Abstract: A first reception processing unit performs a process of receiving a first signal transmitted on a first transmission line, a second reception processing unit performs a process of receiving a second signal transmitted on a second transmission line, and an output speed control unit controls output speeds of the first signal and the second signal subjected to the reception process. A system switching unit selects and outputs the first signal or the second signal subjected to a reception process, and an output processing unit performs a process for output to another apparatus on the output from the system switching unit. A reception side clock output unit outputs a clock signal giving a processing timing of each process, and a clock frequency control unit adjusts a frequency of the clock signal giving the processing timing to the output processing unit.

Abstract: A transmission apparatus includes redundant first communication devices configured to communicate with a communication apparatus provided in a first network, and redundant second communication devices configured to communicate with a communication apparatus provided in a second network. The second communication devices include respective first ends that are ends of redundant communication paths of the first communication devices, and the first communication devices include respective second ends that are ends of redundant communication paths of the second communication devices.

Abstract: A method for fractionating whey proteins, including: preparing a solution including a first whey protein and a second whey protein and separating the first whey protein and the second whey protein with a membrane; wherein the first whey protein forms a complex with at least one of carbonate ion, hydrogen carbonate ion, a light metal ion, and a transition metal ion; and the second whey protein satisfies at least one of the following (1) and (2): (1) the second whey protein forms no complex with any of the carbonate ion and the hydrogen carbonate ion; (2) the second whey protein forms no complex with any of the light metal ions and the transition metal ions.

Abstract: Manufacture a powder with high milk-derived complex lipid content that contains milk-derived phospholipids and milk-derived ganglioside at high concentrations, which contains protein by 15 to 35 percent by dry weight and fat by 45 to 60 percent by dry weight, wherein the content of milk-derived complex lipids is 20 percent by dry weight or more, and which can be utilized as a material for functional food, mother's milk substitute or drug, by means of adjusting the pH value of a butter serum or butter serum powder reconstituted liquid to a range of 4.0 to 5.0, adding calcium chloride to promote coagulation of protein, removing the produced sediments, filtering the supernatant by means of ultrafiltration or microfiltration, and then drying the obtained concentrate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liver function-protecting agent which comprises a phospholipid as an active ingredient, and which can exhibit an excellent prophylactic and ameliorating effect on the deterioration in the liver function when ingested orally. Also disclosed is a liver function-protecting food, beverage or feed. The phospholipid is preferably one derived from milk or a milk material. Alternatively, the phospholipid may be used in the form of a phospholipid-containing composition prepared from milk or a milk material and containing the phospholipid in an amount of 10 wt % or more relative to the total solid content.

Abstract: A method for easily and efficiently separating a sialyllactose material from a milk material is disclosed. The method comprises removing proteins from the milk material to obtain a protein-free liquid, adjusting the pH of the protein-free liquid to obtain a pH-adjusted liquid, and concentrating the pH-adjusted liquid by an ultrafiltration (UF) membrane. Since the method also allows separation of sialyllactose from lactose and minerals, sialyllactose can be obtained with high purity, making the sialyllactose material highly useful for food, pharmaceutical, and other applications.

Abstract: A method for easily and efficiently separating a sialyllactose material from a milk material by exploiting the pH-dependent interactions between whey proteins and sialyllactose is disclosed. The method comprises concentrating a milk material at a pH of 5.2 or lower to obtain a concentrate, adjusting the pH of the concentrate to 5.5 or higher, and obtaining a low-molecular-weight fraction from the pH-adjusted concentrate. Since the method also allows separation of sialyllactose from lactose and minerals, sialyllactose may be obtained at high purity. The resulting sialyllactose material is highly useful for food, pharmaceutical, and other applications.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liver function-protecting agent which comprises a phospholipid as an active ingredient, and which can exhibit an excellent prophylactic and ameliorating effect on the deterioration in the liver function when ingested orally. Also disclosed is a liver function-protecting food, beverage or feed. The phospholipid is preferably one derived from milk or a milk material. Alternatively, the phospholipid may be used in the form of a phospholipid-containing composition prepared from milk or a milk material and containing the phospholipid in an amount of 10 wt % or more relative to the total solid content.

Abstract: The present invention provides fresh cheese that is significantly reduced in deterioration of taste or flavor and deterioration of texture and has excellent keeping quality, and a process for producing the same. The fresh cheese of the present invention has a whey protein content of 15 mg or lower per g of solid matter and an acetic acid content of 25 to 500 mg per 100 g of the cheese. The fresh cheese is produced by a process characterized by comprising steps of concentrating skim milk by a microfiltration membrane and adjusting the concentrated milk obtained by microfiltration to pH 4.8 to 5.8 by the addition of acetic acid, followed by heating and kneading.

Abstract: Manufacture a powder with high milk-derived complex lipid content that contains milk-derived phospholipids and milk-derived ganglioside at high concentrations, which contains protein by 15 to 35 percent by dry weight and fat by 45 to 60 percent by dry weight, wherein the content of milk-derived complex lipids is 20 percent by dry weight or more, and which can be utilized as a material for functional food, mother's milk substitute or drug, by means of adjusting the pH value of a butter serum or butter serum powder reconstituted liquid to a range of 4.0 to 5.0, adding calcium chloride to promote coagulation of protein, removing the produced sediments, filtering the supernatant by means of ultrafiltration or microfiltration, and then drying the obtained concentrate.

Abstract: A milk calcium composition which is highly dispersible and tasty can be obtained by adjusting the pH of a permeate containing lactic acid and lactic acid ion, which was obtained by treating whey with a UF membrane or NF membrane, to recover milk calcium as a slurry-like precipitate and then admixing this milk calcium with milk proteins.

Abstract: A milk calcium composition which is highly dispersible and tasty can be obtained by adjusting the pH of a permeate containing lactic acid and lactic acid ion, which was obtained by treating whey with a UF membrane or NF membrane, to recover milk calcium as a slurry-like precipitate and then admixing this milk calcium with milk proteins.

Abstract: Milk is concentrated by filtering with an ultrafiltration (UF) membrane, after which casein is removed by acidification and the resulting liquid is concentrated and/or dried to produce a milk calcium composition having the following components' ratios (1) and (2): (1) −1.3≦log{(% by weight calcium in composition)/(% by weight protein in composition)}≦0.26; (2) 0.9≦log{(% by weight calcium in composition)/(% by weight sodium in composition)}.

Abstract: This invention provides carbonic acid- and/or hydrogencarbonic acid-iron-hydrolyzates of casein complexes containing a large amount of iron, without causing precipitation after heating their aqueous solution or astringent taste and the processes for production thereof. The complexes of the present invention are prepared by (1) partial hydrolysis of carbonic acid- and/or hydrogencarbonic acid-iron-casein complexes with a protease or (2) mixing carbonic acid and/or hydrogencarbonic acid, iron and partial hydrolyzates of casein with a protease. These complexes are used favorably as food additives, raw materials of medicines or feed components due to their lack of precipitation by heating their aqueous solution, or astringent taste.

Abstract: Iron-casein complexes and methods for preparation thereof without iron characteristic astringent taste even by heat sterilization and having high iron supplying effect.The iron-casein complexes can be obtained by mixing three components of solution A containing i) carbonic acid, ii) hydrogencarbonic acid or iii) their mixtures, solution B1 containing iron, and solution B2 containing caseins in a suitable order.The resultant iron-casein complexes contain 1-1,000 atoms of iron and one molecule or over of carbonic acid and/or hydrogencarbonic acid for one molecule of caseins without exhibiting astringent taste even by heat sterilization. The iron-casein complexes exhibit superior anemia preventive effect than those of inorganic iron salts.

Abstract: Column packings for liquid chromatography comprising porous granules which have hydrophilic surfaces prepared by calcining a crystalline clay mineral having a fibrous structure. Median pore diameter of the porous ceramic granules is in the range of from 0.001 .mu.m to 0.01 .mu.m. The crystalline clay mineral can be sepiolite or attapulgite. The column packings for liquid chromatography have high mechanical strength, are presssure resistant and very stable to elutants having a high pH value and/or a high polarity so that the separating characteristics thereof are not changed even after long use.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electroless gold plating solution, a method of plating by using the same, and an electronic device plated with gold by using the same.According to the present electroless gold plating solution, the plating solution components contain no cyanide ions, the amount of a reducing agent used is small, and gold plating can be carried out without causing the gold plating on conducting paths having a fine interval between them to short-circuit the conducting paths.Therefore, according to the method of gold plating by using said electroless gold plating solution, a plating method that is safe in the plating work and in the treatment of its waste liquor can be accomplished. The method has a feature that the method can provide an electronic device on which parts can be mounted highly densely, and wherein the joint reliability to the parts is high.

Abstract: A process for producing .kappa.-casein glycomacropeptides which comprises adjusting the pH of a solution of milk starting materials containing the .kappa.-casein glycomacropeptides to below 4, treating the solution by ultrafiltration with a membrane having a fraction molecular weight of 10,000-50,000, and concentrating the obtained filtrate with a membrane having a fraction molecular weight of 50,000 or less.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electroless gold plating solution, a method of plating by using the same, and an electronic device plated with gold by using the same.According to the present electroless gold plating solution, the plating solution components contain no cyanide ions, the amount of a reducing agent used is small, and gold plating can be carried out without causing the gold plating on conducting paths having a fine interval between them to short-circuit the conducting paths.Therefore, according to the method of gold plating by using said electroless gold plating solution, a plating method that is safe in the plating work and in the treatment of its waste liquor can be accomplished. The method has a feature that the method can provide an electronic device on which parts can be mounted highly densely, and wherein the joint reliability to the parts is high.

Abstract: An electroless gold plating solution comprising a thiosulfato gold(I) complex, a thiosulfate, thiourea, a pH regulator and a stabilizer. The electroless gold plating solution shows a plating rate and a plating solution stability comparable to those of conventional gold plating solutions containing cyanide ions, and requires a smaller amount of reducing agent to be used therein. Further, the electroless gold plating solution is safe because it does not contain cyanide ions.