoelectric transducer, at least a plurality of electrode portions and a plurality of heat exchanging portions are formed continuously in a corrugated shape to couple the plurality of electrode members to each other along at least the group of thermoelectric devices, and the adjacent heat exchanging members are provided to be electrically insulated from each other. Accordingly, the thermoelectric transducer can be easily formed.

Abstract: A heating device for a vehicle is provided with a radiation-heat generating unit for generating radiation heat, a first light-distributing unit for converting irradiation directions of the radiation heat into a substantial single irradiation direction, and a second light-distributing unit for distributing the radiation heat to at least one heating object in a passenger compartment of the vehicle. The second light-distributing unit slantways intersects the radiation heat which has the substantial single irradiation direction converted by the first light-distributing unit.

Abstract: A process for fabricating semiconductor devices, comprises forming a surface film on the surface of a semiconductor substrate. The semiconductor substrate is doped with dopant through the surface film to form a dopant distribution layer. The doped surface film is removed, and then anneal is done to accomplish desired dopant profile of the box type.

Abstract: In an apparatus for supplying a fuel to a vehicular combustion heater which supplies the fuel from a fuel tank via a fuel pump to the heater which is mounted on an electric vehicle, discharging into atmosphere of fuel vapor from the fuel tank is restricted to the best extent possible. For that purpose, prevention is made of that discharging from the combustion heater of the fuel vapor which is likely to occur when the set pressure for opening a positive pressure valve in a two-way valve for the fuel tank is set high. Interposed in series between the fuel pump and the combustion heater is a one-way valve which opens when the internal pressure in the fuel supply passage has risen to a predetermined set pressure which is higher than the set pressure for opening the positive pressure valve, and a solenoid valve which is opened when the combustion heater is in operation.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a catalyst combustion apparatus includes a ring-shaped catalyst body for catalytically burning the mixture of the fuel and the air, which is disposed in a combustion cylinder. In the combustion cylinder, a fuel nozzle and an inlet for the air are disposed at one end side of the catalyst body, and the premixing chamber is formed at the other end side. The fuel and the air are supplied from one end side of the catalyst body through a through-hole formed at a center portion of the catalyst body and is mixed in the premixing chamber. In the premixing chamber, a flow direction of the mixture is turned toward the catalyst body. A part of the exhaust gas is introduced into the air at one end side. In this way, it is possible to simplify and downsize the combustion apparatus, while securing the preheating effect of the air by the circulation of the exhaust gas.

Abstract: Provided is a novel method of fabricating a polycrystalline silicon layer serving as a resistive element involved in a high frequency semiconductor integrated circuit device. The novel method essentially comprises following steps. A polycrystalline silicon layer is deposited on an insulation layer covering a semiconductor substrate, followed by a selective photo etching by using a photo resist as a mask, and further followed by a selective doping by using ion-implantation with employing a photo resist pattern so as to introduce dopant into the remaining polycrystalline silicon layer except for a peripheral area having a predetermined width thereby resulting in a resistive layer which comprises not only a doped area but an undped area fencing the doped area.

Abstract: As an element of an integrated circuit, an npn bipolar transistor is manufactured as usual in a transistor area covered on a semeconductor substrate with a portion of a field oxide layer by forming openings through the layer portion and forming a highly n-doped collector lead, a highly p-doped base contact region, and then a highly n-doped emitter region. A field oxide film unavoidably remains at a bottom of one of the openings that is directed to the base contact region. This is because p-type impurity ions are injected through the field oxide film on forming the base contact region. Either by thermal oxdization or by injection of oxygen ions, the field oxide film is given a high or excessive oxygen content. It now becomes possible to completely remove the field oxide film by chemical etch, as by hydrofluoric acid, and to bring an electrode into execellent ohmic contact with the base contact region.

Abstract: A condenser is connected to an outlet of a compressor. An expansion valve is connected to the condenser. An evaporator is connected between the expansion valve and an inlet of the compressor. A sensor detects a condition of refrigerant at an outlet side of the evaporator. A variation in rate of refrigerant flow into the evaporator is detected. A control device determines a variation in the detected condition of refrigerant which occurs in response to the variation in the rate of refrigerant flow. The control device judges a quantity of refrigerant to be insufficient when the determined variation in the refrigerant condition is equal to or smaller than a reference value.

Abstract: A rotary compressor comprises an input shaft, a compressor component and a clutch component movable between an engaged position where the compressor component is connected to the input shaft to allow a torque to be transmitted from the input shaft to the compressor component and a disengaged position where the compressor component is disconnected from the input shaft to prevent the torque from being transmitted from the input shaft to the compressor component. A hydraulic pump is drivingly connected to the input shaft to discharge a pressurized working fluid upon the rotation of the input shaft. The clutch component includes a clutch member disposed within a clutch cylinder and cooperating therewith to define a pressure chamber.