Abstract: A large current electron beam is stably emitted from an electron gun of a charged particle beam device. The electron gun of the charged particle beam device includes: a SE tip 202; a suppressor 303 disposed rearward of a distal end of the SE tip; a cup-shaped extraction electrode 204 including a bottom surface and a cylindrical portion and enclosing the SE tip and the suppressor; and an insulator 208 holding the suppressor and the extraction electrode. A shield electrode 301 of a conductive metal having a cylindrical portion 302 is provided between the suppressor and the cylindrical portion of the extraction electrode. A voltage lower than a voltage of the SE tip is applied to the shield electrode.

Abstract: Provided is an active noise cancellation apparatus capable of reliably reducing road noise by a technique other than mounting a vibration generator on a floor panel itself or another plate-like interior part itself, while reducing costs and size of the apparatus. A reference signal detector is mounted on a knuckle and the vibration generator is mounted on a wheel housing or a suspension member. An error signal detector detects vibration of the wheel housing or vibration of the suspension member as an error signal, or detects sound in a vehicle interior as an error signal. A controller controls the vibration generator based on the reference signal and the error signal so as to reduce the error signal.

Abstract: Provided is an active noise cancellation apparatus capable of reliably reducing road noise by a technique other than mounting a vibration generator on a floor panel itself or another plate-like interior part itself, while reducing costs and size of the apparatus. A reference signal detector is mounted on a knuckle and the vibration generator is mounted on a wheel housing or a suspension member. An error signal detector detects vibration of the wheel housing or vibration of the suspension member as an error signal, or detects sound in a vehicle interior as an error signal. A controller controls the vibration generator based on the reference signal and the error signal so as to reduce the error signal.

Abstract: A fluid-filled type engine mount having a pressure receiving chamber and an equilibrium chamber connected together through a first orifice passage, and an intermediate chamber connected to the equilibrium chamber through a second orifice passage. The intermediate chamber is partially defined by a movable film, and the pressure-receiving chamber and the intermediate chamber are situated to either side of the movable film. The movable film is a tabular rubber elastic body, and is imparted with non-linear spring properties in response to elastic deformation in a width direction thereof so that its deformation during input of idling vibration occurs in a low spring properties zone, whereas its deformation during input of vibration of greater amplitude than the idling vibration in a higher frequency range than a resonance frequency of the first orifice passage reaches a high spring properties zone.

Abstract: A subframe structure for an automotive vehicle wherein a subframe is attached through a rubber mount to a vehicle body, suspension components are assembled onto the subframe so that the suspension components are held connected to the vehicle body through the subframe, and a detecting assembly capable of providing an output signal according to a load that acts between a subframe and a vehicle body is provided. A rubber mount for use in this subframe structure is also disclosed.

Abstract: A vibration damping device for use in a automotive suspension system, adapted to be disposed at a linking portion between a body of the vehicle and a suspension member that connects and supports a wheel on the body is disclosed. The vibration damping device comprises a load sensing unit adapted to sense a signal corresponding to a load exerted between the body and the suspension member. A suspension system equipped with the same is also disclosed.

Abstract: A vibration damping device for use in a automotive suspension system, adapted to be disposed at a linking portion between a body of the vehicle and a suspension member that connects and supports a wheel on the body is disclosed. The vibration damping device comprises a load sensing unit adapted to sense a signal corresponding to a load exerted between the body and the suspension member. A suspension system equipped with the same is also disclosed.

Abstract: A vibration damping device for use in a automotive suspension system, adapted to be disposed at a linking portion between a body of the vehicle and a suspension member that connects and supports a wheel on the body is disclosed. The vibration damping device comprises a load sensing unit adapted to sense a signal corresponding to a load exerted between the body and the suspension member. A suspension system equipped with the same is also disclosed.

Abstract: A fluid-filled type engine mount having a pressure receiving chamber and an equilibrium chamber connected together through a first orifice passage, and an intermediate chamber connected to the equilibrium chamber through a second orifice passage. The intermediate chamber is partially defined by a movable film, and the pressure-receiving chamber and the intermediate chamber are situated to either side of the movable film. The movable film is a tabular rubber elastic body, and is imparted with non-linear spring properties in response to elastic deformation in a width direction thereof so that its deformation during input of idling vibration occurs in a low spring properties zone, whereas its deformation during input of vibration of greater amplitude than the idling vibration in a higher frequency range than a resonance frequency of the first orifice passage reaches a high spring properties zone.

Abstract: A mounting structure for mounting a steer-by-wire vehicle steering apparatus on a vehicle body side, comprising: a housing for rotatably retaining therein one end of a steering shaft of the steering apparatus, while retaining therein an actuator for exerting reactive force in order to impart reactive force in response to turning of an operating member fastened to an other end of the steering shaft that projects from the housing and rotatable together with the steering shaft; and a plurality of mounting portions disposed about a turning axis of the operating member so as to extend diametrically outwardly, the mounting portions fastened at respective fastener portions thereof to a vehicle body side at multiple locations, at least one of the fastener portions of the mounting portions is fastened to the body side via a rubber elastic body so that the housing is elastically supported on the body side.

Abstract: A subframe structure for an automotive vehicle wherein a subframe is attached through a rubber mount to a vehicle body, suspension components are assembled onto the subframe so that the suspension components are held connected to the vehicle body through the subframe, and a detecting assembly capable of providing an output signal according to a load that acts between a subframe and a vehicle body is provided. A rubber mount for use in this subframe structure is also disclosed.

Abstract: A fluid-filled vibration-damping device including an elastic body elastically connecting a first and a second mounting member, a pressure-receiving chamber disposed inward of and partially defined by the elastic body, and a flexible rubber layer disposed outwardly of and cooperating with the elastic body to form an equilibrium chamber held in fluid communication with the pressure-receiving chamber through a first orifice passage. The first mounting member includes an elastic-body central member and a rubber-layer central member, which are fixed together at their abutting surfaces by a fixing mechanism, to constitute the first mounting member, and positioned relative to each other by an engagement of a fitting recess and projection formed on their abutting surfaces. A peripheral portion of an interface between the abutting surfaces of the elastic-body central member and said rubber-layer central member entirely faces the equilibrium chamber and/or the pressure-receiving chamber.

Abstract: A mounting structure for mounting a steer-by-wire vehicle steering apparatus on a vehicle body side, comprising: a housing for rotatably retaining therein one end of a steering shaft of the steering apparatus, while retaining therein an actuator for exerting reactive force in order to impart reactive force in response to turning of an operating member fastened to an other end of the steering shaft that projects from the housing and rotatable together with the steering shaft; and a plurality of mounting portions disposed about a turning axis of the operating member so as to extend diametrically outwardly, the mounting portions fastened at respective fastener portions thereof to a vehicle body side at multiple locations, at least one of the fastener portions of the mounting portions is fastened to the body side via a rubber elastic body so that the housing is elastically supported on the body side.

Abstract: A vibration damping device for use in a automotive suspension system, adapted to be disposed at a linking portion between a body of the vehicle and a suspension member that connects and supports a wheel on the body is disclosed. The vibration damping device comprises a load sensing unit adapted to sense a signal corresponding to a load exerted between the body and the suspension member. A suspension system equipped with the same is also disclosed.

Abstract: A fluid-filled vibration-damping device including an elastic body elastically connecting a first and a second mounting member, a pressure-receiving chamber disposed inward of and partially defined by the elastic body, and a flexible rubber layer disposed outwardly of and cooperating with the elastic body to form an equilibrium chamber held in fluid communication with the pressure-receiving chamber through a first orifice passage. The first mounting member includes an elastic-body central member and a rubber-layer central member, which are fixed together at their abutting surfaces by a fixing mechanism, to constitute the first mounting member, and positioned relative to each other by an engagement of a fitting recess and projection formed on their abutting surfaces. A peripheral portion of an interface between the abutting surfaces of the elastic-body central member and said rubber-layer central member entirely faces the equilibrium chamber and/or the pressure-receiving chamber.

Abstract: An accumulator comprising: (a) a vessel body having an inner space; (b) a deformable partition member fixedly disposed in the inner space so as to fluid-tightly divide the inner space into a gas chamber charged with a suitable pressurized gas, and a fluid chamber connectable through a communicating passage with a piping system for permitting flows of a working fluid through the communicating passage between the piping system and the fluid chamber in response to variations of the pressure of the working fluid, so as to minimize the variations; and (c) an opening and closing device disposed in the communicating passage, the opening and closing device opening the communicating passage thereby to permit the flows of the working fluid except when a rate of increase of the pressure of the working fluid is higher than a predetermined upper limit, the opening and closing device closing the communicating passage thereby to inhibit the flows of the working fluid when the rate is higher than the predetermined upper limi