Abstract: A liquid crystal display element of optical writing type is arranged to have a first transparent substrate, a first transparent electrode layer formed on the first substrate, a photoconductive layer formed on the electrode layer, a light absorbing layer formed on the photoconductive layer, a dielectric layer formed on the light absorbing layer, a second transparent substrate, a second transparent electrode layer formed on the second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer sealed between the second transparent electrode layer and the dielectric layer. The light absorbing layer is formed of a material having pigment dispersed in an organic material, so as to eliminate the necessity of patterning the light absorbing layer. The pigment may be a carbon black or an inorganic material in an acrylic resin, for example. The liquid crystal display element further includes a leveling layer formed on the light absorbing layer.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a photoconductor coupled liquid crystal valve comprising the step of; deposing a transparent electrode on a transparent substrate; forming on said transparent electrode a photoconductive layer formed of amorphous silicon by the ECR; forming on said photoconductive layer an optical shielding layer formed of amorphous silicon by the ECR; forming on said optical shielding layer an optical reflection layer; forming an orientation film on said optical reflection layer; laminating on said orientation film a transparent substrate having a transparent electrode and another orientation film stoked thereon by the above method in such a manner that the two orientation films face each other with a spacer interposed therebetween; and disposing liquid crystals into said spacer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal light valve includes a first substrate having a transparent electrode formed thereon, a second substrate, a liquid crystal provided between the first and second substrates, a photoconductive layer formed between the liquid crystal layer and the first substrate, the photoconductive layer being adapted to change impedance thereof in response to an incident ray of light thereto, and a light waveguide for emitting light from the first substrate side to the photoconductive layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device of optical writing type has a first transparent substrate, a first transparent electrode formed on the first transparent substrate, and a photoconductive layer formed on the first transparent electrode and including hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide (a-Si.sub.1-x C.sub.x :H). The display device also has a second transparent substrate, a second transparent electrode formed on the second transparent substrate, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the photoconductive layer and the second transparent electrode. The dielectric mirror can be made of alternating layers of hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide (a-SiC:H) with different silicon to carbon ratios.

Abstract: A liquid crystal element of optical writing type includes a pair of transparent substrates respectively having electrodes formed on the overall surfaces thereof. The liquid crystal element also includes a photoconductive layer formed on one of the transparent substrates and having a back-to-back diode structure, which impedance is to be changed depending on an amount of incident light. The liquid crystal element further includes a mirror layer for reflecting light entered from the other side of a writing side of the photoconductive layer, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the pair of transparent substrates.

Abstract: The semiconductor device somprises a silicon substrate, a boron-doped high resistant silicon carbide layer formed on said silicon substrate and a silicon carbide layer formed on said high resistant silicon carbide layer.

Abstract: The liquid crystal display device comprises a multi-layered-type liquid crystal cell that is composed of first and second cell layers, the cell containing liquid crystal molecules with a twisted nematic orientation therein, wherein the angle of twist of the liquid crystal molecules in the first cell layer is opposite to that of twist of the liquid crystal molecules in the second cell layer; the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules in the first cell layer that is the nearest the second cell layer is at an angle of 70.degree. to 150.degree. to that of the liquid crystal molecules in the second cell layer that are nearest the first cell layer; and the angle of twist of the liquid crystal molecules in the first cell layer is different from the angle of twist of the liquid crystal molecules in the second cell layer, thereby producing a black-and-white display image with high contrast without giving rise to color and a colored display image with high contrast. Also, the dependence of the birefringence .

Abstract: A method for driving a multi-layered-type liquid crystal display device is disclosed. The liquid crystal display device includes a plurality of cell layers, and each cell layer contains liquid crystal molecules twisted between two transparent substrates so as to have a relatively large birefringence and having a light transmittance changing responsive to a voltage applied thereto. Voltages to be applied to respective cell layers are determined so as to pass a predetermined color light in combination of the light transmittances of individual cell layers. Further, these cell layers are driven by those voltages determined to display an image having the predetermined color light on the liquid crystal display device.

Abstract: Several large-screen displays making use of liquid crystal light valve have been realized. The photoactivated liquid crystal light valve is composed by intervening a photoconductor layer between a liquid crystal layer and an electrode. The photoconductor layer changes in impedance when exposed with light. Therefore, when light is emitted to the photoconductor layer while a voltage is applied between electrodes, the voltage applied to the exposed portion varies, and the orientation state of the liquid crystal layer changes. Thus, an image is formed on the liquid crystal layer. The structure for emitting/interrupting the light mentioned above may be reduced in size by using liquid crystal shutter arrays. As the liquid crystal layer usable in the liquid crystal shutter arrays, SmC* phase liquid crystal showing a ferrodielectric property may be used, so that the response may be enhanced. Therefore, not limited to the still picture display alone, a moving picture may be also displayed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a pair of transparent substrates with liquid crystal sealed therebetween. A first transparent conductive film is selectively formed on at least one of the two transparent substrates. A colored light-transmitting member is formed on the first transparent conductive film, and second transparent conductive film covers the colored light-transmitting member and is made to contact the first transparent conductive film at the area where the colored light-transmitting member is not formed.

Abstract: The semiconductor device comprises a silicon substrate, a boron-doped high resistant silicon carbide layer that is formed on the silicon substrate and a silicon carbide layer formed on the high resistant silicon carbide layer. The silicon carbide layer that is formed on the high resistant silicon carbide layer provides an electrical insulation for the device so that improved device characteristics are obtained.

Abstract: A heteroepitaxial growth method comprising growing a semiconductor single-crystal film on a semiconductor single-crystal substrate with a lattice constant different from that of the semiconductor single-crystal film by chemical vapor deposition, the epitaxial orientation of the semiconductor single-crystal film being inclined at a certain angle with respect to the semiconductor single-crystal substrate.