Abstract: According to one embodiment, a memory system includes n memory cells, each capable of storing j bits of data; and a controller. The controller is configured to write a first portion of each of first data to n-th data from among n×j data with consecutive logical addresses to the n memory cells one by one. The first data has a lowest logical address among the n×j pieces of data. The first data to the n-th data have ascending consecutive logical addresses. The controller is configured to write the first portion of one of the first to n-th data as a first bit of the j bits, and write the first portion of another one of the first to n-th data except said one of the first to n-th data as a second bit of the j bits.

Abstract: A communication device includes a control unit that obtains information related to Quality of Service (QoS) control and determines whether to transmit information indicating whether the QoS can be provided based on the information related to the QoS control; a transmitting unit that transmits the information indicating whether the QoS can be provided based on a result of the determination to another communication device; and a communication unit that executes radio communication to which the QoS control is applied, the QoS control being executed based on the information indicating whether the QoS can be provided.

Abstract: There is provided a catalyst that enables the production of isobutylene with a high selectivity in the production of isobutylene by dehydration of isobutanol. The catalyst according to the present invention contains at least one metal selected from Group 6 to Group 14 metal elements in Period 4 to Period 6 of the periodic table, in alumina which includes alumina consisting of one or more crystal phases of a monoclinic crystal phase, a tetragonal crystal phase, and a cubic crystal phase.

Abstract: Provided are: a catalyst for dehydration, with which isobutylene is able to be produced with high conversion and high selectivity through a dehydration reaction of isobutanol; and a method for producing isobutylene. This catalyst has a BET specific surface area within the range of from 210 m2/g to 350 m2/g (inclusive) as calculated from N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms. It is preferable that this catalyst is formed of at least one substance selected from among alumina, silica alumina, zeolite, and solid phosphoric acid. It is more preferable that this catalyst contains alumina, and it is especially preferable that this catalyst is formed of alumina. In this method for producing isobutylene, the isobutanol concentration in the starting material gas is preferably 20% by volume or more, more preferably 40% by volume or more, and especially preferably 60% by volume or more. In addition, the temperature of a catalyst layer is preferably from 230° C. to 370° C. (inclusive), and more preferably from 240° C.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method that can produce, with high yield or high selectivity isobutylene by means of isobutanol dehydration-reaction. An isobutylene production method of a first embodiment of the present invention is a method for producing isobutylene by means of isobutanol dehydration-reaction, wherein isobutanol is reacted using a catalyst for which the BET specific surface area is within the range of 60 m2/g-175 m2/g, and the reaction is carried out under a reaction pressure of 50 kPa-750 kPa as the absolute pressure. An isobutylene production method of a second embodiment of the present invention includes: using a catalyst which is filled into a reaction chamber and for which the particle diameters of at least 90 mass % of the catalyst are within the range of 700 ?m-1000 ?m; setting the isobutanol concentration within a supplied reaction gas to 30 vol %-85 vol %; setting the weight hourly velocity (WHSV) of the isobutanol to 0.

Abstract: Provided are: a catalyst for dehydration, with which isobutylene is able to be produced with high conversion and high selectivity through a dehydration reaction of isobutanol; and a method for producing isobutylene. This catalyst has a BET specific surface area within the range of from 210 m2/g to 350 m2/g (inclusive) as calculated from N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms. It is preferable that this catalyst is formed of at least one substance selected from among alumina, silica alumina, zeolite, and solid phosphoric acid. It is more preferable that this catalyst contains alumina, and it is especially preferable that this catalyst is formed of alumina. In this method for producing isobutylene, the isobutanol concentration in the starting material gas is preferably 20% by volume or more, more preferably 40% by volume or more, and especially preferably 60% by volume or more. In addition, the temperature of a catalyst layer is preferably from 230° C. to 370° C. (inclusive), and more preferably from 240° C.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing isobutylene with a high selectivity by a dehydration reaction of isobutanol. There are provided a method for producing isobutylene by dehydration of isobutanol, in which the dehydration of isobutanol is performed in a state where at least one of an organic acid and an organic acid ester is present in a reaction system, and methods for producing methacrylic acid and methyl methacrylate from the obtained isobutylene.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing isobutylene with a high selectivity by a dehydration reaction of isobutanol. There are provided a method for producing isobutylene by dehydration of isobutanol, in which the dehydration of isobutanol is performed in a state where at least one of an organic acid and an organic acid ester is present in a reaction system, and methods for producing methacrylic acid and methyl methacrylate from the obtained isobutylene.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method that can produce, with high yield or high selectivity isobutylene by means of isobutanol dehydration-reaction. An isobutylene production method of a first embodiment of the present invention is a method for producing isobutylene by means of isobutanol dehydration-reaction, wherein isobutanol is reacted using a catalyst for which the BET specific surface area is within the range of 60 m2/g-175 m2/g, and the reaction is carried out under a reaction pressure of 50 kPa-750 kPa as the absolute pressure. An isobutylene production method of a second embodiment of the present invention includes: using a catalyst which is filled into a reaction chamber and for which the particle diameters of at least 90 mass % of the catalyst are within the range of 700 ?m-1000 ?m; setting the isobutanol concentration within a supplied reaction gas to 30 vol %-85 vol %; setting the weight hourly velocity (WHSV) of the isobutanol to 0.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing at least one of an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde and an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid from an alcohol in a liquid phase through a simple process. Namely, at least one of an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde and an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid is produced by dehydrating and oxidizing an alcohol in a liquid phase at 110 to 250° C. in the presence of molecular oxygen and a noble metal-containing catalyst. Alternatively, at least one of an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde and an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid is produced by dehydrating and oxidizing an alcohol in a liquid phase in the presence of molecular oxygen, a noble metal-containing catalyst, and an acidic substance.

Abstract: An inward deformation of one side wall of a main body is corrected, since a shaft serving as a rotatable shaft of a door is in contact with ribs of a side wall. Additionally, an inward deformation of another side wall of the main body is corrected, since ribs of a side wall of door are in contact with side wall.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a catalyst which can produce an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid through liquid-phase oxidation of an olefin or an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde in good reaction performance, a method for producing the catalyst, and a method for producing an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid by using the catalyst. The present invention resides in a catalyst for producing an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid, wherein a metal is supported on a carrier with a total pore volume of 0.40 to 1.50 cc/g as measured by nitrogen gas adsorption method, or wherein palladium with an average particle diameter in the range of 1 to 8 nm is supported on the carrier.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing at least one of an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde and an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid from an alcohol in a liquid phase through a simple process. Namely, at least one of an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde and an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid is produced by dehydrating and oxidizing an alcohol in a liquid phase at 110 to 250° C. in the presence of molecular oxygen and a noble metal-containing catalyst. Alternatively, at least one of an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde and an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid is produced by dehydrating and oxidizing an alcohol in a liquid phase in the presence of molecular oxygen, a noble metal-containing catalyst, and an acidic substance.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a catalyst which can produce an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid through liquid-phase oxidation of an olefin or an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde in good reaction performance, a method for producing the catalyst, and a method for producing an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid by using the catalyst. The present invention resides in a catalyst for producing an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid, wherein a metal is supported on a carrier with a total pore volume of 0.40 to 1.50 cc/g as measured by nitrogen gas adsorption method, or wherein palladium with an average particle diameter in the range of 1 to 8 nm is supported on the carrier.

Abstract: An inward deformation of one side wall of a main body is corrected, since a shaft serving as a rotatable shaft of a door is in contact with ribs of a side wall. Additionally, an inward deformation of another side wall of the main body is corrected, since ribs of a side wall of door are in contact with side wall.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid in higher selectivity. The present invention resides in a method for producing an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid from an olefin or an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde in liquid phase by using a noble metal-containing catalyst and by causing a compound (A) having an acid dissociation exponent (pKa) of less than 4 to be present in the liquid phase.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid in high yield. In particular, the present invention resides in a method for producing an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid by oxidation of an olefin or an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde with molecular oxygen in liquid phase in the presence of a catalyst containing at least palladium, wherein at least one compound selected from the group consisting of p-methoxyphenol, 4,4?-dihydroxytetraphenylmethane, 1,1,1-tris(p-hydroxyphenyl)ethane, compounds having an N-oxyl group in the molecule and compounds having an N-nitrosyl group in the molecule is caused to be coexistent.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a catalyst which can produce an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid through liquid-phase oxidation of an olefin or an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde in good reaction performance, a method for producing the catalyst, and a method for producing an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid by using the catalyst. The present invention resides in a catalyst for producing an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid, wherein a metal is supported on a carrier with a total pore volume of 0.40 to 1.50 cc/g as measured by nitrogen gas adsorption method, or wherein palladium with an average particle diameter in the range of 1 to 8 nm is supported on the carrier.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid in higher selectivity. The present invention resides in a method for producing an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid from an olefin or an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde in liquid phase by using a noble metal-containing catalyst and by causing a compound (A) having an acid dissociation exponent (pKa) of less than 4 to be present in the liquid phase.