Abstract: A memory device includes a memory cell connected between first and second signal lines, a first wiring connected to the first signal line, a second wiring connected to the second signal line, and a precharging circuit connected to the first wiring. During a write sequence, the precharging circuit charges the first signal line and the first wiring, the memory cell is activated according to a voltage difference between the first signal line and the second signal line, and a write current generated from parasitic capacitances of both the charged first signal line and the charged first wiring flows from the first wiring to the second wiring via the activated memory cell.

Abstract: A method for producing a three-dimensional shaped product that employs a shaping method based on dispersion of powder by a squeegee and irradiation onto a powder layer with a laser beam or electron beam, includes the following steps: 1. Setting an upper limit value and lower limit value for the amount of circulation passing through an anemometer, and an adjusting value within this range; 2. Measuring the amount of circulation and effecting control as follows: (1) When the measured value is between the upper limit value and lower limit value, the rotational speed of the blower fan is maintained, and (2) When the measured value has fallen below the lower limit value due to clogging of a filter, the rotational speed of the fan is increased and the rotational speed is selected at the stage where the measured value has reached the adjusting value, and the rotational speed is maintained.

Abstract: A method for producing a three-dimensional shaped product that employs a shaping method based on dispersion of powder by a squeegee and irradiation onto a powder layer with a laser beam or electron beam, includes the following steps: 1. Setting an upper limit value and lower limit value for the amount of circulation passing through an anemometer, and an adjusting value within this range; 2. Measuring the amount of circulation and effecting control as follows: (1) When the measured value is between the upper limit value and lower limit value, the rotational speed of the blower fan is maintained, and (2) When the measured value has fallen below the lower limit value due to clogging of a filter, the rotational speed of the fan is increased and the rotational speed is selected at the stage where the measured value has reached the adjusting value, and the rotational speed is maintained.

Abstract: The oscillation method uses an oscillation circuit in which a plurality of MOSFETs are annularly connected. The method comprises the steps of: forming GND of the circuit, which is separated from GND of a driving electric source of the MOSFETs, in a part of a first connection line which connects the MOSFET with the adjacent MOSFET; connecting a probe with a second connection line which connects another MOSFET with the adjacent MOSFET, an odd number of the MOSFETs being connected between the GND and the second connection line; and generating an oscillation waveform between the probe and the GND.

Abstract: The oscillation method uses an oscillation circuit in which a plurality of MOSFETs are annularly connected. The method comprises the steps of: forming GND of the circuit, which is separated from GND of a driving electric source of the MOSFETs, in a part of a first connection line which connects the MOSFET with the adjacent MOSFET; connecting a probe with a second connection line which connects another MOSFET with the adjacent MOSFET, an odd number of the MOSFETs being connected between the GND and the second connection line; and generating an oscillation waveform between the probe and the GND.

Abstract: In the circuit for detecting static electricity, a switch for cancelling charges on an electrode body, which detects static electricity, is not necessarily provided. The circuit (30) for detecting static electricity comprises: a P-channel FET and an N-channel FET having respective gates thereof electrically connected to each other; a direct-current power supply for driving the P-channel FET and the N-channel FET; an electrostatically charging section (39) to be electrostatically charged, the electrostatically charging section being a portion where the gates of respective P-channel FET and the N-channel FET are electrically connected to each other; and automatically resetting means (C1, C2) which makes the electrostatically charging section (39) automatically discharge the static electricity, which has charged on the electrostatically charging section, and makes it possible to have the electrostatically charging section (39) electrostatically charged again.

Abstract: In the circuit for detecting static electricity, a switch for cancelling charges on an electrode body, which detects static electricity, is not necessarily provided. The circuit (30) for detecting static electricity comprises: a P-channel FET and an N-channel FET having respective gates thereof electrically connected to each other; a direct-current power supply for driving the P-channel FET and the N-channel FET; an electrostatically charging section (39) to be electrostatically charged, the electrostatically charging section being a portion where the gates of respective P-channel FET and the N-channel FET are electrically connected to each other; and automatically resetting means (C1, C2) which makes the electrostatically charging section (39) automatically discharge the static electricity, which has charged on the electrostatically charging section, and makes it possible to have the electrostatically charging section (39) electrostatically charged again.

Abstract: An ink jet head wherein a sheet-shaped adhesive member, including ink escape holes and deformation preventive holes and spacers for preventing the ink escape holes from being deformed, is situated between a nozzle member and a chamber member, each having small holes corresponding in location to the ink escape holes of the sheet-shaped adhesive member. Having been bonded together by heating and pressurization, the three members form an integrated member for use in the print head of an ink jet printer.

Abstract: In a multi-stage roll magnetic brush type of developing device, at least two opposite direction rotation rolls which rotate in an opposite rotation direction to that of a photosensitive body are arranged adjacently and oppositely to a photosensitive body, and at least one same direction rotation developing roll which rotates in the same rotation direction as that of the photosensitive body is arranged adjacently, oppositely to the photosensitive body and upstream of the opposite direction rotation developing rolls in the rotation direction of the photosensitive body. Thus, the path of carrying the developer by the same direction rotation developing roll and the opposite direction rotation developing rolls can be optimized. In the wide area printing at high speed, an image with stabilized printing quality can be obtained without an increase in the production cost.