Abstract: An electrolyte solution containing a compound represented by the following formula (1).

Abstract: An electrolyte solution containing a compound (1) represented by the formula (1), (wherein R101 and R102 are each individually a substituent such as a C1-C7 alkyl group, and the substituent optionally contains at least one divalent to hexavalent hetero atom in a structure or optionally has a structure obtained by replacing at least one hydrogen atom by a fluorine atom or a C0-C7 functional group) and at least one compound (11) selected from compounds such as a compound represented by formula (11-1) (wherein R111 and R112 are the same as or different from each other and are each a hydrogen atom or the like, and R113 is an alkyl group free from a fluorine atom or the like):

Abstract: In a gas dynamic pressure bearing mechanism (1) for smoothing rotary motion of a shaft (10) by feeding gas to the bearing clearance between the shaft (10) and a fixed sleeve (20) for supporting the shaft (10) through a herring bone groove (10a), the herring bone groove (10a) is provided in the shaft (10) such that pressure distribution generated in the bearing clearance moves at a high speed. The herring bone groove (10a) consists of N grooves such that N minimal pressure values appearing alternately with maximal pressure values at the positions where the maximal pressure values of dynamic pressure variation appear in the bearing clearance when the shaft (10) rotates have such an interval as it becomes lower than the condensation pressure value.

Abstract: In a gas dynamic pressure bearing mechanism (1) for smoothing rotary motion of a shaft (10) by feeding gas to the bearing clearance between the shaft (10) and a fixed sleeve (20) for supporting the shaft (10) through a herring bone groove (10a), the herring bone groove (10a) is provided in the shaft (10) such that pressure distribution generated in the bearing clearance moves at a high speed. The herring bone groove (10a) consists of N grooves such that N minimal pressure values appearing alternately with maximal pressure values at the positions where the maximal pressure values of dynamic pressure variation appear in the bearing clearance when the shaft (10) rotates have such an interval as it becomes lower than the condensation pressure value.

Abstract: A circumferential flow type dynamic pressure bearing 1 is comprised of a shaft 2 having a multiple-arc-shaped pressure generating surface and a circular sleeve 3 fitted on the shaft 2. The shaft or the sleeve is formed with a plurality of proximity portions 4 each of which is close in distance to the surface opposed thereto whereby the support force of gas is generated. A plurality of grooves 5 formed at locations spaced from each other by an angle obtained by dividing the circumference by the number of proximity portions 4 or a divisor thereof. Use of such bearing ensures compatibility with high-humidity environmental conditions by provision of grooves, and at the same time it is capable of eliminating or reducing noise generated by vibration caused by radial deviations of the shaft due to provision of the grooves.

Abstract: A dynamic-pressure gas bearing wherein a rotational shaft is disposed to surround an outer circumference of a stationary shaft or to be surrounded by an inner circumference of a stationary shaft, and a dynamic pressure is generated between the stationary shaft and the rotational shaft through rotation of the rotational shaft, characterized in that a water relief portion is provided. In a dynamic-pressure gas-bearing having a water relief portion, even when the bearing is used in a high-humidity environment or even when water (water vapor) contained in a gas liquefies due to high pressure, a pressure change, or the like, the water relief portion prevents a water film from being formed to thereby prevent an increase in a shear force acting between the stationary shaft and the rotational shaft.

Abstract: An optical deflector is provided with a scanning mirror which is rotatable about a shaft and accompanied by a sleeve and hub. The pneumatic pressure around the mirror which is located within a cavity formed by a motor case of the deflector is maintained lower than an inside pneumatic pressure of a pneumatic pressure creation arrangement. The arrangement has the shaft provided with herringbone grooves engraved on the periphery thereof and the sleeve rotatable about the shaft together with the hub and the scanning mirror. When the scanning mirror rotates about the shaft, windage loss may be reduced, and when the inside pneumatic pressure between the shaft and the sleeve is kept higher than the atmospheric pressure, the rigidity of the shaft may be maintained during the rotation of scanning mirror about the shaft.

Abstract: A calcitonin originated from the ultimobranchial gland of cartilaginous fishes and having a blood calcium-decreasing activity has the following amino acid sequence: H-Cys-Thr-Ser-Leu-Ser-Thr-Cys-Val-Val-Gly-Lys-Leu-Ser-Gln-Gln-Leu-His-Lys- Leu-Gln-Asn-Ile-Gln-Arg-Thr-Asp-Val-Gly-Ala-Ala-Thr-Pro-NH.sub.2, where the cysteine residues in the peptide may be linked together through a disulfide bond. The novel peptide exhibits an excellent blood calcium-decreasing activity and an excellent chondrocyte differentiation-promoting activity and is useful as a therapeutic agent for hypercalcemia, osteoporosis, Paget's disease, and the like.

Abstract: This invention relates to a vehicle air conditioning device and defroster having a control circuit for controlling a compressor, an outdoor air/inner air change-over door and a blower fan for air conditioning the vehicle room. A control switch is provided for a rear window heater wire for defrosting the window pane of the vehicle containing the wire. The vehicle air conditioner is operated in response to the operation of the rear window heater when it is energized. The rear window heater wire is turned on manually or automatically in response to an outdoor frost sensor. The compressor is operated to defrost when the outdoor air temperature is higher than the allowable operating temperature in the compressor. During operation of the control switch, the outdoor air/inner air change-over door is controlled, when the air temperature is lower than a selected allowable operating temperature, so as to increase the feeding rate of the outdoor air or to increase the feeding volume of the outdoor air.