Abstract: This invention relates to a method for manufacturing 9-ethyl-6,6-dimethyl-8-[4-(morpholin-4-yl)piperidin-1-yl]-11-oxo-6,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[b]carbazole-3-carbonitrile, and is industrially preferable, allowing an objective substance to be obtained in high yield more safely and easily than the conventional method.

Abstract: A switch box includes a relay transistor circuit connecting a pair of batteries in parallel, and an breaker circuit that breaks the relay transistor circuit when a sign of a potential difference between a potential of at least one of the pair of batteries connected to the relay transistor circuit and a predetermined reference potential is reversed with respect to the sign of the potential difference in which the batteries are correctly connected.

Abstract: A switch box includes a circuit substrate having a conductor pattern, a switching element that is mounted on the circuit substrate, a bus bar having a current input and output portion formed at one end thereof and a mounting portion formed at the other end thereof, the mounting portion being connected to the conductor pattern of the circuit substrate so as to be electrically conducted to the switching element through the conductor pattern, and a magnetic sensor that is mounted on the circuit substrate to detect a magnetic field generated due to a current flowing into the bus bar. The magnetic sensor is disposed in a gap formed between the circuit substrate and the bus bar.

Abstract: A switch box includes a circuit substrate having a conductor pattern, a switching element that is mounted on the circuit substrate, a bus bar having a current input and output portion formed at one end thereof and a mounting portion formed at the other end thereof, the mounting portion being connected to the conductor pattern of the circuit substrate so as to be electrically conducted to the switching element through the conductor pattern, and a magnetic sensor that is mounted on the circuit substrate to detect a magnetic field generated due to a current flowing into the bus bar. The magnetic sensor is disposed in a gap formed between the circuit substrate and the bus bar.

Abstract: A switch box includes a relay transistor circuit connecting a pair of batteries in parallel, and an breaker circuit that breaks the relay transistor circuit when a sign of a potential difference between a potential of at least one of the pair of batteries connected to the relay transistor circuit and a predetermined reference potential is reversed with respect to the sign of the potential difference in which the batteries are correctly connected.

Abstract: A control apparatus for controlling a fuel pump includes: an electronic switch provided in a circuit for connecting a power supply to a motor for driving the fuel pump; a current detector which detects a current which flows through the motor; and a controller which controls the electronic switch in a first PWM mode of a first frequency and a first duty ratio in a normal operation; and change a PWM mode to control the electronic switch in a second PWM mode of a second frequency lower than the first frequency and a second duty ratio lower than the first duty ratio when the current flowing through the motor exceeds a threshold current value in the normal operation.

Abstract: A control device for controlling a recovery from a locking of a motor includes: a switching unit which supplies a motor current from a current supplying unit to the motor; and a driving control unit which supplies a PWM control signal to the switching unit to control a driving of the switching unit. The driving control unit supplies the PWM control signal with a low duty ratio lower than a regular duty ratio to the switching unit when the locking of the motor is detected depending on a variation in temperature of the switching unit. The driving control unit supplies the PWM control signal with the regular duty ratio to the switching unit when a cancel of the locking of the motor is detected depending on a variation in inter-terminal voltage of the motor.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus and a method for accurately detecting abnormal conditions of a motor. A ?Tc/Tj detector detects a difference (?Tc) between an environment temperature and a temperature of a field-effect transistor (FET) which turns on and off electric power supplied to a DC motor. A diagnosis control unit detects abnormal conditions such as a motor lock and a short circuit of the DC motor based upon the obtained difference. When the motor lock has been detected, the diagnosis control unit controls a pulse width modulation (PWM) control unit and a PWM oscillator (PWMOSC) and makes a frequency and duty cycle of a PWM signal lower. When the short circuit has been detected, the diagnosis control unit controls a gate driver and turns off the FET.

Abstract: A control apparatus for controlling a fuel pump includes: an electronic switch provided in a circuit for connecting a power supply to a motor for driving the fuel pump; a current detector which detects a current which flows through the motor; and a controller which controls the electronic switch in a first PWM mode of a first frequency and a first duty ratio in a normal operation; and change a PWM mode to control the electronic switch in a second PWM mode of a second frequency lower than the first frequency and a second duty ratio lower than the first duty ratio when the current flowing through the motor exceeds a threshold current value in the normal operation.

Abstract: A control device for controlling a recovery from a locking of a motor includes: a switching unit which supplies a motor current from a current supplying unit to the motor; and a driving control unit which supplies a PWM control signal to the switching unit to control a driving of the switching unit. The driving control unit supplies the PWM control signal with a low duty ratio lower than a regular duty ratio to the switching unit when the locking of the motor is detected depending on a variation in temperature of the switching unit. The driving control unit supplies the PWM control signal with the regular duty ratio to the switching unit when a cancel of the locking of the motor is detected depending on a variation in inter-terminal voltage of the motor.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus and a method for accurately detecting abnormal conditions of a motor. A ?Tc/Tj detector detects a difference (?Tc) between an environment temperature and a temperature of a field-effect transistor (FET) which turns on and off electric power supplied to a DC motor. A diagnosis control unit detects abnormal conditions such as a motor lock and a short circuit of the DC motor based upon the obtained difference. When the motor lock has been detected, the diagnosis control unit controls a pulse width modulation (PWM) control unit and a PWM oscillator (PWMOSC) and makes a frequency and duty cycle of a PWM signal lower. When the short circuit has been detected, the diagnosis control unit controls a gate driver and turns off the FET.

Abstract: A combination switch which includes a lever member operable to move relative to a stationary portion, and a position detector for detecting a position of the lever member. The position detector includes a magnet and a Hall effect sensor for detecting a strength of a magnetic field of the magnet. The magnet and the Hall effect sensor are configured to have variable relative positions to each other when the lever member moves.

Abstract: A wiper control device in which an abnormal condition of a FET is detected by distinguishing an action of an overheat-cutting protective function normally difficult to be detected with measuring the drain voltage of the FET and by which the control of the pertinent FET is restrained upon the detection of abnormality so as to prevent a short circuit in the wiper control device from occurring. When an FETB (Qb) is set on, whether or not a drain voltage Vd is lower than Vpe ({fraction (l/2)}VG) is judged (step S5), and if lower, it is judged that the drain and ground is short-circuited, that is, an overheat-cutting protective function is acted, and “1” is added to the number of times of short circuit detection Perror (step S7). It is judged whether or not the added value of the number of times of short circuit detection Perror reaches a reference value (step S11).

Abstract: A combination switch which includes a lever member operable to move relative to a stationary portion, and a position detector for detecting a position of the lever member. The position detector includes a magnet and a Hall effect sensor for detecting a strength of a magnetic field of the magnet. The magnet and the Hall effect sensor are configured to have variable relative positions to each other when the lever member moves.

Abstract: A wiper control device is provided, in which an abnormal condition of a FET is detected by distinguishing an action of an overheat-cutting protective function normally difficult to be detected with measuring the drain voltage of the FET and by which the control of the pertinent FET is restrained upon the detection of abnormality so as to prevent an accident in the wiper control device from occurring. When a FETB (Qb) is set on, whether or not a drain voltage Vd is lower than Vpe (½VG) is judged (step S5), and if lower, it is judged that the drain and ground is short-circuited, that is, an overheat-cutting protective function is acted, and “1” is added to the number of times of accident detection Perror (step S7). It is judged whether or not the added value of the number of times of accident detection Perror reaches a reference value (step S11).

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having a direct cylinder injection and including a variable valve timing mechanism for at least changing the time of closing of the intake valve. The fuel injection timing and intake valve closing timing are controlled so that under low and mid-range engine speeds, but high loads, the intake valve is closed before the piston reaches bottom dead center position on its intake stroke so as to reduce the effective compression ratio. Fuel injection timing is begun before the piston has reached its bottom dead center position during the intake stroke under high-speed, high-load conditions and is not initiated until after the piston has reached its bottom dead center position and begun its compression stroke under other engine running conditions. The engine is provided with an injector location and piston with a bowl in its head that improves fuel stratification under at least some running conditions so as to permit lean burn operation.