Abstract: Batch job data staging combining synchronous/asynchronous staging. In pre-processing, a stage-in source file, and a target file for stage-out, in permanent storage, are identified using a batch script. From data amounts, time for stage-in/stage-out to/from temporary storage are estimated. Stage-in is based on the time, stage-out being asynchronous, and each asynchronous staging is classified short/long term depending on the time, each staging being recorded in a table. If a source file is modified, incremental staging is added to the table. With a staging list scheduling for batch jobs stage-in is performed, monitoring progress in the table, and resources may be allocated for the jobs nodes without waiting for stage-in to complete. The job generates results in the temporary storage, and using post-processing, stage-out transfers results to the target file in permanent storage.

Abstract: Batch job data staging combining synchronous/asynchronous staging. In pre-processing, a stage-in source file, and a target file for stage-out, in permanent storage, are identified using a batch script. From data amounts, time for stage-in/stage-out to/from temporary storage are estimated. Stage-in is based on the time, stage-out being asynchronous, and each asynchronous staging is classified short/long term depending on the time, each staging being recorded in a table. If a source file is modified, incremental staging is added to the table. With a staging list scheduling for batch jobs stage-in is performed, monitoring progress in the table, and resources may be allocated for the jobs nodes without waiting for stage-in to complete. The job generates results in the temporary storage, and using post-processing, stage-out transfers results to the target file in permanent storage.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention include a job scheduling system configured to schedule job execution timings in a computing system; the job scheduling system comprising: a job information receiving module configured to receive job information defining a job pending execution in the computing system, the job information including an indication of computing hardware resources required to execute the job, and an indication of an allocation of application licenses required to execute the job; and a job execution scheduler configured to schedule execution of the job at a timing determined in dependence upon the availability of both the indicated computing hardware resources and the indicated application licenses.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention include a job scheduling system configured to schedule job execution timings in a computing system; the job scheduling system comprising: a job information receiving module configured to receive job information defining a job pending execution in the computing system, the job information including an indication of computing hardware resources required to execute the job, and an indication of an allocation of application licenses required to execute the job; and a job execution scheduler configured to schedule execution of the job at a timing determined in dependence upon the availability of both the indicated computing hardware resources and the indicated application licenses.

Abstract: A scheduling method for inputting jobs into queues provided for each of a plurality of information processing devices in a distributed processing system includes inputting jobs into each queue. A queue selection reference value is calculated for each queue, based on a predicted time at which processing of a job in execution in each information processing device is finished and a predicted time necessary for executing processing on high priority jobs input into the queue associated with the corresponding information processing device. A target job which was input into the corresponding queue at the earliest time is extracted from among the normal jobs input into all the queues. The target job is shifted to the queue having the smallest queue selection reference value. A new queue selection reference value of the queue to which the target job is shifted is calculated on the basis of a predicted time necessary for executing processing on the target job. Finally, a new target job is extracted.

Abstract: In an electronic bidding method used by a bidder to bid for a bid item supplied on a network, a virtual server is generated for each newly supplied bid item when a supplier makes an entry of the bid item for a bidding. The virtual server is secured until a bidding due date of the supplied bid item. Bidding forms transmitted from bidders for the bid item can be received via the virtual server until the bidding due date, and can be managed by the virtual server.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a radiation image reading system. The system includes a radiation source for irradiating a radiation toward a subject. The radiation source has a size “D”. A radiation detector in which large number of detecting devices for detecting the radiation transmitted through the subject are arranged in an array form, for generating an image signal of the subject by detecting the radiation transmitted through the subject by each of the detecting devices. An aperture of each of the detecting devices has a size “A”. Also included is a sampling section for sampling the image signal. The size A of the aperture fulfills a condition of B?A?2B. B is a size of a penumbra on the radiation detector. The size B of the penumbra is represented by B=Dx (R2/R1), where R1 is a distance from the radiation source to the subject and R2 is a distance from the subject to the radiation detector.

Abstract: A scheduling method for inputting jobs into queues provided for each of a plurality of information processing devices in a distributed processing system includes inputting jobs into each queue. A queue selection reference value is calculated for each queue, based on a predicted time at which processing of a job in execution in each information processing device is finished and a predicted time necessary for executing processing on high priority jobs input into the queue associated with the corresponding information processing device. A target job which was input into the corresponding queue at the earliest time is extracted from among the normal jobs input into all the queues. The target job is shifted to the queue having the smallest queue selection reference value. A new queue selection reference value of the queue to which the target job is shifted is calculated on the basis of a predicted time necessary for executing processing on the target job. Finally, a new target job is extracted.

Abstract: A X-ray image radiographing method of detecting a X-ray image passing an object irradiated with X-ray emitted from a X-ray tube by a X-ray detector, includes a step of increasing a sharpness of an image lowered due to penumbra by enhancing an edge of the image with refraction contrast enhancement.

Abstract: A radiation image reading system includes: a radiation source for irradiating a radiation toward a subject; a radiation detector for generating an image signal of the subject according to a raster scan technique by detecting the radiation transmitted through the subject; and a sampling section for sampling the image signal so as to make a Nyquist frequency approximately equal to a frequency of a zero point of a penumbra.

Abstract: In an electronic bidding method used by a bidder to bid for a bid item supplied on a network, a virtual server is generated for each newly supplied bid item when a supplier makes an entry of the bid item for a bidding. The virtual server is secured until a bidding due date of the supplied bid item. Bidding forms transmitted from bidders for the bid item can be received via the virtual server until the bidding due date, and can be managed by the virtual server.

Abstract: A radiation image capturing apparatus, comprises a radiation image detector arranged so a to face a radiation source or an object and comprising a scintillator to receive a radiation image and to emit image light; a lens unit array comprising a plurality of lens units and to focus the image light; and a plurality of area sensors arranged so as to correspond in number to the plurality of lens units and to convert the focused image light into image data; and a calibrating device comprising a repetition pattern provided at a light incident side of the plurality of area sensors and to conduct calibration to correct the image data converted by the plurality of area sensors on the basis of the repetition pattern.

Abstract: A radiation image detecting device, comprises: a scintillator to emit light in accordance with an intensity of radiation energy when being irradiated with radiation; a lens array in which a plurality of lens units are arranged in a form of an array, wherein the light emitted from the scintillator passes through the lens array; a lattice to partition the lens array, wherein the plurality of lens units are arranged on the lattice; and a plurality of area sensors corresponding to the plurality of lens units of the lens array, the plurality of area sensors receiving the light having passed through the plurality of lens units and converting the light into electric signals, wherein the scintillator, the lens array and the plurality of area sensors are arranged in that order.

Abstract: A X-ray image forming method, comprising steps of: conducting a magnifying radiography by irradiating an object with divergent X-ray emitted from a X-ray tube; and forming a X-ray image by detecting X-ray passing through the object by a X-ray detector; wherein the magnifying radiography is conducted to satisfy the following formula: 9E≧B, where B is a width (&mgr;m) of a blurred portion of the X-ray image caused by penumbra and E is a width (&mgr;m) of an edge portion enhanced by X-ray refraction contrast.

Abstract: A photographic combination for use in radiography to project a refraction contrast image is disclosed, comprising a radiographic intensifying screen and a silver halide light sensitive photographic material, wherein the photographic material comprises a support having on only one side of the support a light sensitive layer, the photographic combination exhibiting a speed of 200 to 750. A radiographic system comprising an X ray source and the photographic combination is also disclosed.

Abstract: In method of manufacturing a light transmitting plastic member having a desired optical characteristic distribution from a gelled base material having a rotation axis, the base material is places in a monomer having an optical characteristics different from that of the base material, and is rotated around the rotation axis thereof in the monomer so that the monomer is diffused into the base material while the base material is rotated. The light transmitting plastic member is made from the base material.

Abstract: A compact zoom lens constituted of, from an object side, a first lens group having a positive refractive power and a second lens group having a negative refractive power, in which image magnification is varied by adjusting the distance between the two lens groups. The first lens group is composed of a front lens component having a negative refractive power including at least one aspherical surface and a rear lens component having a positive refractive power. The front lens component is composed of the first negative lens and the second meniscus lens. The convex surface of the meniscus lens is directed to the image side. The following inequality is satisfied: .upsilon.n<35 where .upsilon.n is the Abbe's number of the lens which has a stronger negative refractive power of the two lenses in the front component of the first lens group.

Abstract: A small type zoom lens composed of 3 to 5 lenses, which is suitable for a compact camera. The lens has a telephoto type optical arrangement including a positive first lens unit and a negative second lens unit, both of the lens units being moved forward as a whole while narrowing a space therebetween during variation of power from a short focal end to a long focal end. The first lens unit has an arrangement of refracting powers substantially symmetrical with respect to a diaphragm to correct aberrations produced by the second lens unit composed of a negative single lens.

Abstract: A lens for a highly precise and fine projector that may response to a television of high quality must have a large aperture ratio and a wide field angle, and chromatic aberrations should be well corrected. A projector lens according to the present invention comprises, from a screen side, a first lens group including at least one positive single lens and negative single lens, a second lens group having a strong refracting power including one positive lens and negative lens, a third positive lens group having a relatively weak refracting power, and a fourth lens group having a negative lens with a concave surface having a strong curvature directed toward the screen, characterized in that the third lens group has at least one aspherical surface.

Abstract: An Albada type inverted Galileo finder which is suitable foruse with a compace lens shutter camera, which is small in size, and which is visible without occurrence of any ghost not only in an object but a finder frame.If lenses are disposed in order of negative, positive and positive from the side of an object and a reflecting surface of an Albada system is a surface on the side of the object of a positive lens, a finder which involves no ghost and is advantageous for correction of aberrations can be obtained. Furthermore, if the on-the-axis thickness of each lens is restricted to thereby provide a plastic lens, precision of molding can be improved.