Abstract: A communication device (e.g., an vehicle-mounted device) comprises a transmitter that transmits a distance-calculation signal with which to calculate a distance to a partner communication device (e.g., a mobile device), a detector that receives the distance-calculation signal returned from the partner communication device and detects a phase difference between the distance-calculation signal when transmitted and the distance-calculation signal when received, and a calculator that calculates the distance to the partner communication device based on the phase difference detected by the detector.

Abstract: In a position detection system, a plurality of first communication devices each comprise a transmitter for transmitting a distance-calculation signal for calculating distance to the second communication device; a detector for detecting, by receiving from the second communication device a signal corresponding to the distance-calculation signal, phase difference between the distance-calculation signal when transmitted and the signal corresponding to the distance-calculation signal when received; and a calculator for calculating the distance to the second communication device, based on the phase difference. A second communication device comprises a transmitter for transmitting the signal corresponding to the distance-calculation signal.

Abstract: The connection verifiable information processing system of the invention comprises: a system service 5 which outputs a first transmit request to request an output of connection information, and which processes response information to the first request, the response information being described following a first format; a WDM driver 7 which outputs a second request to request an output of connection information, and which receives response information described following a second format that a WDM compliant device 8 outputs in response to the second transmit request, while remaining unresponsive to the first transmit request; and a second FSD 13 which converts the response information described following the second format received by the WDM driver 7 into response information of the first format that the system service can process.

Abstract: An echo cancellation circuit that cancels echo generated when an earphone-microphone is used, the earphone-microphone converting an input first analog signal into voice to be output and converting input voice into a second analog signal to be output, the circuit comprising: a cancellation circuit that receives input of first and second analog signals at a first input terminal and input of a third analog signal at a second input terminal, the third analog signal being generated depending on the first analog signal to prevent the first analog signal from being output along with the second analog signal, and that cancels the first analog signal included in the first and second analog signals with the third analog signal to output the first and second analog signals with the first analog signal canceled; a first load circuit disposed between the earphone-microphone and the first input terminal; and a second load circuit corresponding to the first load circuit and a third load circuit corresponding to the impedanc

Abstract: A random number generating circuit comprises a pseudo random number generating circuit that generates pseudo random numbers of an M-sequence; a physical random number generating circuit that generates physical random numbers; and a modulation circuit that modulates the physical random numbers generated by the physical random number generating circuit with the use of the pseudo random numbers generated by the pseudo random number generating circuit. The pseudo random number generating circuit can generate pseudo random numbers of a plurality of the M-sequences, and switches the M-sequences generated by the pseudo random number generating circuit based on the physical random numbers generated by the physical random number generating circuit.

Abstract: A random number generator comprising a plurality of pseudo random number generating units that can respectively output random numbers in specified pseudo random number systems, an output random number generating unit that generates output random numbers based on outputs from a plurality of pseudo random number generating units, a physical random number generator that generates physical random numbers, and a switching unit for switching between the necessity and the non-necessity of updating output values from pseudo random number generating units based on physical random numbers generated by the physical random number generator. Based on which pseudo random number system an output random number is generated is randomly switched based on a physical random number, making it very difficult to predict a random number compared with a conventional one.

Abstract: An encryption processing circuit which performs a permutation process of a common key block encryption system that permutes input data of plural bits according to a per-bit correspondence rule and outputs the processed data. The encryption processing circuit comprises a data input unit that receives the input data of plural bits, the data input unit having an output port that outputs the received input data of plural bits in parallel; a data output unit that has an input port to which data of plural bits is input in parallel, the data output unit outputting the data of plural bits inputted to the input port; and a permuting unit that connects the output port and the input port according to the per-bit correspondence rule.

Abstract: A data processing system provided with: input means for inputting stream data; management information decoding means for decoding management information transmitted together with the input data; file forming means for cutting the input data at a predetermined file length and adding part or all of the management information obtained by said management information decoding means to form a file; storage means for recording the formed file; and a cutting position definer for setting a start point and an end point of cutting of the file from the input data when the file is formed or before the file is formed, wherein the file forming means cuts the input data in accordance with the set start and end points.

Abstract: A random number generation device comprises a pseudo random number generation section that is capable of outputting random numbers of a plurality of different pseudo random number sequences, a physical random number generation section for generating physical random numbers, and a switching section for switching the pseudo random number sequence of random numbers output by the pseudo random number generation section on the basis of the physical random numbers generated by the physical random number generation section, where the output of the pseudo random number generation section is used as output random numbers. Since the plurality of different pseudo random number sequences are switched and output according to the physical random numbers, predictability of the random numbers can be reduced in comparison to a conventional random number generation device that uses only pseudo random numbers.

Abstract: In a position detection system, a plurality of first communication devices each comprise a transmitter for transmitting a distance-calculation signal for calculating distance to the second communication device; a detector for detecting, by receiving from the second communication device a signal corresponding to the distance-calculation signal, phase difference between the distance-calculation signal when transmitted and the signal corresponding to the distance-calculation signal when received; and a calculator for calculating the distance to the second communication device, based on the phase difference. A second communication device comprises a transmitter for transmitting the signal corresponding to the distance-calculation signal.

Abstract: A keyless entry system comprising a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter increases a first number stored in the volatile memory according to rules, and transmits the first number by radio. The receiver receives the first number, and if the first number is greater than a second number stored in a memory, outputs a signal to indicate being authenticated as correct and updates the second number to the first number. Further, each time increase in the first number becomes a multiple of a predetermined number, the transmitter writes into a non-volatile memory a third number equal to the predetermined number plus the first number. When the first number in the volatile memory is erased due to the exchange, etc., of the battery, the transmitter reads out the third number from the non-volatile memory and writes the third number as the first number into the volatile memory.

Abstract: A communication device (e.g., an vehicle-mounted device) comprises a transmitter that transmits a distance-calculation signal with which to calculate a distance to a partner communication device (e.g., a mobile device), a detector that receives the distance-calculation signal returned from the partner communication device and detects a phase difference between the distance-calculation signal when transmitted and the distance-calculation signal when received, and a calculator that calculates the distance to the partner communication device based on the phase difference detected by the detector.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a transmission/reception device for transmitting/receiving data and command signals from a transmission line, a recording/reproducing device for recording data received from the transmission/reception device on a recording medium during reception and for transmitting data reproduced from the recording medium to the transmission/reception device during transmission, an operation device for generating an operation signal for determining the operation of the recording/reproducing device, a control device for controlling the recording/reproducing device in accordance with the command signals or the operation signal, and a switching signal generation device for outputting a switching signal for determining whether the operation signal is valid or invalid to the control device.

Abstract: In the semiconductor laser device of the present invention, a semiconductor stacked structure including an active layer comprising a strained multi-quantum well structure is formed on a substrate 1, a cavity length is larger than 1000 &mgr;m but equal to or smaller than 1800 &mgr;m, and a low-reflection film S1 having a reflectance of 3% or less is formed on one facet and a high-reflection film S2 having a reflectance of 90% or more is formed on the other facet. The semiconductor laser module has a structure in which the semiconductor laser device is set to a cooling device constituted by electrically alternately arranging 40 pairs or more of the Peltier elements and holding them by top and bottom ceramic plates and sealed in the package. A grating having a reflection bandwidth of 1.5 nm or less is formed on an optical fiber to be built in.

Abstract: When transmitting encoded video data and audio data, a transmitter 201 also transmits a decoding method 107 generated by decoding-method generation means 203. In the case of a receiver 202, decoding control means 111 controls decoding means 208 in accordance with a received decoding method 113 and thereby, decodes video data and audio data 115. Thus, it is unnecessary for the receiver 202 to previously prepare all of a plurality of decoding methods and the transmitter 201 does not need to encode video data or audio data in accordance with the decoding method owned by the receiver 202.

Abstract: A plurality of digital signals having total data rates of n bit/s or less are input to a digital recording device recording digital signals having a data rate of n bit/s. The digital signals are subjected to format-conversion for the digital recording device to be recorded therein. Furthermore, signals having a data rate of n/i1 bit/s or less are subjected to format-conversion to be recorded i1 times in the digital recording device. In the case where the data rate of the digital signals to be input is n/j bit/s, the digital signals are subjected to format-conversion so that the amount of data capable of being recorded per unit time is decreased by i/j; thus, the digital signals are recorded for a long period of time under the condition that the data recording time is prolonged j times.

Abstract: A sound signal processing apparatus including extracting means for extracting from a composite sound signal, representing multiple sound sequences, digital sound signals corresponding to a portion of the composite sound signal. Each of the digital sound signals is individually sampled. Also included is a signal converter for converting the digital sound signals which have been extracted into analog sound signals.

Abstract: An apparatus for recording and reproducing digital data according to the present invention, includes: a group converter; a controller; a recording converter; a recording unit; a reproducing unit; a reproducing converter; and a group reverse converter, wherein the group converter includes: a block management data generator for receiving the management data from the controller and generating block management data with respect to the corresponding blocked data, the block management data having a variable-length and containing information concerning each blocked data; a group management data generator for receiving the management data and generating group management data containing information concerning the entire grouped data; and a grouped data generator for receiving the blocked data, the block management data, and the group management data, and generating grouped data by arranging the blocked data, the block management data, and the group management data in a predetermined order.

Abstract: When transmitting encoded video data and audio data, a transmitter 201 also transmits a decoding method 107 generated by decoding-method generation means 203. In the case of a receiver 202, decoding control means 111 controls decoding means 208 in accordance with a received decoding method 113 and thereby, decodes video data and audio data 115. Thus, it is unnecessary for the receiver 202 to previously prepare all of a plurality of decoding methods and the transmitter 201 does not need to encode video data or audio data in accordance with the decoding method owned by the receiver 202.

Abstract: An apparatus for recording and reproducing digital data according to the present invention, includes: a group converter; a controller; a recording converter; a recording unit; a reproducing unit; a reproducing converter; and a group reverse converter, wherein the group converter includes: a block management data generator for receiving the management data from the controller and generating block management data with respect to the corresponding blocked data, the block management data having a variable-length and containing information concerning each blocked data; a group management data generator for receiving the management data and generating group management data containing information concerning the entire grouped data; and a grouped data generator for receiving the blocked data, the block management data, and the group management data, and generating grouped data by arranging the blocked data, the block management data, and the group management data in a predetermined order.