Abstract: An electrochemical fluid delivery device of the present invention includes a case, pressure generating part and fluid reservoir part. The case has a cover capable of being opened and closed. When the cover is closed after the fluid reservoir part is accommodated in the case, the inside of the case can be maintained in an airtight condition. The pressure generating part includes a power supply part and electrochemical cell part. When a direct current flows in the electrochemical cell part, gas is generated and accumulates in the airtight case. By the pressure of gas, the fluid reservoir part is pressurized so that the fluid can be delivered. The amount of gas generated at constant pressure by the electrochemical cell part is determined by a quantity of electricity (current.times.time). Since the amount of fluid to be delivered is proportional to the amount of generated gas, the amount of fluid to be delivered in a unit time can be determined by the intensity of a current.

Abstract: A sealed lead-acid battery which includes a container accommodating an assembled element. The assembled element has at least one electrochemically formed positive plate having a grid of an antimony-free alloy, wherein the plate is made of porous active material. The assembled element also includes at least one electrochemically formed negative plate having a grid of an antimony-free lead alloy, wherein the plate is made of a porous active material. A separator, having a plurality of projections on one or both side thereof, is inserted between the positive and negative plates. A layer of powder is placed between the positive and negative plates and around the assembled element. The powder is composed of a closely packed powder, which is acid-resistant and hydrophilic, and has gas channels within its interior. The powder is immobilized with an acid-resistant porous layer placed above the powder, wherein the porous layer is permeable to gases and liquids, and impervious to particles of the powder.

Abstract: A sealed lead-acid battery is provided containing a sulfuric acid electrolyte of a sufficient amount to perform charging and discharging of the battery which is impregnated and retained in fine particles of silica located and placed around an assembled element. In this way, an inexpensive sealed-lead acid battery which exhibits high discharging performance.

Abstract: A pasted type lead-acid battery comprising positive plates plated with a paste material containing anisotropic graphite, the graphite having such characteristics that the spacing d.sub.(002) of (002) plane is given by d.sub.(002) .apprxeq.3.35 .ANG.; the size Lc.sub.(002) of crystal in (002) plane is given by Lc.sub.(002) >100 .ANG.; and the size La.sub.(110) of crystal in (110) plane is given by La.sub.(110) >100 .ANG., and that it has the diffraction line of (112) plane, is disclosed. The pasted type lead-acid battery of the invention is excellent in initial performance and good in cycling life performance.