Abstract: An optical module with a first optical waveguide substrate having end faces; a second optical waveguide substrate which includes a first optical waveguide, a second optical waveguide, and end faces, the second optical waveguide substrate having an opening between the first optical waveguide and the second optical waveguide; and a first deflection device which is mounted in the opening, wherein one of the end faces of the first optical waveguide substrate and one of the end faces of the second optical waveguide substrate are coupled to each other.

Abstract: An optical module with a plurality of optical waveguide substrates having element mounting openings and end surfaces which are adhered to each other with an optical adhesive; and a plurality of light deflecting element arrays mounted to the respective element mounting openings of the plurality of optical waveguide substrates, the plurality of light deflecting element arrays including a plurality of light deflecting elements.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical waveguide structure capable of keeping intervals between the structure and optical elements within a certain range. When arranging a surface light emitting element and a surface light receiving element on a positioning plate provided on a substrate, elastic layers are provided between the elements and the plate. When fitting and fixing first projections of the structure in holes of the plate, second projections formed in a predetermined dimension on the structure are brought into contact with the light emitting element and the light receiving element. Therefore, intervals between lenses, and the light emitting element as well as the light receiving element are controlled within a certain range according to the dimension of the second projections. Further, stress occurring due to contact is dispersed by the elastic layers so that breakage of the light emitting element and the light receiving element can be prevented.

Abstract: An optical waveguide and a first lens are formed on an underlying surface. The optical waveguide guides light along a first direction. The first lens is continuous with one end of the waveguide and converges light radiated from the end plane of the optical waveguide and diverging along directions parallel to the underlying surface. A second lens converges light transmitted through the first lens and diverging along directions perpendicular to the underlying surface. A support member supports the first and second lenses. It is possible to prevent a shift of positions of the optical waveguide and lens to be caused by a temperature change and to prevent a light coupling efficiency from being lowered.

Abstract: An optical wiring substrate provides a slab optical waveguide having a refractive index different from a refractive index of other surrounding portions and a planar convex lens being provided continuously to a tip portion of an optical path of an optical wave guide including a core and cladding and formed on a substrate. The optical path of light passing through the planar convex lens is converted approximately by 90° with a mirror. The light reflected with the mirror is made as parallel light rays by use of a cylindrical lens.

Abstract: The waveguide-type optical device comprises a optical transmission element 12, an optical waveguide 20 optically connected to the optical transmission element, and a slab optical waveguide 30 formed of an electrooptic material and optically connected to the optical waveguide 20. In the waveguide-type optical device, a mode field width of the optical waveguide 20 has a value which is between a mode field width of the optical transmission element and a mode field width of the slab optical waveguide, whereby the connection loss between the optical transmission element 12, such as an optical fiber, etc. and the slab optical waveguide 30 can be small.

Abstract: An optical switch is arranged to have so simple a structure that the switch may be reduced in size. The optical switch includes an input waveguide for accepting an optical signal inputted from the outside, a plurality of output waveguides for outputting the optical signals to the outside, a collimate lens for collimating the optical signal passed through the input waveguide, an optical deflector element for switching the propagating direction of the collimated optical signal, a common waveguide through which the optical signal passed through the optical deflector element is propagated, and a light-condensing portion having a plurality of light-condensing lenses integrally formed therein, each of those lenses serving to image the optical signal inputted from the optical deflector element through the common waveguide onto each output waveguide.

Abstract: An optical wiring substrate provides a slab optical waveguide having a refractive index different from a refractive index of other surrounding portions and a planar convex lens being provided continuously to a tip portion of an optical path of an optical wave guide including a core and cladding and formed on a substrate. The optical path of light passing through the planar convex lens is converted approximately by 90° with a mirror. The light reflected with the mirror is made as parallel light rays by use of a cylindrical lens.

Abstract: An optical wiring substrate provides a slab optical waveguide having a refractive index different from a refractive index of other surrounding portions and a planar convex lens being provided continuously to a tip portion of an optical path of an optical wave guide including a core and cladding and formed on a substrate. The optical path of light passing through the planar convex lens is converted approximately by 90° with a mirror. The light reflected with the mirror is made as parallel light rays by use of a cylindrical lens.

Abstract: An optical switch has a slab waveguide for eliminating polarization dependency between a TE mode optical signal component and a TM mode optical signal component. Disposed on one end of the waveguide is a first deflection portion formed of electro-optical crystal and disposed on the other end of the waveguide is a second deflection portion also formed of electro-optical crystal, in which a half waveplate is disposed at a substantially center portion between the two ends of the slab waveguide. The optical signal propagated from the first deflection portion to the second deflection portion has a TE mode component and a TM mode component thereof switched with respect to each other by the half waveplate.

Abstract: An optical wiring connection structure includes a board that has a first end and a second end. A plurality of through-holes continuously extend from the first end to the second end in the board. An optical wire is provided in each of the through-holes so as to extend continuously from the first end to the second end. An optical connector is connected with each optical wire extending from the first end of the board.

Abstract: An optical switch is arranged to have so simple a structure that the switch may be reduced in size. The optical switch includes an input waveguide for accepting an optical signal inputted from the outside, a plurality of output waveguides for outputting the optical signals to the outside, a collimate lens for collimating the optical signal passed through the input waveguide, an optical deflector element for switching the propagating direction of the collimated optical signal, a common waveguide through which the optical signal passed through the optical deflector element is propagated, and a light-condensing portion having a plurality of light-condensing lenses integrally formed therein, each of those lenses serving to image the optical signal inputted from the optical deflector element through the common waveguide onto each output waveguide.

Abstract: An optical switch has a slab waveguide for eliminating polarization dependency between a TE mode optical signal component and a TM mode optical signal component. Disposed on one end of the waveguide is a first deflection portion formed of electro-optical crystal and disposed on the other end of the waveguide is a second deflection portion also formed of electro-optical crystal, in which a half waveplate is disposed at a substantially center portion between the two ends of the slab waveguide. The optical signal propagated from the first deflection portion to the second deflection portion has a TE mode component and a TM mode component thereof switched with respect to each other by the half waveplate.

Abstract: The waveguide-type optical device comprises a optical transmission element 12, an optical waveguide 20 optically connected to the optical transmission element, and a slab optical waveguide 30 formed of an electrooptic material and optically connected to the optical waveguide 20. In the waveguide-type optical device, a mode field width of the optical waveguide 20 has a value which is between a mode field width of the optical transmission element and a mode field width of the slab optical waveguide, whereby the connection loss between the optical transmission element 12, such as an optical fiber, etc. and the slab optical waveguide 30 can be small.

Abstract: An optical wiring connection structure includes a board that has a first end and a second end. A plurality of through-holes continuously extend from the first end to the second end in the board. An optical wire is provided in each of the through-holes so as to extend continuously from the first end to the second end. An optical connector is connected with each optical wire extending from the first end of the board.

Abstract: A prism pair is employed as an optical deflecting element. The prism pair is constructed by a slab waveguide, and first and second upper electrodes and first and second lower electrodes arranged on and under the slab waveguide. These electrodes are shaped into a wedge shape (e.g., triangular shape), and change the refractive index of a part of the slab waveguide by utilizing the electrooptic effect to change the propagation direction of light.

Abstract: An optical waveguide and a first lens are formed on an underlying surface. The optical waveguide guides light along a first direction. The first lens is continuous with one end of the waveguide and converges light radiated from the end plane of the optical waveguide and diverging along directions parallel to the underlying surface. A second lens converges light transmitted through the first lens and diverging along directions perpendicular to the underlying surface. A support member supports the first and second lenses. It is possible to prevent a shift of positions of the optical waveguide and lens to be caused by a temperature change and to prevent a light coupling efficiency from being lowered.

Abstract: An optical wiring substrate provides a slab optical waveguide having a refractive index different from a refractive index of other surrounding portions and a planar convex lens being provided continuously to a tip portion of an optical path of an optical wave guide including a core and cladding and formed on a substrate. The optical path of light passing through the planar convex lens is converted approximately by 90° with a mirror. The light reflected with the mirror is made as parallel light rays by use of a cylindrical lens.

Abstract: A prism pair is employed as an optical deflecting element. The prism pair is constructed by a slab waveguide, and first and second upper electrodes and first and second lower electrodes arranged on and under the slab waveguide. These electrodes are shaped into a wedge shape (e.g., triangular shape), and change the refractive index of a part of the slab waveguide by utilizing the electrooptic effect to change the propagation direction of light.

Abstract: A small glass electrode and process for preparation thereof, the small glass electrode having a bonded structure and comprising a reference electrode composed of silver/silver chloride, a glass substrate having a pad embedded therein, the pad being composed of gold or platinum and circuit-connected to the reference electrode, and a silicon substrate having a (100) plane selectively etched by the anisotropic etching technique and comprising a groove for injecting an electrolyte composed of an aqueous solution containing chlorine such as KCA, or HCA, at least one hole for holding the electrolyte and a glass film formed in a portion corresponding to the reference electrode. The structure of the small glass electrode may be produced by the disclosed process easily and at low cost. Additionally, the small glass electrode, in differing embodiments, may include a reference electrode and a temperature sensor.