Abstract: According to an embodiment, there is provided an apparatus which quantitatively evaluates a braze bonding length. A radiation emission unit emits radiation to each of a plurality of partial specimens which are obtained by cutting a specimen in a plane perpendicular to a braze bonding length direction. A light generator generates light of an amount corresponding to an intensity of transmissive radiation. An imaging unit photographs this light. A calculator calculates a braze bonding length of each of the partial specimens, from a light amount obtained with respect to each of the partial specimens, based on a correlation between a braze bonding length and a light amount. The calculator further calculates the braze bonding length of the specimen by totaling the braze bonding lengths of the respective partial specimens.

Abstract: An X-ray irradiating apparatus according to an embodiment is an X-ray irradiating apparatus that can transmit a maintenance electric current for suppressing the motion of a diaphragm in a subject, and includes an electric current outputting unit, electrode units, an electric current output controlling unit and an operating unit. The electric current outputting unit outputs the maintenance electric current for maintaining the contraction of the muscle. The electrode units, which are disposed on a skin surface of the subject, transmit the maintenance electric current. The electric current output controlling unit controls the electric current outputting unit to switch between a state in which the maintenance electric current is output to the electrode units and a state in which the maintenance electric current is not output to the electrode units. The operating unit performs the operation of the electric current output controlling unit.

Abstract: A thickness measurement apparatus and method to measure an object to be inspected. The thickness measurement apparatus includes: an ultrasonic wave transmission/reception device that receives/transmits an ultrasonic wave to/from a wall of a pipe to be inspected, covered with a heat insulation material; a support device that supports the ultrasonic wave transmission/reception device from an outer surface of the pipe to be inspected; a thickness calculation device that measures a propagation time of the ultrasonic wave received/transmitted by the ultrasonic wave transmission/reception device, and calculates thickness of the pipe to be inspected; a calibration board with a predetermined thickness greater than a thickness of a dead zone of the ultrasonic wave transmission/reception device; and a calibration board adjustment device that moves the calibration board toward and away from a gap between the ultrasonic wave transmission/reception device and the outer surface of the pipe to be inspected.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, there is provided an apparatus which quantitatively evaluates a braze bonding length. A radiation emission unit emits radiation to each of a plurality of partial specimens which are obtained by cutting a specimen in a plane perpendicular to a braze bonding length direction. A light generator generates light of an amount corresponding to an intensity of transmissive radiation. An imaging unit photographs this light. A calculator calculates a braze bonding length of each of the partial specimens, from a light amount obtained with respect to each of the partial specimens, based on a correlation between a braze bonding length and a light amount. The calculator further calculates the braze bonding length of the specimen by totaling the braze bonding lengths of the respective partial specimens.

Abstract: A thickness measurement apparatus and method thereof being possible to measure an object to be inspected with required sensitivity stability and accuracy is provided.

Abstract: A survey meter for measuring a radioactive contamination caused in an inner surface of a pipe includes a radiation detecting section and a signal processing section. The radiation detecting section includes a rod-shaped light guide unit, a reflecting portion connected to one end surface of the light guide unit, a photoelectric transfer unit, for outputting an electronic signal, connected to another one end surface of the light guide unit, and a scintillator unit provided to a circumference of the light guide unit.

Abstract: A survey meter for measuring a radioactive contamination caused in an inner surface of a pipe includes a radiation detecting section and a signal processing section. The radiation detecting section includes a rod-shaped light guide unit, a reflecting portion connected to one end surface of the light guide unit, a photoelectric transfer unit, for outputting an electronic signal, connected to another one end surface of the light guide unit, and a scintillator unit provided to a circumference of the light guide unit.

Abstract: In a radiation detecting apparatus, an &agr; ray and &bgr; ray are transmitted through a light shielding film but an incident light is shielded. A first light is emitted from a first scintillator by the &agr; ray transmitted through the light shielding film. The first scintillator has an emission center wavelength based on the &agr; ray. A second light is emitted in a second scintillator by the &bgr; ray transmitted through the light shielding film. The second scintillator has an emission center wavelength based on the &bgr; ray. The first and second lights are detected by two photo-detectors, respectively. The first emission center wavelength and the second emission center wavelength are different from each other.

Abstract: In a radiation detecting apparatus, an &agr; ray and a &bgr; ray are transmitted through a light shielding film but an incident light is shielded. A first light is emitted from a first scintillator by the &agr; ray transmitted through the light shielding film. The first scintillator has an emission center wavelength based on the &agr; ray. A second light is emitted in a second scintillator by the &bgr; ray transmitted through the light shielding film. The second scintillator has an emission center wavelength based on the &bgr; ray. The first and second lights are detected by two photo-detectors, respectively. The first emission center wavelength and the second emission center wavelength are different from each other.

Abstract: A radiation detector for detecting radiation comprises a scintillator, a first light guide, a plurality of second light guides and a photo detector. The scintillator generates a scintillated light in response to received radiation. The first light guide, which is connected to the scintillator, has a fluorescence characteristic. The second light guide has a common surface arranged at the opposite side of the surface of the scintillator where radiation is received, and the second light guide has a fluorescence characteristic. The photo detector is connected to the first light guide and the second light guide, and detects a fluorescent light therein.

Abstract: There is provided a radiation detector capable of discriminating a kind of rays in radiation. The radiation detector includes a scintillator and a discriminator. The scintillator scintillates depending on the type of radiation and generates a first output signal and second output signals after the first output signal. The second output signals vary the signal pattern thereof with a kind of rays in radiation. The discriminator discriminates a kind of rays in radiation based on the first signal and the second signals. The scintillator has multiple scintillation characteristics, and includes Gd2O2S (GOS) or Y2O2S (YOS), for example.

Abstract: A radiation detector D comprises: a scintillator 1, a main light guide 4, a wavelength shift fiber 5 passing through the main light guide 4, and an auxiliary light guide 2 provided between the scintillator 1 and the main light guide 4. The scintillator 1 is designed to emit scintillation light in response to incoming radiation. The main light guide 4 is surrounded by a plane 4a of incidence, for allowing the scintillation light to be incident thereon, and a reflecting surface for inwardly reflecting the scintillation light entering the plane 4a of incidence. The wavelength shift fiber 5 is designed to absorb the scintillation light entering the main light guide 4 to re-emit the scintillation light as fluorescent pulses of a longer wavelength to allow the re-emitted fluorescent pulses to simultaneously leave both ends 5a, 5b.