Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a method of forming a fine conductive pattern. The method allows the fine conductive pattern whose thickness is relatively large to be formed easily, accurately, and surely. An insulating layer is formed on a substrate. A pattern resist is formed on the insulating layer. Then, the insulating layer is etched downward based on a profile of the pattern resist in a first etching step, and sidewalls of each of groove portions formed by the etching step of the insulating layer are etched sideways in a second etching step, so that overhang portions are defined at the lower edges of the pattern resist portions. Then, conductive film portions are formed by depositing a conductor on the pattern resist, and conductive films that are on the pattern resist are lifted off, so that a fine conductor pattern can be prepared.

Abstract: A medical treatment device for resecting, e.g., a prostate or breaking a bladder stone, which includes a vibrator for generating ultrasonic vibrations, a horn connected to the vibrator, a casing for accommodating the vibrator and the horn, a probe connected to the front portion of the horn to transmit ultrasonic vibrations generated by the vibrator, and a power source unit for supplying a drive voltage to the vibrator, the power source unit having an oscillator for producing a wave having a frequency for vibrating the probe and a frequency switching circuit for selecting an oscillating frequency at which the distal end of the probe serves as a loop of vibration or a frequency at which the distal end of the probe serves as a node of vibration.

Abstract: Observation assisting forceps wherein a shaft member is retractably inserted through a hollow sheath, a plurality of linear members given a characteristic of expanding on the tip sides are provided at the front end of this shaft member and spherical parts are provided at the tips of the respective linear members so that the linear members may be projected on the tip sides out of the sheath tip to move aside any organ or the like obstructing the observation with an endoscope.