Abstract: A method of manufacturing an optical sheet provided with a plurality of microlenses on a surface of a base sheet, includes the step of applying a plurality of hemispherical liquid materials of the microlenses on the surface of the base sheet, the step of setting the base sheet in a predetermined direction in which the gravity acceleration acts on the applied hemispherical liquid materials of the microlenses to move away from the base sheet, and the step of curing the applied hemispherical liquid materials of the microlenses.

Abstract: A diffuser panel includes a diffuser panel section that irradiates a display unit with light emitted from a light source while diffusing the light, the diffuser panel section having a first surface that faces the display unit, wherein the first surface is coated with a first material having a lower thermal emissivity than that of a material of the diffuser panel section.

Abstract: A backlight unit that includes: a light source emitting a light; and a diffuser plate that diffuses the light coming from the light source. In the backlight unit, the diffuser plate is provided with a plurality of ellipsoid-shaped microlenses, and disposed to make the microlenses and the light source intersect each other in each major axis direction.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an optical sheet, comprises: (a) discharging a first lens material in liquid form being a material for a micro lens on a sheet in a dot array; (b) semi-curing the first lens material arranged on the sheet; (c) discharging a second lens material in liquid form being a material for the micro lens towards gap portions between the dots of the first lens material; and (d) forming a micro lens array by full curing the first and the second lens materials.

Abstract: A process for forming a multilayer film includes (a) discharging a first functional liquid containing a first functional material on a substrate by a droplet discharge method to form a lower layer, (b) solidifying the first functional liquid on the substrate to form a solid lower layer containing the first functional material, (c) forming a liquid layer containing the first functional material on the solid lower layer, (d) discharging a second functional liquid containing a second functional material on the liquid layer and the solid lower layer by the droplet discharge method to form an upper layer, and (e) solidifying the liquid layer and the second functional liquid to form a solid upper layer.

Abstract: There is provided a method of manufacturing a color filter substrate. The method includes forming partition walls on a base member, applying a first functional liquid containing a first resin having translucency to a concave part defined by a surface of the base member and side surfaces of the partition walls, using a droplet discharge apparatus, and applying a second functional liquid containing a second resin having translucency and having transmittance different from that of the first resin to the concave part, using the droplet discharge apparatus.

Abstract: Provided is a chemical analysis apparatus comprising a mechanism which can efficiently agitate a substance to be agitated so that a sample and a reagent are agitated and mixed together in a shorter time with a saved consumption power, incorporating a plurality of sound sources or reflecting plates, and a reaction container is located between one of the sound sources and another of the sound sources or one of the reflecting plates, whereby sound waves can be irradiated toward the reaction container in several directions in order to efficiently fluidize a solution in the reaction container.

Abstract: An automatic analysis apparatus with a liquid level detection function includes a pipetting device for pipetting a liquid sample from a sample cup to a reaction container by using a pipetting probe that serves as a first capacitor electrode. A sample cup holding means serves as a second capacitor electrode having a ground potential. The conductor material is arranged along a direction in which the pipetting probe moves down for pipetting and is separate from the pipetting device. The conductor material has the same ground potential as that of the sample cup holding means and also serves as a second electrode whereby at any one time either of the sample cup holding means and the conductive material serves as a second capacitor electrode in combination with the first capacitor electrode.

Abstract: In order to surely and correctly detect the liquid level of the sample even if the sample cup (5) is not directly set on the sample disk (105), the cup (5) is mounted on the test tube (6) set on the sample disk (105) and moved to a sample pipetting position. A conductive material served as a liquid level detecting electrode is provided between the sample pipetting probe and said sample disk (105). The sample pipetting probe start to move down, and when tip of the sample pipetting probe contact with the liquid level, and change of an electrostatic capacitance between the conductive material and the sample pipetting probe is detected, the moving down motion of the sample pipetting probe is stopped.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for transferring a liquid capable of accurately performing detection of a liquid level using a pipetting probe even in a case of a high electric conductivity of a in-flow-passage moving fluid which transmits sucking and discharging operation of a syringe (107) to the pipetting probe (100, 400, 500, 600). The probe has a liquid level sensing electrode (103, 401, 501, 601) and an inner tube (102, 402, 502, 602). The liquid level sensing electrode capable of contacting with a liquid to be pipetted is electrically separated from an inner tube filled with the moving fluid, and the both are insulated by an electric insulating member (104B, 403, 503) between them. A container (111) containing the liquid to be pipetted is held by a container holder (112), and a liquid level can be detected by change in an electrostatic capacitance between the container holder and the liquid level sensing electrode of the probe when the probe is moved downward.

Abstract: An information management apparatus, for registering data of multimedia titles in a client/server system and supplying the data to users of client terminals, stores title management information for each registered title, including title identification and title storage location information, together with key word information which can be directly utilized to implement search techniques based on HTML files, relational database, etc. The apparatus enables client terminals having respectively different operating systems to specify storage location information for respective hypermedia titles created using the terminals, with problems of incompatibility of forms of storage location syntax between the various client terminals being overcome, enabling any client terminal to be used in accessing data of any registered title.

Abstract: A multimedia information distributing system for accumulating multimedia title data to supply title data in accordance with a demand from a client. The multimedia information distributing system is composed of clients and a server which are in communicable relation to each other. Each client includes a material and scenario storage information converting section having a conversion rule between an environment depending upon the client and an internal environment of a title server to convert material position information into a format agreeing with each environment. The client transmits material storage information and a title comprising materials and scenario to the server. The server registers the transmitted title through the use of the material storage information made in advance in the client to agree with the server environment.

Abstract: A method for producing a steel section by a rolling process including a rough rolling step, an intermediate rolling step and a finishing rolling step. The intermediate rolling step comprises water-cooling the flange portion of the rough-rolled steel section between rolling passes in the intermediate rolling step to cool the surface layer of the flange to a temperature not higher than 750.degree. C., and rolling the flange portion during recuperation of the surface layer of the flange at least one time between the rolling passes with a total draft not less than 20% and at an average rolling temperature not higher than 950.degree. C. and, after the finishing rolling step the outer surface of the flange is cooled at a cooling rate ranging from 0.5.degree. to 10.degree. C./sec depending on the thickness of the flange. Also the carbon equivalent of the steel is controlled. The advantage is that steel sections of various contours and dimensions can be produced from minimized varieties of steel compositions.

Abstract: An apparatus for cooling thin-webbed H-beam steel includes means for forcibly spray cooling the flanges of the H-beam in intermediate and final hot rolling zones. The cooling is based upon tracking information with respect to predetermined positions along the length of the H-beam. A plurality of flow quantity control blocks are disposed in parallel with each having a three way valve having a water supply side port, a nozzle side port, and a water drain port. A plurality of on-off valves connect the nozzle side port to nozzles in a nozzle group to select nozzles based upon the flange width of the H-beam. A variable throttle mechanism maintains pressure loss at the water drain side equal to pressure loss at the nozzle side. Switching of the three way valve of one flow quantity control block can be carried out without affecting other flow quantity control blocks.

Abstract: A projection type exposure apparatus and method comprising an exposure illumination light source, an exposure illumination system, a mask or reticle on which an original pattern to be projected on the exposed matter is drawn, an optical projection system, a stage for retaining the exposed matter and a mechanism for finely moving the stage along the exposure optical axis.

Abstract: Using an optical pickup, recording/reproducing of information is performed by irradiating light beams to an optical recording medium to form light spots. The optical pickup includes means for generating plural light beams, an optical waveguide for guiding the plural light beams in a row into a flat space, and a light deflecting element for deflecting the light beams, which run in the optical waveguide, within a plane formed by a vector perpendicular to a plane of the optical waveguide and a directional vector of the light beams. The light deflecting element deflects the plural light spots, which are to be arranged in a row, in a direction perpendicular to the light spot row to perform micro seek.

Abstract: A thin-webbed H-beam steel having a web thinner that flanges is produced by forcibly water cooling the outer surface of the flanges during an intermediate hot rolling prior to a final hot rolling by cooling to less than 700.degree. C., interrupting the cooling to return the temperature to greater than 700.degree. C., and repeating the cooling and interrupting in order to refine the microstructure of the surface of the flanges to a predetermined depth from the surface; final-hot rolling the intermediate-hot rolled H-beam steel; and forcibly water cooling the flanges of the final-hot rolled H-beam steel in a manner such that the web does not wave during this forcible water cooling, and such that upon completion of the forcible water cooling, thermal stress, generated in the web during air cooling to room temperature, does not exceed the buckling strength of the web.

Abstract: An optical waveguide is comprised of an optical substrate and an optical thin-film optical waveguide layer and formed such that ##EQU1## where .theta. is an output angle, n.sub.o1 is an ordinary refractive index of the optical substrate for an ordinary beam, n.sub.e1 is an extraordinary refractive index of the optical substrate for an extraordinary beam, n.sub.o2 is an ordinary refractive index of the optical thin-film optical waveguide layer for the ordinary beam and n.sub.e2 is an extraordinary refractive index of the optical thin-film optical waveguide layer for the extraordinary beam, and an electrode for generating a surface acoustic wave for diffracting light is formed on the optical waveguide to construct a collinear optical deflector.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a surface acoustic wave element comprising a substrate, an optical waveguide layer formed on the aforesaid substrate to guide laser light from a laser light source, a surface acoustic wave portion for deflecting or modulating the laser light traveling through the aforesaid optical waveguide layer, a comb-shaped SAW electrode provided on the aforesaid optical waveguide layer to cause the aforesaid surface acoustic wave portion to generate surface acoustic wave, and a terminal provided on the aforesaid optical waveguide layer and connected to the aforesaid SAW electrode to apply a high-frequency alternating voltage thereto, wherein a protection cover is bonded by a viscoelastic adhesive having a refractive index smaller than that of the aforesaid optical waveguide layer to cover the aforesaid SAW electrode and surface acoustic wave portion with air space in such a manner that the aforesaid terminal is positioned outside thereof, and the manufacturing method of the surface acoust

Abstract: A method and apparatus measures an image plane of a test pattern projected onto a surface of a sample disposed on a stage to precisely detect the image plane to thereby obtain a precise alignment therebetween for subsequent exposure. The test pattern is provided on a member having a conjugate surface with an upper surface of an illumination detecting unit having at least three optical sensors at different positions thereof and disposed on the stage. The upper surface of the illumination detecting unit has an analogous pattern to the test pattern on each optical sensor and, by moving the stage three dimensionally, outputs of the optical sensors are processed to obtain amounts of light and peak values thereof from which the image plane is obtained.