Abstract: A semiconductor laminate film includes a silicon substrate and a semiconductor layer formed on the silicon substrate and containing silicon and germanium. The semiconductor layer having a surface roughness Rms of 1 nm or less. Further, the semiconductor layer satisfies the following relationship t?0.881×x?4.79 where t represents a thickness (nm) of the semiconductor layer, and x represents a ratio of the number of germanium atoms to a sum of the number of silicon atoms and the number of germanium atoms in the semiconductor layer. Also, the semiconductor layer being a mixed crystal semiconductor layer containing silicon and germanium.

Abstract: A hydraulic pressure control apparatus for stabilizers controls hydraulic fluid in a hydraulic communication path hydraulically connecting cylinders each operatively connected to each stabilizer of a vehicle. The apparatus includes a spool valve provided in the hydraulic communication path. The spool valve includes a housing, a spool accommodated in the housing, first and second spool chambers defined by the spool and the housing, and a biasing member for biasing the spool.

Abstract: In a suspension system (20) for use in a vehicle including a body, left and right front wheels (10), and left and right rear wheels (12), a front-wheel-associated cylinder device (52) which controls a relative displacement of the left and right front wheels, and a rear-wheel-associated cylinder device (62) which controls a relative displacement of the left and right rear wheels are associated with each other with a working fluid. A first-chamber-associated valve (190) is provided in a first-chamber-associated passage (90) which connects between respective first chambers (74) of the front-wheel-associated cylinder device and the rear-wheel-associated cylinder device, such that the first-chamber-associated valve is located between the first chamber of the front-wheel-associated cylinder device and a first fluid accommodating device (200).

Abstract: A vehicular suspension system having a fluid circuit including two fluid cylinders provided on respective front-wheel and rear-wheel sides, and two fluid passage systems one of which connects one of two fluid chambers of the fluid cylinder on the front-wheel side to the corresponding one of the two fluid chambers of the fluid cylinder on the rear-wheel side, and the other of which connects the other fluid chamber of the front-wheel side fluid cylinder to the other fluid chamber of the rear-wheel side fluid cylinder, the suspension system including a diagnosing device operable to diagnose the fluid circuit for any abnormality, on the basis of at least one of fluid pressures in the two fluid passage systems.

Abstract: A hydraulic pressure control apparatus for stabilizers controls hydraulic fluid in a hydraulic communication path hydraulically connecting cylinders each operatively connected to each stabilizer of a vehicle. The apparatus includes a spool valve provided in the hydraulic communication path. The spool valve includes a housing, a spool accommodated in the housing, first and second spool chambers defined by the spool and the housing, and a biasing member for biasing the spool.

Abstract: In a suspension system (20) for use in a vehicle including a body, left and right front wheels (10), and left and right rear wheels (12), a front-wheel-associated cylinder device (52) which controls a relative displacement of the left and right front wheels, and a rear-wheel-associated cylinder device (62) which controls a relative displacement of the left and right rear wheels are associated with each other with a working fluid. A first-chamber-associated valve (190) is provided in a first-chamber-associated passage (90) which connects between respective first chambers (74) of the front-wheel-associated cylinder device and the rear-wheel-associated cylinder device, such that the first-chamber-associated valve is located between the first chamber of the front-wheel-associated cylinder device and a first fluid accommodating device (200).

Abstract: The object of this invention is to detect an abnormality of a roll-motion restricting device including a hydraulic circuit. It is possible to determine that a fluid leakage takes place if actual fluid pressure in fluid passages 72, 74 connecting the corresponding fluid chambers of front-wheel-side hydraulic cylinder 30 and rear-wheel-side hydraulic cylinder 60 is lower than a value determined by a lateral acceleration value of a vehicle. On the basis of a relationship between a state of rolling of the vehicle and the fluid pressure, the hydraulic circuit can be diagnosed for any abnormality.

Abstract: A first hydraulic pump and a second hydraulic pump are respectively mounted to both ends of a rotary shaft in an electric motor, whereby it is possible to drive both of the first hydraulic pump and the second hydraulic pump by one electric motor. Since the electric motor is driven and controlled so as to have any higher rotational speed among a rotational speed of the first hydraulic pump for obtaining an amount of working fluid required in a hydraulic control circuit for a power steering apparatus and a rotational speed of the second hydraulic pump for obtaining an amount of working fluid required in a hydraulic control circuit for a power train by a hydraulic pump drive controlling portion, it is possible to necessarily and sufficiently secure the working fluids respectively required in the power steering hydraulic control circuit and the power train hydraulic control circuit which are independent from each other, by a little electric power consumption.

Abstract: A first hydraulic pump and a second hydraulic pump are respectively mounted to both ends of a rotary shaft in an electric motor, whereby it is possible to drive both of the first hydraulic pump and the second hydraulic pump by one electric motor. Since the electric motor is driven and controlled so as to have any higher rotational speed among a rotational speed of the first hydraulic pump for obtaining an amount of working fluid required in a hydraulic control circuit for a power steering apparatus and a rotational speed of the second hydraulic pump for obtaining an amount of working fluid required in a hydraulic control circuit for a power train by a hydraulic pump drive controlling portion, it is possible to necessarily and sufficiently secure the working fluids respectively required in the power steering hydraulic control circuit and the power train hydraulic control circuit which are independent from each other, by a little electric power consumption.