Abstract: The solar cell element includes a semiconductor substrate with first and second surfaces, a passivation layer being in contact with the second surface, a protective layer located on the passivation layer, a bus bar electrode, and a collecting electrode. The bus bar electrode is in contact with the second surface in a first gap portion penetrating the passivation layer and the protective layer, and is sandwiching a gap region with the passivation layer and the protective layer in a first direction along the second surface. The collecting electrode includes an electrode layer located on the protective layer, a first connecting portion located in the gap region and connecting the electrode layer and the second surface, and a second connecting portion penetrating the passivation layer and the protective layer and connecting the electrode layer and the second surface in a second gap, and is electrically connected with the bus bar electrode.

Abstract: A solar cell element is provided with a semiconductor substrate, a passivation layer, and an electrode. The semiconductor substrate has a first surface and a second surface that is positioned on a back side of the first surface. The passivation layer is positioned on the second surface of the semiconductor substrate. The electrode is positioned on the passivation layer and positioned in the state of being electrically connected to the semiconductor substrate. The electrode includes a linear electrode part that is positioned along a peripheral edge of the semiconductor substrate when the semiconductor substrate is seen from the second surface side in plane perspective view, and is positioned in the state of penetrating the passivation layer in a thickness direction.

Abstract: The solar cell element includes a semiconductor substrate with first and second surfaces, a passivation layer located on the second surface, a protective layer located on the passivation layer, and a back-surface electrode located on the protective layer. The back-surface electrode is electrically connected to the semiconductor substrate via one or more hole portions penetrating the protective layer and the passivation layer. The protective layer includes a first region showing a tendency to increase in thickness as a distance from an inner edge portion of the hole portion and a second region surrounding the first region. A distance between a position of the first region farthest from the inner edge portion and the inner edge portion is larger than a thickness in the second region. The back-surface electrode shows a tendency to decrease in thickness on the first region as a distance from the inner edge portion.

Abstract: The solar cell element comprises a semiconductor substrate with first and second surfaces, a passivation layer, a protective layer positioned on the passivation layer on the second surface, and a collector electrode. The collector electrode includes a first portion on the protective layer, and a second portion connected to the second surface in a plurality of hole rows each including holes that penetrate the passivation layer and the protective layer and are arranged along a first direction. When first and second hole rows adjacent in a second direction that intersects with the first direction are viewed in a plane perspective facing the second direction, the second hole row includes a third hole that overlaps a gap between first and second holes in a mutually adjacent state in the first hole row and further overlaps a part of at least one of the first and second holes.

Abstract: The solar cell element includes a semiconductor substrate with first and second surfaces, a passivation layer located on the second surface, a protective layer located on the passivation layer, and a back-surface electrode located on the protective layer. The back-surface electrode is electrically connected to the semiconductor substrate via one or more hole portions penetrating the protective layer and the passivation layer. The protective layer includes a first region showing a tendency to increase in thickness as a distance from an inner edge portion of the hole portion and a second region surrounding the first region. A distance between a position of the first region farthest from the inner edge portion and the inner edge portion is larger than a thickness in the second region. The back-surface electrode shows a tendency to decrease in thickness on the first region as a distance from the inner edge portion.

Abstract: The solar cell element includes a semiconductor substrate with first and second surfaces, a passivation layer being in contact with the second surface, a protective layer located on the passivation layer, a bus bar electrode, and a collecting electrode. The bus bar electrode is in contact with the second surface in a first gap portion penetrating the passivation layer and the protective layer, and is sandwiching a gap region with the passivation layer and the protective layer in a first direction along the second surface. The collecting electrode includes an electrode layer located on the protective layer, a first connecting portion located in the gap region and connecting the electrode layer and the second surface, and a second connecting portion penetrating the passivation layer and the protective layer and connecting the electrode layer and the second surface in a second gap, and is electrically connected with the bus bar electrode.

Abstract: A solar cell element is provided with a semiconductor substrate, a passivation layer, and an electrode. The semiconductor substrate has a first surface and a second surface that is positioned on a back side of the first surface. The passivation layer is positioned on the second surface of the semiconductor substrate. The electrode is positioned on the passivation layer and positioned in the state of being electrically connected to the semiconductor substrate. The electrode includes a linear electrode part that is positioned along a peripheral edge of the semiconductor substrate when the semiconductor substrate is seen from the second surface side in plane perspective view, and is positioned in the state of penetrating the passivation layer in a thickness direction.

Abstract: A solar cell element comprises a semiconductor substrate, a passivation layer and a protective layer. The semiconductor substrate includes a p-type semiconductor region on one main surface thereof. The passivation layer is located on the p-type semiconductor region and contains aluminum oxide. The protective layer is located on the passivation layer and contains silicon oxide which contains hydrogen and carbon.

Abstract: A solar cell element and a method for forming an alumina film are disclosed. The method comprises: preparing a substrate; supplying sources of an aluminum source material that contains aluminum atoms and an oxygen source material that contains oxygen atoms comprising H2O and O3 to the substrate; and forming an alumina film on the substrate.

Abstract: A solar cell element and a solar cell module are disclosed. The solar cell element includes a polycrystalline silicon substrate and an aluminum oxide layer on the p-type semiconductor layer. The polycrystalline silicon substrate includes a p-type semiconductor layer located at the uppermost position. The aluminum oxide layer is primarily amorphous. The solar cell module includes the above-mentioned solar cell element.