Abstract: A release layer, which contains fluoropolymers is applied on a die surface of a shaping die, and is baked. An elastic layer is applied onto the external surface of the release layer and is baked. A supporting layer containing heat-resistant synthetic resin is applied onto the external surface of the elastic layer, and is dried. The dried supporting layer is polished to remove the unevenness, and the supporting layer is baked. The release layer, the elastic layer and the supporting layer are turned inside out to be removed from the die surface. The evenness of the fixing belt is improved, and the pressure unevenness is reduced.

Abstract: An image forming device includes a developer carrier (1) for carrying a charged developer (2), and a developer passing controller (3) for applying a voltage corresponding to an image. signal to a plurality of control electrodes (10) to control the passing of said developer (2), the developer passing controller having a plurality of developer passing holes (4) through which the developer (2) passes and said control electrodes being arranged to surround the surroundings of the developer passing holes. The width (W1) of a control electrode row (5) in the longitudinal direction where the control electrodes (10) are arranged is wider than the width (W2) of an image forming area, and both ends (B1, B2) of the control electrode row (5) in the longitudinal direction are arranged outside the width (W2) of an image forming area.

Abstract: A method for forming a pattern on a surface of a panel substrate, includes electrically charging pattern-forming material particles, jetting out the electrically charged pattern-forming material particles through a nozzle by applying electrostatic force to the pattern-forming material particles to form a pattern, and fixing the pattern onto the panel substrate.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus has a toner carrier and a toner passing control having a plurality of toner passing holes for controlling passage of a toner. The toner passing control has upstream side secured, the downstream side extended by a spring, and is contacted with a stay on the downstream side of the contact point with the toner carrier, so that corrugation deformation is prevented. A vibrating plate and an ultrasonic vibration generator are coupled through a coupling portion, thereby relative displacement between the vibrating plate and the ultrasonic vibration generator is allowed. A detachable toner cartridge is formed by integrating a developing roller and a toner storing container.

Abstract: The image forming apparatus includes a toner holding element 10 and a toner passage controller 4 having a plurality of toner passage holes 14, for controlling passage of toner 3. In order to prevent shortage of toner supply from the toner holding element 10 and form a high-quality image at a sufficient image density without producing thin white lines in such an image forming apparatus, the traveling speed of the toner holding element 10 is preset based on the traveling speed of an image receiving means 7 and at least one of the weight per unit area or the length in the scanning direction of the toner 3 that is applied to an image receiving means 7, the weight per unit area of the toner 3 held on the toner holding element 10 or the length of a toner-less region in the main scanning direction, and the number of pixels successively formed at different positions in the main scanning direction through the same toner passage hole 14.

Abstract: An image forming device including a toner holder 10 and a toner passage control device 4 including a plurality of toner passage holes 14 for controlling the passage of a toner 3, wherein a spacer member 22 arranged between the toner holder 10 and the toner passage control device 4 for maintaining the distance therebetween to be substantially constant has a predetermined surface roughness and a predetermined hardness while having a rigidity such that irregularities on the surface of the toner passage control device 4 are not transferred onto a toner layer 3a, so as to prevent the toner layer 3a on the toner holder 10 from being scratched and to form a high-quality image both in an initial stage of a recording operation and in a long-term use.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus for use in a printer for computers and the like includes an image forming head (7) between a developing sleeve (2) and an opposing electrode. (6). Control electrodes (19) are provided around respective openings (16) of the head (7), so that the openings (16) are electrostatically opened and closed by controlling a voltage applied to the respective control electrodes (19). In order to prevent the openings (16) of the head (7) from being clogged with toner (5), the percentage of the area of the opening (16) to the sum of the area of the extent of the control electrode (19) around the opening (16) and the area of the opening (16) is set to 8% or more.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus of the present invention, image signal electrodes are provided on a flexible printed circuit base in opposing relation to a developer carrying member such that they are disposed around the openings of developer passage holes, different voltages are applied thereto during dot formation and during non-dot formation, a throttle electrode is provided on the flexible printed circuit base in opposing relation to a counter electrode, a voltage always lower than the voltage applied to the image signal electrodes is applied to the throttle electrode when a developer of negative polarity is applied, and a voltage always higher than the voltage applied to the image signal electrodes is applied to the throttle electrode when a developer of positive polarity is applied.

Abstract: An image forming device includes a toner carrier (1) for holding and conveying charged toner (2), and a toner passage controller (3) including a plurality of holes (4) through which toner (2) is passed and control electrodes (10) disposed surrounding the holes. The control of passing of the toner (2) through the holes is effected by applying voltage to the control electrodes in accordance with image signals. The holes (4) have an elongated shape, with the length along a direction in which the toner carrier (1) moves being longer than the width orthogonal to the lengthwise direction, so that the consumption areas of toner (2) on the toner carrier (1) do not interfere with each other while the open area of the holes (4) is sufficiently secured.

Abstract: A method for forming a pattern on a surface of a panel substrate, includes electrically charging pattern-forming material particles, jetting out the electrically charged pattern-forming material particles through a nozzle by applying electrostatic force to the pattern-forming material particles to form a pattern, and fixing the pattern onto the panel substrate.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus and an image forming method are characterized in that charged particle jumping can be controlled by applying signals having a small potential difference, and that low-voltage type switching devices can be used as switching devices for the power source. Control electrodes 16 are provided to move charged particles detached from a development roller 2 and to control the movement amount of the charged particles by generating a transfer electric field directly or indirectly between the development roller 2 and a rear electrode 8. A bias electrostatic field is generated between the development roller 2 and the control electrodes 16 by applying a voltage under a jumping start voltage, which is a voltage having the polarity opposite to the polarity of the charged particles and is lower than the jumping start voltage for detaching the charged particles from the development roller 2.

Abstract: In an image forming device wherein printing is accomplished such that passing of charged toners fed from a developer roller 2 through a plurality of openings 14 is controlled by control electrodes 16 of an aperture electrode 12 in accordance with image signals, toners held on the developer roller 2 are caused to reach the vicinity of the openings 14, by inputting a predetermined signal to the control electrodes 16 of the aperture electrode 12, at least once during the period when no image forming action in accordance with the prescribed image signals is performed.

Abstract: In a color electrophotographic printer, an intermediate transfer belt is provided to layer toner images of a plurality of colors, and the toner images on the belt are transferred onto a paper sheet. In order to remove a paper sheet when a paper jam happens, a door is provided in a case of the printer, while a cover is provided to protect a transfer region where the intermediate transfer belt contacts with a paper sheet for transferring the toner images. When the door is opened, the cover moves to cover a portion of the surface of the intermediate transfer belt exposed to the door. When the jammed paper sheet is removed, the image forming process is resumed immediately on the toner images on the intermediate transfer belt. Further, an intermediate transfer unit including the intermediate transfer belt and the cover detachable from the printer may be provided.

Abstract: A charging device for charging a movable object to be charged. A charging member contacts the object to be charged. A power source applies a voltage to the charging member, wherein the power spectrum PS satisfies the following relation when the space frequency of the profile of the surface of the charging member is analyzed.In the section of 10.ltoreq.f.ltoreq.100 (cycles/mm):PS.ltoreq.-2.5.times.log(f/2)(.mu.m.sup.2)In this way, the charging device prevents charge unevenness due to undulations on the surface of the charging member and charges uniformly while generating very little ozone.

Abstract: A color image forming apparatus forming toner images of yellow, magenta, cyanogen and black respectively by rotational movement of different image forming units is described. The toner images are transferred to and superimposed on an intermediate transfer belt and then re-transferred to a paper sheet by pressing a transfer roller on the intermediate transfer belt via the paper sheet. A rotational axis of the transfer roller is immovable, and a potential of the transfer roller is electrically floated while the toner images are transferred to the intermediate transfer belt.

Abstract: A charging device for charging a movable object to be charged. A charging member contacts the object to be charged. A power source applies a voltage to the charging member, wherein the power spectrum PS satisfies the following relation when the space frequency of the profile of the surface of the charging member is analyzed.In the section of 10.ltoreq.f.ltoreq.100 (cycles/mm):PS.ltoreq.-2.5.times.log (f/2)(.mu.m.sup.2)In this way, the charging device prevents charge unevenness due to undulations on the surface of the charging member and charges uniformly while generating very little ozone.

Abstract: A charging member for charging a photosensitive member from above toner in an electrophotographic process in which charging, exposure, development, and transfer steps are performed repeatedly and in which a step of cleaning toner remaining on a photosensitive member is eliminated, the charging member including: an electrically conductive charging wire which is disposed in contact with the photosensitive member; the charging wire forming an angle of less than 90.degree. with a direction of a rotational axis of the photosensitive member and is arranged at an interval in the direction of the rotational axis of the photosensitive member; and a power source for applying a pulse voltage to the charging wire, the pulse voltage having a polarity identical with that of the toner so as to vibrate the toner.