Abstract: An absorption axis of the second polarizing plate provided on a counter substrate is parallel to an alignment axis of the liquid crystal molecules of a liquid crystal layer, the biaxial retardation film is arranged such that a slow axis of the biaxial retardation film forms a first angle formed counterclockwise with the absorption axis or formed clockwise with the alignment axis in a plane of the liquid crystal panel, and a transmission axis of a first polarizing plate provided on an array substrate is arranged such that the transmission axis of the first polarizing plate forms a second angle larger than the first angle from the absorption axis or the alignment axis in the same direction as the first angle in the plane of the liquid crystal panel.

Abstract: At least one columnar spacer is formed on a first substrate. A height of the columnar spacer is measured. In order to provide a liquid crystal layer, liquid crystal is dropped onto any one of the first substrate and a second substrate with an amount of the liquid crystal determined based on a determination function dependent upon the height of the columnar spacer. The determination function is provided in advance in consideration of prevention of maldistribution the liquid crystal layer caused by temperature increase, prevention of generation of air bubbles inside a gap caused by temperature decrease, and satisfaction of an upper limit condition and a lower limit condition for a dimension of the gap required by optical properties of a liquid crystal panel.

Abstract: At least one columnar spacer is formed on a first substrate. A height of the columnar spacer is measured. In order to provide a liquid crystal layer, liquid crystal is dropped onto any one of the first substrate and a second substrate with an amount of the liquid crystal determined based on a determination function dependent upon the height of the columnar spacer. The determination function is provided in advance in consideration of prevention of maldistribution the liquid crystal layer caused by temperature increase, prevention of generation of air bubbles inside a gap caused by temperature decrease, and satisfaction of an upper limit condition and a lower limit condition for a dimension of the gap required by optical properties of a liquid crystal panel.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a TFT array substrate, a CF substrate arranged at the position opposite to the TFT array substrate via a liquid crystal layer, a sealing pattern that seals liquid crystal held between the TFT array substrate and the CF substrate, a bead-like spacer that is arranged in the sealing pattern and elastically deformable, and a columnar spacer arranged in the sealing pattern and formed to have a length shorter than the bead-like spacer in the thickness direction of the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: A method includes the steps of: (a) measuring a height of a pillar spacer after the pillar spacer is formed on a main surface of a CF substrate; (b) measuring a gap between a TFT substrate and the CF substrate after the TFT substrate and the CF substrate are bonded to each other; and (c) determining a quality of a liquid crystal panel based on the difference between the measured height of the pillar spacer and the measured gap.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel includes: two substrates, whose inner surfaces are formed with a display region, which are arranged to face each other and at least one of which is transparent; a liquid crystal material, which is sandwiched between the display region of the two substrates; a columnar spacer, which is formed on the inner surface of the substrate and on the outer periphery of the display region and maintains a gap between the two substrates; a first annular seal frame, which is continuously formed on the inner periphery of the columnar spacer and on the outer periphery of the display region; and a second annular seal frame, which is continuously formed on the outer periphery of the columnar spacer.

Abstract: A method includes the steps of: (a) measuring a height of a pillar spacer after the pillar spacer is formed on a main surface of a CF substrate; (b) measuring a gap between a TFT substrate and the CF substrate after the TFT substrate and the CF substrate are bonded to each other; and (c) determining a quality of a liquid crystal panel based on the difference between the measured height of the pillar spacer and the measured gap.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device in accordance with one aspect of the present invention includes a liquid crystal panel including a electrode substrate, a opposed substrate disposed opposite to the electrode substrate, and liquid crystal sandwiched between the electrode substrate and the opposed substrate, and a transparent conductive film formed on the opposite surface of the opposed substrate to the liquid crystal, wherein the thickness d1 (cm) of the transparent conductive film satisfies the equation d1>0.5×R1×?0×?r×S/d0 (cm), where R1 (?·cm) is specific resistance of the transparent conductive film, ?0 (F/m) is the electric constant, ?r (F/m) is relative dielectric constant of the opposed substrate, d0 (cm) is thickness of the opposed substrate, and S (m2) is size of the display area of the liquid crystal panel.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device in accordance with one aspect of the present invention includes a liquid crystal panel including a electrode substrate, a opposed substrate disposed opposite to the electrode substrate, and liquid crystal sandwiched between the electrode substrate and the opposed substrate, and a transparent conductive film formed on the opposite surface of the opposed substrate to the liquid crystal, wherein the thickness d1 (cm) of the transparent conductive film satisfies the equation d1>0.5×R1×?0×?r×S/d0 (cm), where R1 (?·cm) is specific resistance of the transparent conductive film, ?0 (F/m) is the electric constant, ?r (F/m) is relative dielectric constant of the opposed substrate, d0 (cm) is thickness of the opposed substrate, and S (m2) is size of the display area of the liquid crystal panel.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprising a sealing material provided on a periphery of a substrate, projections formed by etching a film formed on the subtrate, and another substrate opposite the substrate being remote therefrom by a gap and being supported by the projections. An area occupying rate of the projections portions with respect to a region enclosed by the sealing material is not less than 0.0001 and not more than 0.003. It is possible to obtain a liquid crystal display device free of display blurs at the time of using the same in a high temperature condition and with which no bubbles are generated when using the same in a low temperature condition by setting the area occupying ratio for the columnar spacers to be optimal value.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprising a sealing material provided on a periphery of a substrate, projections formed by etching a film formed on the substrate, and another substrate opposing the substrate being remote therefrom by a gap and being supported by the projections. An area occupying rate of the projections portions with respect to a region enclosed by the sealing material is not less than 0.0001 and not more than 0.003. It is possible to obtain a liquid crystal display device free of display blurs at the time of using the same in a high temperature condition and with which no bubbles are generated when using the same in a low temperature condition by setting the area occupying ratio for the columnar spacers to be an optimal value.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display of the present invention includes: a pair of substrates, at least one of which is transparent; a liquid crystal layer being interposed between said pair of substrates; electrodes for applying an electric field to liquid crystals molecules in said liquid crystal layer; active switching elements connected with said electrodes; an alignment film being formed on a surface of at least one of said pair of substrates, said surface being contacted with said liquid crystal layer; and an optical device for controlling a transmission of light in cooperation with alignment of said liquid crystal molecules in each pixel, said means being located on at least one said pair of substrates; wherein an aligning direction of each liquid crystal molecule in each pixel is ranged between −2 degrees to +2 degrees with respect to an average aligning direction &thgr;1c of said liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a liquid crystal display apparatus including (1) a liquid crystal panel including an electrodes substrate provided with pixel electrodes and counter electrodes, a counter substrate which opposes the electrodes substrate, and a liquid crystal layer containing therein liquid crystal molecules which are driven by an electric field that is generated in a substantially parallel manner with respect to a surface of the electrodes substrate when voltage is applied on the pixel electrodes and counter electrodes; and (2) a driving circuit for supplying predetermined electric signals to the pixel electrodes and the counter electrodes, wherein inclining directions of liquid crystal molecules which are closest to the electrodes substrate and those of liquid crystal molecules which are closest to the counter substrate are identical, and aligning directions of liquid crystal molecules which are closest to the electrodes substrate and those of liquid crystal molecules which are closest to the