Abstract: A radiant gas heating apparatus of the present invention includes a cylindrical member of a porous ceramic material adapted to be heated by radiation, and a flow passageway which directs gas radially through the pores of the ceramic material from one cylindrical surface of the cylindrical member to the other cylindrical surface thereof. A steam electrolyzing apparatus of the present invention includes a light focusing section having a porous ceramic member disposed within a transparent light-receiving section vessel, an electrolyzing cell having an oxygen electrode and a hydrogen electrode disposed on inner and outer surfaces of a cylindrical electrolyte, and a heat-insulating vessel covering the electrolyzing cell. In the steam electrolyzing apparatus, after low-temperature gas has passed through the space between the porous ceramic member and the light-receiving section vessel, the gas passes through the porous ceramic thereby being heated.

Abstract: A fuel combustion apparatus for burning a premix of an air stream and a fuel jet, comprising an air nozzle for issuing air to form a conically spread film of the air stream, and an atomizer for injecting fuel circumferentially unevenly into the conical film of air stream so that a premix uniformly mixed with air but having a circumferentially varied air-fuel ratio which is locally selectively greater than 1 or less than 1.