Abstract: An electronic control apparatus includes a first controller that is activated upon being fed with electric power through a first electric power feeding path, and a second controller that is fed with electric power through a second electric power feeding path. In the first electric power feeding path, there is provided a power supply switch that is turned on when a switch command is a connection command and turned off when the switch command is a cutoff command. The first controller transmits a state signal indicating whether it is in an activated state or a stopped state. The second controller diagnoses the power supply switch as being abnormal on condition that the state signal indicates the stopped state of the first controller when the switch command is the connection command or the state signal indicates the activated state of the first controller when the switch command is the cutoff command.

Abstract: In an insulation resistance detection apparatus, a voltage determiner determines whether a detection voltage, which has changed by at least a preset value, becomes stable at around a changed voltage value. A resistance determiner determines a value of an insulation resistance between a ground portion and a power-supply path based on a currently sampled value of the detection voltage instead of a moving average in response to determination that the detection voltage, which has changed by at least the preset value, becomes stable at around the changed voltage value.

Abstract: A battery system includes a plurality of battery modules and a control apparatus. The battery includes a battery group that includes two or more battery modules including battery units and battery monitoring units. The battery monitoring units of the battery modules being connected to each other via a communication line. The battery modules perform wired communication via the communication line. The battery group further includes a wireless receiving unit and a wireless transmitting unit. The wireless receiving unit wirelessly receives a command signal transmitted from the control apparatus. The wireless transmitting unit wirelessly transmits, to the control apparatus, a data signal including module identification information differing for each battery module. In the battery group, the wireless receiving unit is provided in a single battery module of the battery modules and the wireless transmitting unit is provided in a single battery module of the battery modules.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an electronic component includes preparing an unfired multilayer body, bonding one of first and second side surfaces of each unfired multilayer body to an adhesive sheet such that the unfired multilayer bodies are in at least one row, polishing the other side surface of each unfired multilayer body by rotating a polishing surface of a rotary polishing machine in contact with the other side surface of each unfired multilayer body, and forming a first insulating layer on the polished other side surface, wherein in the polishing the other side surface, at least one of the rotary polishing machine and the adhesive sheet is moved relative to the other to form a polish groove in the length direction, and the rotary polishing machine has a cylindrical shape and includes an outer circumferential surface that defines the polishing surface.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an electronic component that includes preparing unfired multilayer bodies each including main surfaces opposite to each other in a stacking direction, side surfaces opposite to each other in a width direction, and end surfaces opposite to each other in a length direction. One of the side surfaces of each of the unfired multilayer bodies is bonded to an adhesive sheet, and the other side surface of each of the unfired multilayer bodies is polished by rotating a polishing surface of a rotary polishing machine while contacting the other side surface. An insulating layer is formed on the polished other side surface. In the polishing of the other side surface, at least one of the rotary polishing machine and the adhesive sheet is moved relative to the other thereof to form a polish groove in the length direction.

Abstract: An electronic control apparatus includes a first controller that is activated upon being fed with electric power through a first electric power feeding path, and a second controller that is fed with electric power through a second electric power feeding path. In the first electric power feeding path, there is provided a power supply switch that is turned on when a switch command is a connection command and turned off when the switch command is a cutoff command. The first controller transmits a state signal indicating whether it is in an activated state or a stopped state. The second controller diagnoses the power supply switch as being abnormal on condition that the state signal indicates the stopped state of the first controller when the switch command is the connection command or the state signal indicates the activated state of the first controller when the switch command is the cutoff command.

Abstract: In an insulation resistance detection apparatus, a voltage determiner determines whether a detection voltage, which has changed by at least a preset value, becomes stable at around a changed voltage value. A resistance determiner determines a value of an insulation resistance between a ground portion and a power-supply path based on a currently sampled value of the detection voltage instead of a moving average in response to determination that the detection voltage, which has changed by at least the preset value, becomes stable at around the changed voltage value.

Abstract: A battery system includes a plurality of battery modules and a control apparatus. The battery includes a battery group that includes two or more battery modules including battery units and battery monitoring units. The battery monitoring units of the battery modules being connected to each other via a communication line. The battery modules perform wired communication via the communication line. The battery group further includes a wireless receiving unit and a wireless transmitting unit. The wireless receiving unit wirelessly receives a command signal transmitted from the control apparatus. The wireless transmitting unit wirelessly transmits, to the control apparatus, a data signal including module identification information differing for each battery module. In the battery group, the wireless receiving unit is provided in a single battery module of the battery modules and the wireless transmitting unit is provided in a single battery module of the battery modules.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an electronic component includes preparing an unfired multilayer body including first and second main surfaces facing each other in a stacking direction, first and second side surfaces facing each other in a width direction, and first and second end surfaces facing each other in a length direction, bonding one side surface of each of unfired multilayer bodies to an adhesive sheet, polishing another side surface of each of the unfired multilayer bodies by rotating a polishing surface of a rotary polishing machine while contacting the another side surface, and forming a first insulating layer on the polished other side surface. In the polishing the another side surface, at least one of the rotary polishing machine and the adhesive sheet is moved relative to the other thereof to form a polish groove in the length direction.

Abstract: An ultrasonic urine volume measuring instrument includes an ultrasound probe, an ultrasound controller that controls transmission and reception of ultrasound and its reflected waves, and an arithmetic unit that calculates urine volume in the bladder on the basis of the reflected waves. The arithmetic unit includes a comparator that compares the calculated urine volume in the bladder with a first threshold. The ultrasound measurement cycle becomes a longer cycle when the urine volume in the bladder is less than the first threshold, compared to the urine volume being greater than or equal to the first threshold. The ultrasonic urine volume measuring instrument includes a timer unit capable of causing, when the urine volume in the bladder compared by the comparator is less than the first threshold, the arithmetic unit to enter a sleep state during each measurement cycle, and causes the arithmetic unit to recover every measurement cycle.

Abstract: A mode selector is provided, capable of selecting one of a measurement mode of measuring urine volume while an ultrasound probe is placed at a certain measurement position on the stomach of a measurement subject, and a positioning mode is provided, of measuring urine volume while moving the ultrasound probe to a plurality of tentative measurement positions on the stomach to determine the measurement position suitable for placing the ultrasound probe in the measurement mode. An index value memory is included that stores a maximum value among urine volumes at the plurality of tentative measurement positions, calculated by the arithmetic unit, while the positioning mode is being selected, and/or an allowance value determined on the basis of the maximum value. The maximum value and/or the allowance value is displayed, on a graph on a display unit, as a positioning index value for positioning the ultrasound probe.

Abstract: A photocationically curable composition and a process for producing the same are provided. The composition comprises, as the essential component, a condensation product having an oxetanyl group, which is a condensation product of a hydrolyzate of an organic silane compound having an oxetanyl group and being represented by the formula below, or of a mixture of said organic silane compound and a reactive silicone having a siloxane linkage-forming group: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.0 means an organic functional group having an oxetanyl group, and X means a hydrolyzable group. The composition forms cured coating films of high surface hardness, and is useful as hard coating agents.

Abstract: The present invention provides an organopolysiloxane having acryloyl groups or methacryloyl groups at both terminals thereof, where silicon atoms at both terminals of the organopolysiloxane are each independently added to double bonds each of acryloyl groups or methacryloyl groups of compounds each having at least two acryloyl groups or methacryloyl groups; a curable resin composition comprising such an organopolysiloxane; and a process for producing such an organopolysiloxane comprising adding a compound having at least two acryloyl groups or methacryloyl groups to an organopolysiloxane having SiH groups at only both terminals thereof. The curable resin composition has distinguished transparency, luster, peelability, surface lubricity and water and oil repellency, and therefore is useful as a resin for mold-releasable paper, a coating agent, an anticorrosive agent for printed substrate, etc.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of an organosilicon compound represented by formula (3): ##STR1## which process comprises reacting an organosilicon compound represented by formula (1) with a (meth)acrylic acid ester represented by formula (2) in the presence of a catalyst: ##STR2## The symbols in the above formulae are defined in the specification.

Abstract: Computations are performed on the digital representation of an analog signal in a digital processor. The output of the processor is applied through a digital/analog converter to a sample and hold circuit. The analog signal is applied to the processor through a comparator which receives at a second input the output of the digital/analog converter. In a mode other than the computation mode the processor controls an analog/digital conversion by means of a loop including the processor, the digital/analog converter, and the comparator.

Abstract: A two-color electrostatic printing apparatus capable of producing two-color images printed on a sheet of paper with two colored toners. The apparatus comprises a paper feed mechanism for driving the paper at a predetermined speed, a charging part for selectively forming positive and negative electrostatic latent images on the paper, a developing part for attracting positive-charged and negative-charged two colored toners simultaneously onto the latent images so as to render the latent images visible, and a fixing part for thermally fusing the toners attracted onto the electrostatic latent images.

Abstract: An electric controller system includes a comparator at the input of a processor, the processor including a program memory, an operation control unit and a data memory. A digital/analog converter is provided at the processor output. Analog/digital conversion is by means of a loop including the processor, digital/analog converter and comparator. The digital/analog output is also received by an analog signal hold means, the output of which is fed back to the comparator. A manual control circuit operable only in a manual control mode provides an alternative input to the analog signal hold means. Computations in the processor are thus based on a manual input through the hold circuit and comparator only during the manual control mode. Bumpless switching from the manual mode to an automatic mode is provided while further providing for a manual output with failure of the processor. Further embodiments include a multiplexer at the input, a plurality of hold circuits and parameter setting circuits at the input.